Laravel Activity Logging

Laravel Activity Logging

Audit trails with spatie/laravel-activitylog v5. Records who did what to which model, with what changed.

Related guides:

• Models - The trait lives on Eloquent models
• Enums - ActivityEvent is a backed enum
• Services - Manual logging belongs in actions/services, not controllers

Overview

There are two ways to log:

1. Automatic model events — add the LogsActivity trait to a model and it logs created / updated / deleted / restored for you, recording attribute changes.
2. Manual logging — call the activity() helper for domain events that aren't a single model write (logins, exports, bulk actions, external side effects).

Both write to the activity_log table, queryable via the Spatie\Activitylog\Models\Activity model. Setup (config, migration) is already done — this guide is usage only.

When to Use

Use automatic model logging when:

• You want a change history on a model (who edited a Patient, what fields changed)
• Compliance/audit requirements on sensitive records

Use manual logging when:

• The event isn't a model write (user logged in, report downloaded, webhook received)
• You need a human-readable description with custom properties

Quick Reference

Automatic model logging (LogsActivity trait)

Add the trait and implement getActivitylogOptions(). In v5 the trait lives under Models\Concerns (see Common Mistakes).

<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\SoftDeletes;
use Spatie\Activitylog\Models\Concerns\LogsActivity;
use Spatie\Activitylog\Support\LogOptions;

class Patient extends Model
{
    use LogsActivity;
    use SoftDeletes;

    public function getActivitylogOptions(): LogOptions
    {
        return LogOptions::defaults()
            ->logOnly(['first_name', 'last_name', 'email', 'status'])
            ->logExcept(['remember_token'])
            ->logOnlyDirty()          // only record attributes that actually changed
            ->dontLogEmptyChanges()   // skip the activity entirely if nothing changed
            ->useLogName('patient')
            ->setDescriptionForEvent(fn (string $eventName): string => "Patient {$eventName}");
    }
}

This logs created, updated, deleted, and — because the model uses SoftDeletes — restored automatically. Without SoftDeletes you get exactly created / updated / deleted. To pin the set explicitly regardless, use $recordEvents (below).

Other attribute selectors (pick one as the base, then refine):

LogOptions::defaults()->logAll();           // every attribute
LogOptions::defaults()->logFillable();      // all $fillable attributes
LogOptions::defaults()->logUnguarded();     // all attributes not in $guarded
LogOptions::defaults()->logOnly(['name', 'status', 'parent.name']); // dot-notation walks relations

Restrict which events fire with static props on the model:

protected static array $recordEvents = ['updated', 'deleted'];   // only these
// or
protected static array $doNotRecordEvents = ['created'];          // all except these

Skip an activity when only noise changed:

LogOptions::defaults()
    ->logOnlyDirty()
    ->dontLogIfAttributesChangedOnly(['last_seen_at', 'updated_at']);

Mutate the activity before it's saved with the beforeActivityLogged hook on the model:

use Spatie\Activitylog\Contracts\Activity;

public function beforeActivityLogged(Activity $activity, string $eventName): void
{
    $activity->properties = $activity->properties->put('ip', request()->ip());
}

Reading what changed

use Spatie\Activitylog\Models\Activity;

$activity = Activity::forSubject($patient)->latest()->first();

$activity->attribute_changes;
// Collection: ['attributes' => ['status' => 'active'], 'old' => ['status' => 'pending']]

$activity->attribute_changes['attributes']; // new values
$activity->attribute_changes['old'];        // previous values

Pivot models

Logging a pivot requires a real primary key — add $table->id() in the migration and set $incrementing:

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\Pivot;
use Spatie\Activitylog\Models\Concerns\LogsActivity;

final class ClinicUser extends Pivot
{
    use LogsActivity;

    public $incrementing = true;
}

Manual logging (activity() helper)

For domain events. Keep these calls in actions/services, not controllers.

