Appwrite CLI

Appwrite CLI

Installation

# npm
npm install -g appwrite-cli

# macOS (Homebrew native binary)
brew tap appwrite/appwrite
brew install appwrite/appwrite/appwrite

# macOS / Linux (script)
curl -sL https://appwrite.io/cli/install.sh | bash

# Windows (Scoop)
scoop install https://raw.githubusercontent.com/appwrite/sdk-for-cli/master/scoop/appwrite.config.json

Verify installation:

appwrite -v

Login & Initialization

# Login to your account
appwrite login

# Login to a self-hosted instance
appwrite login --endpoint "https://your-instance.com/v1"

# Switch to a different saved account
appwrite login --switch

# Initialize a project (creates appwrite.config.json)
appwrite init project

# Verify by fetching project info
appwrite projects get --project-id "<PROJECT_ID>"

appwrite whoami can show https://cloud.appwrite.io/v1 as the account login endpoint. That is expected for Appwrite Cloud login. Do not rewrite it to a regional endpoint. Only project configuration and project-scoped API calls use the region endpoint, such as https://<REGION>.cloud.appwrite.io/v1.

Configuration

# Switch endpoint/project for scripted use
appwrite client --endpoint "https://<REGION>.cloud.appwrite.io/v1"
appwrite client --project-id "<PROJECT_ID>"

For the full list of CLI commands, see CLI Commands. For headless / CI/CD usage, see Non-Interactive Mode.

appwrite.config.json

Resources can be configured inline in appwrite.config.json or split into separate JSON array files using includes.

{
    "projectId": "<PROJECT_ID>",
    "projectName": "Production",
    "endpoint": "https://<REGION>.cloud.appwrite.io/v1",
    "includes": {
        "functions": "appwrite/functions.json",
        "sites": "appwrite/sites.json",
        "webhooks": "appwrite/webhooks.json"
    },
    "settings": {
        "services": {
            "account": true,
            "databases": true,
            "functions": true,
            "sites": true,
            "messaging": true
        },
        "protocols": {
            "rest": true,
            "graphql": true,
            "websocket": true
        },
        "auth": {
            "methods": {
                "email-password": true,
                "magic-url": true
            },
            "security": {
                "sessionsLimit": 10,
                "passwordDictionary": true
            }
        }
    },
    "tablesDB": [],
    "tables": [],
    "buckets": [],
    "teams": [],
    "topics": []
}

Each includes value must be a relative .json path inside the project directory and must point to a JSON array. A resource cannot be defined both inline and in includes. When functions or sites are included, their path values are resolved relative to the include file directory.

Example appwrite/functions.json:

[
    {
        "$id": "<FUNCTION_ID>",
        "name": "userAuth",
        "enabled": true,
        "logging": true,
        "runtime": "node-22",
        "buildSpecification": "s-1vcpu-512mb",
        "runtimeSpecification": "s-1vcpu-512mb",
        "deploymentRetention": 7,
        "events": [],
        "schedule": "",
        "timeout": 15,
        "entrypoint": "src/main.js",
        "commands": "npm install",
        "ignore": "node_modules\n.tmp",
        "path": "../functions/userAuth"
    }
]

Pull and push project configuration

# Pull or push everything
appwrite pull all --all
appwrite push all --all

# Pull or push individual resource groups
appwrite pull settings
appwrite push settings
appwrite pull webhooks
appwrite push webhooks
appwrite pull functions
appwrite push functions

Deploying Functions

# Create a new function
appwrite init functions

# Pull existing functions from Console
appwrite pull functions

# Deploy functions
appwrite push functions

Function configuration in appwrite.config.json

{
    "functions": [
        {
            "$id": "<FUNCTION_ID>",
            "name": "userAuth",
            "enabled": true,
            "logging": true,
            "runtime": "node-22",
            "buildSpecification": "s-1vcpu-512mb",
            "runtimeSpecification": "s-1vcpu-512mb",
            "deploymentRetention": 7,
            "scopes": [],
            "events": [],
            "schedule": "",
            "timeout": 15,
            "entrypoint": "src/main.js",
            "commands": "npm install",
            "ignore": "node_modules\n.tmp",
            "path": "functions/userAuth"
        }
    ]
}

