Eip712 Signing

EIP-712 Typed Data Signing with Nethereum

Package

Nethereum.Signer.EIP712

Namespaces

using System.Numerics;
using Nethereum.ABI.EIP712;
using Nethereum.ABI.FunctionEncoding.Attributes;
using Nethereum.Signer;
using Nethereum.Signer.EIP712;
using Nethereum.Util;

Core Concepts

EIP-712 signs structured data with a domain separator, producing signatures that wallets can display in human-readable form. Nethereum maps EIP-712 structs to C# classes using attributes.

Step 1: Define Typed Structs

Each EIP-712 struct becomes a C# class with [Struct] and [Parameter] attributes.

[Struct("Person")]
public class Person
{
    [Parameter("string", "name", 1)]
    public string Name { get; set; }

    [Parameter("address", "wallet", 2)]
    public string Wallet { get; set; }
}

[Struct("Mail")]
public class Mail
{
    [Parameter("tuple", "from", 1, "Person")]
    public Person From { get; set; }

    [Parameter("tuple", "to", 2, "Person")]
    public Person To { get; set; }

    [Parameter("string", "contents", 3)]
    public string Contents { get; set; }
}

Rules:

• Use tuple as the Solidity type for nested structs, with the struct name as the fourth [Parameter] argument.
• The [Struct("Name")] value must match the EIP-712 type name exactly.
• Parameter order numbers (1, 2, 3...) must match the EIP-712 field order.

Step 2: Create TypedData with Domain

var typedData = new TypedData<Domain>
{
    Domain = new Domain
    {
        Name = "Ether Mail",
        Version = "1",
        ChainId = 1,
        VerifyingContract = "0xCcCCccccCCCCcCCCCCCcCcCccCcCCCcCcccccccC"
    },
    Types = MemberDescriptionFactory.GetTypesMemberDescription(
        typeof(Domain), typeof(Mail), typeof(Person)),
    PrimaryType = nameof(Mail),
};

MemberDescriptionFactory.GetTypesMemberDescription auto-generates the type schema from C# classes. Pass typeof(Domain) plus all struct types.

Domain fields: Name, Version, ChainId, VerifyingContract, Salt (optional).

Step 3: Sign and Recover

var signer = new Eip712TypedDataSigner();
var key = new EthECKey("private-key-hex");

var mail = new Mail
{
    From = new Person
    {
        Name = "Cow",
        Wallet = "0xCD2a3d9F938E13CD947Ec05AbC7FE734Df8DD826"
    },
    To = new Person
    {
        Name = "Bob",
        Wallet = "0xbBbBBBBbbBBBbbbBbbBbbbbBBbBbbbbBbBbbBBbB"
    },
    Contents = "Hello, Bob!"
};

var signature = signer.SignTypedDataV4(mail, typedData, key);
var recoveredAddress = signer.RecoverFromSignatureV4(mail, typedData, signature);

// Verify
bool isValid = key.GetPublicAddress().IsTheSameAddress(recoveredAddress);

The signature is a 0x-prefixed hex string (132 chars = 65 bytes).

Sign from JSON (No C# Types)

When receiving EIP-712 data as JSON (e.g., from WalletConnect):

var typedDataJson = @"{
    'domain': {
        'chainId': 1,
        'name': 'Ether Mail',
        'verifyingContract': '0xCcCCccccCCCCcCCCCCCcCcCccCcCCCcCcccccccC',
        'version': '1'
    },
    'message': {
        'contents': 'Hello, Bob!',
        'from': { 'name': 'Cow', 'wallet': '0xCD2a3d9F938E13CD947Ec05AbC7FE734Df8DD826' },
        'to': { 'name': 'Bob', 'wallet': '0xbBbBBBBbbBBBbbbBbbBbbbbBBbBbbbbBbBbbBBbB' }
    },
    'primaryType': 'Mail',
    'types': {
        'EIP712Domain': [
            { 'name': 'name', 'type': 'string' },
            { 'name': 'version', 'type': 'string' },
            { 'name': 'chainId', 'type': 'uint256' },
            { 'name': 'verifyingContract', 'type': 'address' }
        ],
        'Mail': [
            { 'name': 'from', 'type': 'Person' },
            { 'name': 'to', 'type': 'Person' },
            { 'name': 'contents', 'type': 'string' }
        ],
        'Person': [
            { 'name': 'name', 'type': 'string' },
            { 'name': 'wallet', 'type': 'address' }
        ]
    }
}";

var key = new EthECKey("private-key-hex");
var signer = new Eip712TypedDataSigner();

var signature = signer.SignTypedDataV4(typedDataJson, key);
var recoveredAddress = signer.RecoverFromSignatureV4(typedDataJson, signature);

ERC-2612 Permit Signature

Define the Permit struct:

[Struct("Permit")]
public class Permit
{
    [Parameter("address", "owner", 1)]
    public string Owner { get; set; }

    [Parameter("address", "spender", 2)]
    public string Spender { get; set; }

    [Parameter("uint256", "value", 3)]
    public BigInteger Value { get; set; }

    [Parameter("uint256", "nonce", 4)]
    public BigInteger Nonce { get; set; }

    [Parameter("uint256", "deadline", 5)]
    public BigInteger Deadline { get; set; }
}

Sign a permit:

var typedData = new TypedData<Domain>
{
    Domain = new Domain
    {
        Name = "MyToken",
        Version = "1",
        ChainId = 1,
        VerifyingContract = "0x1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef12345678"
    },
    Types = MemberDescriptionFactory.GetTypesMemberDescription(
        typeof(Domain), typeof(Permit)),
    PrimaryType = nameof(Permit),
};

var permit = new Permit
{
    Owner = "0xCD2a3d9F938E13CD947Ec05AbC7FE734Df8DD826",
    Spender = "0xbBbBBBBbbBBBbbbBbbBbbbbBBbBbbbbBbBbbBBbB",
    Value = BigInteger.Parse("1000000000000000000"),
    Nonce = 0,
    Deadline = BigInteger.Parse("1000000000000")
};

var key = new EthECKey("private-key-hex");
var signer = new Eip712TypedDataSigner();
var signature = signer.SignTypedDataV4(permit, typedData, key);

Auto-Generated Schema Shortcut

For simple structs without nesting, skip manual TypedData construction:

var domain = new Domain
{
    Name = "Ether Mail",
    Version = "1",
    ChainId = 1,
    VerifyingContract = "0xCcCCccccCCCCcCCCCCCcCcCccCcCCCcCcccccccC"
};

var signer = new Eip712TypedDataSigner();
var key = new EthECKey("private-key-hex");

var signature = signer.SignTypedData<Permit, Domain>(permit, domain, "Permit", key);

Manual verification of auto-generated signatures:

var encodedData = Eip712TypedDataEncoder.Current
    .EncodeTypedData(permit, domain, "Permit");
var recoveredAddress = new MessageSigner().EcRecover(
    Sha3Keccack.Current.CalculateHash(encodedData), signature);

Quick Reference

Common Patterns

Verify a Signature

var expectedAddress = "0x...";
var recoveredAddress = signer.RecoverFromSignatureV4(message, typedData, signature);
bool isValid = expectedAddress.IsTheSameAddress(recoveredAddress);

Multi-Chain Domain

var domain = new Domain
{
    Name = "My Dapp",
    Version = "2",
    ChainId = 137,  // Polygon
    VerifyingContract = "0x1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"
};

Verified Source

All patterns from tests/Nethereum.Signer.UnitTests/Eip712DocExampleTests.cs.