use App\Models\Patient;
use App\Models\User;

activity('patient')                          // first arg = log name (optional)
    ->causedBy($user)                        // who did it (defaults to auth user)
    ->performedOn($patient)                   // the subject
    ->withProperties(['source' => 'import', 'ip' => request()->ip()])
    ->event('imported')
    ->log('Patient imported from CSV');

A login logger (no model subject, just a causer):

use Spatie\Activitylog\Models\Activity;
use App\Models\User;

public function recordLogin(User $user): void
{
    activity('auth')
        ->causedBy($user)
        ->withProperty('ip', request()->ip())
        ->event('login')
        ->log(':causer.email logged in'); // placeholders resolve at log time
}

Placeholders :causer.*, :subject.*, and :properties.* are substituted from the causer model, subject model, and properties array.

Reading a logged activity:

$activity = Activity::all()->last();

$activity->description;          // 'Patient imported from CSV'
$activity->causer;               // the User model
$activity->subject;              // the Patient model
$activity->getProperty('source'); // 'import'

Anonymous events (no causer) and runtime causers in jobs (where there's no authenticated user):

use Spatie\Activitylog\Facades\Activity;

// No causer:
activity()->causedByAnonymous()->log('Scheduled cleanup ran');

// Force a causer for a block of code (e.g. acting on behalf of an admin in a job):
Activity::defaultCauser($admin, function () use ($patient): void {
    $patient->update(['status' => 'archived']); // logged with $admin as causer
});

The causer is not carried across the queue boundary — a worker has no authenticated user. Pass the causer into the job and wrap the work in defaultCauser() inside handle():

public function __construct(private readonly Clinic $clinic, private readonly User $admin) {}

public function handle(): void
{
    Activity::defaultCauser($this->admin, function (): void {
        $this->clinic->update(['is_active' => false]); // attributed to $admin
    });
}

Multiple logs

Group related activity under a named log so you can query each stream separately. Set it per-model with useLogName() (shown above) or per manual call with the first activity() argument:

activity('billing')->causedBy($user)->log('Invoice generated');
activity('auth')->causedBy($user)->event('login')->log('Logged in');

Query a specific log with the inLog scope (variadic — accepts multiple):

use Spatie\Activitylog\Models\Activity;

Activity::inLog('auth')->get();
Activity::inLog('auth', 'billing')->get();
Activity::inLog(['auth', 'billing'])->get();

Grouping by a custom column & global enrichment

log_name groups activities into streams, but for a cross-cutting dimension you filter on often (e.g. a tenant organisation_id), add a real column and populate it globally.

1. Add the column in a follow-up migration (the package's own migration is already published):

Schema::table('activity_log', function (Blueprint $table): void {
    $table->foreignUuid('organisation_id')->nullable()->index();
});

2. Populate it for every activity. Manual and model-event logs both funnel through LogActivityAction::execute(), which runs every callback registered with Activity::beforeLogging() right before the row is saved. Register one in a service provider's boot():

use Spatie\Activitylog\Contracts\Activity as ActivityContract;
use Spatie\Activitylog\Facades\Activity;

public function boot(): void
{
    Activity::beforeLogging(function (ActivityContract $activity): void {
        /*
         * Stamp the acting tenant + request metadata onto every entry.
         * ??= so an explicit caller-set value wins.
         */
        $activity->organisation_id ??= resolve(OrganisationContext::class)->id();

        $activity->properties = $activity->properties->merge(array_filter([
            'ip' => request()->ip(),
            'user_agent' => request()->userAgent(),
        ]));
    });
}

• Fires for the trait and the activity() helper — one place to enrich everything.
• Register once in boot(). beforeLogging appends to a static array, so registering per-request (e.g. in middleware) accumulates duplicate callbacks — matters under Octane.
• Resolve services and request() inside the closure (write time); never capture them.

