Purpose
Calculate and interpret critical SaaS economics — CAC, LTV, LTV/CAC, payback period, NRR, and magic number — to assess whether the business can grow sustainably and where to invest.
Application
Key Metrics Template
# SaaS Economics: [Product Name]
**Period:** [Quarter/Year]
## Unit Economics
| Metric | Value | Benchmark | Health |
|--------|-------|-----------|--------|
| **CAC** (Customer Acquisition Cost) | $[#] | Industry: $[#] | 🟢/🟡/🔴 |
| **LTV** (Lifetime Value) | $[#] | ≥3x CAC | 🟢/🟡/🔴 |
| **LTV:CAC Ratio** | [#]:1 | >3:1 healthy | 🟢/🟡/🔴 |
| **Payback Period** | [#] months | <12 months | 🟢/🟡/🔴 |
| **Gross Margin** | [%] | >70% SaaS | 🟢/🟡/🔴 |
| **NRR** (Net Revenue Retention) | [%] | >110% | 🟢/🟡/🔴 |
| **GRR** (Gross Revenue Retention) | [%] | >85% | 🟢/🟡/🔴 |
| **Magic Number** | [#] | >0.75 invest more | 🟢/🟡/🔴 |
| **Rule of 40** | [%] | >40% | 🟢/🟡/🔴 |
## Formulas
- **CAC** = Total Sales & Marketing Spend / New Customers Acquired
- **LTV** = ARPU × Gross Margin × (1 / Churn Rate)
- **LTV:CAC** = LTV / CAC
- **Payback Period** = CAC / (ARPU × Gross Margin)
- **NRR** = (Starting MRR + Expansion - Contraction - Churn) / Starting MRR
- **Magic Number** = Net New ARR / Prior Quarter S&M Spend
- **Rule of 40** = Revenue Growth Rate + Profit Margin
## Interpretation
- [What's healthy and why]
- [What needs improvement]
- [Investment recommendation based on magic number]
Quality Rubric
| Dimension | 0 | 1 | 2 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Metrics | 1-2 metrics | 4-5 metrics | Full dashboard (8+ metrics) |
| Data Quality | Estimated | Partially calculated | Fully calculated from real data |
| Benchmarking | No comparison | Industry benchmark | Industry + trend over time |
| Interpretation | Numbers only | What they mean | What to do about them |
References
Related Skills
skills/strategy/business-model-canvas/SKILL.md— Revenue model contextskills/growth/growth-model/SKILL.md— Growth projectionsskills/launch/pricing-packaging-advisor/SKILL.md— Pricing affects all metrics
External Frameworks
- David Skok (Matrix Partners), SaaS metrics
- Bessemer Cloud Index — SaaS benchmarks
Skill type: Component Domain: Analytics & Metrics