3. Query the column like any other:

Activity::query()->where('organisation_id', $id)->latest()->get();

Querying activities

The Activity model ships query scopes:

use Spatie\Activitylog\Enums\ActivityEvent;
use Spatie\Activitylog\Models\Activity;

Activity::causedBy($user)->get();                  // everything this user did
Activity::forSubject($patient)->get();             // this record's full history
Activity::forEvent('login')->get();                // by event name
Activity::forEvent(ActivityEvent::Updated)->get(); // or the enum
Activity::inLog('patient')->forSubject($patient)->latest()->get(); // chain them

// Custom properties are JSON — query with arrow paths:
Activity::where('properties->source', 'import')->get();

ActivityEvent (Spatie\Activitylog\Enums\ActivityEvent) has Created, Updated, Deleted, Restored.

Disabling logging

Disable globally for a block of work (bulk imports, seeders, migrations):

activity()->withoutLogging(function (): void {
    Patient::factory()->count(10_000)->create(); // none of these log
});

Toggle manually if you need finer control (re-enable in a finally):

activity()->disableLogging();
// ... work that must not log ...
activity()->enableLogging();

Disable for a single model instance:

$patient->disableLogging()->update(['status' => 'active']); // this write won't log
$patient->enableLogging();

Globally off via env: set ACTIVITYLOG_ENABLED=false (config key activitylog.enabled).

Cleaning up

The activity_log table grows fast. Prune records older than activitylog.clean_after_days (default 365):

php artisan activitylog:clean              # uses clean_after_days from config
php artisan activitylog:clean --days=30    # override retention for this run
php artisan activitylog:clean auth         # only the 'auth' log
php artisan activitylog:clean --force      # skip the production confirmation prompt

Schedule it in routes/console.php:

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schedule;

Schedule::command('activitylog:clean --force')->daily();

Common Mistakes

Using the old v4 trait namespace. v5 moved the trait. Import from Models\Concerns:

// ❌ v3/v4 — does not exist in v5
use Spatie\Activitylog\Traits\LogsActivity;

// ✅ v5
use Spatie\Activitylog\Models\Concerns\LogsActivity;

Logging sensitive attributes. logAll() / logFillable() will happily record passwords, tokens, and secrets into the audit table. Always exclude them:

LogOptions::defaults()->logFillable()->logExcept(['password', 'remember_token', 'api_token']);

Noisy, useless logs. Without logOnlyDirty() every update logs every watched attribute even when unchanged, and without dontLogEmptyChanges() you get rows describing zero changes. Use both on automatic logging.

N+1 when reading causer/subject. $activity->causer and $activity->subject are morph relations — lazy loading them in a loop is N+1 per record. Eager load:

Activity::with(['causer', 'subject'])->forSubject($patient)->get();

Pivot without an id. A pivot model using LogsActivity silently won't log unless its table has a $table->id() primary key and the model sets public $incrementing = true;.

Confusing the two before-logging hooks. The per-model beforeActivityLogged(Activity $activity, string $eventName) method mutates one model's activities; the global Activity::beforeLogging(fn ($activity) => ...) facade hook (registered in a service provider) applies to every activity. Use the model method for model-specific tweaks.

Two classes named Activity. Writing logs uses the facade Spatie\Activitylog\Facades\Activity (for defaultCauser, beforeLogging, withoutLogging); reading/querying uses the model Spatie\Activitylog\Models\Activity (for causedBy, forSubject, inLog scopes). If one file needs both, alias one — e.g. use Spatie\Activitylog\Facades\Activity as ActivityLog; — or they collide.

Caching the log name across calls. useLog() / inLog() set log_name on the current entry — not a durable default. After each log() the builder resets, and the next entry's log_name reverts to the configured default (activitylog.default_log_name). So when you wrap the builder in a long-lived service, set the name per entry, never once in the constructor:

// ❌ first entry logs to 'auth'; every later one silently falls back to the default log
public function __construct(PendingActivityLog $log)
{
    $log->useLog('auth');
    $this->logger = $log->logger();
}

// ✅ apply it on each call
protected function activity(): ActivityLogger
{
    $this->pendingLog->useLog('auth'); // forwards to the wrapped logger
    return $this->pendingLog->logger();
}