Key function config fields:

Function commands

List functions with flag-based queries

Prefer the query flags for common filtering, sorting, and pagination. Use --queries only for raw Appwrite JSON query strings or advanced automation.

appwrite functions list \
    --where 'name=api' \
    --sort-desc '$createdAt' \
    --limit 10 \
    --offset 0 \
    --json

appwrite functions list-deployments \
    --function-id <FUNCTION_ID> \
    --limit 5 \
    --cursor-after <DEPLOYMENT_ID>

Trigger a function with body

appwrite functions create-execution \
    --function-id <FUNCTION_ID> \
    --body '{"key": "value"}'

Local development

appwrite run functions

Deployment activation

# Deploy and activate the deployment
appwrite push functions --function-id <FUNCTION_ID> --activate

# Deploy without switching live traffic
appwrite push functions --function-id <FUNCTION_ID> --activate=false

Function variables

Do not define function variables in appwrite.config.json. Put them in a .env file inside the configured function path. Variables are saved after they are pushed, so use --with-variables only when you want to create, replace, or remove the remote variables from the local .env file.

# functions/userAuth/.env
PUBLIC_FLAG=enabled
SECRET_TOKEN=replace-me

# Sync function variables from .env
appwrite push functions --function-id <FUNCTION_ID> --with-variables

# Push code without changing saved variables
appwrite push functions --function-id <FUNCTION_ID>

# Run locally with variables fetched from function settings
appwrite run functions --with-variables

Deploying Sites

# Create a new site
appwrite init sites

# Pull existing sites from Console
appwrite pull sites

# Deploy sites
appwrite push sites

Site configuration in appwrite.config.json

{
    "sites": [
        {
            "$id": "<SITE_ID>",
            "name": "Documentation template",
            "logging": true,
            "framework": "astro",
            "timeout": 30,
            "installCommand": "npm install",
            "buildCommand": "npm run build",
            "outputDirectory": "./dist",
            "buildSpecification": "s-1vcpu-512mb",
            "runtimeSpecification": "s-1vcpu-512mb",
            "buildRuntime": "node-22",
            "adapter": "ssr",
            "fallbackFile": "",
            "startCommand": "npm run start",
            "deploymentRetention": 7,
            "path": "sites/documentation-template"
        }
    ]
}

Key site config fields:

Site commands

Site variables

Do not define site variables in appwrite.config.json. Put them in a .env file inside the configured site path. Variables are saved after they are pushed, so use --with-variables only when you want to create, replace, or remove the remote variables from the local .env file.

# sites/documentation-template/.env
PUBLIC_SITE_NAME=docs

appwrite push sites --site-id <SITE_ID> --with-variables

# Push code without changing saved variables
appwrite push sites --site-id <SITE_ID>

Managing Tables (Databases)

# Create a new table
appwrite init tables

# Pull existing tables from Console
appwrite pull tables

# Deploy tables
appwrite push tables

Table configuration in appwrite.config.json

{
    "tablesDB": [
        {
            "$id": "<DATABASE_ID>",
            "name": "songs",
            "enabled": true
        }
    ],
    "tables": [
        {
            "$id": "<TABLE_ID>",
            "$permissions": ["create(\"any\")", "read(\"any\")"],
            "databaseId": "<DATABASE_ID>",
            "name": "music",
            "enabled": true,
            "rowSecurity": false,
            "columns": [
                {
                    "key": "title",
                    "type": "varchar",
                    "required": true,
                    "size": 255
                }
            ],
            "indexes": []
        }
    ]
}

Database commands (TablesDB)

Column type commands

Note: The legacy string type is deprecated. Use explicit string column types instead.

All column commands use appwrite tables-db <command> --database-id <ID> --table-id <ID>.

Row operations

# Create a row
appwrite tables-db create-row \
    --database-id "<DATABASE_ID>" --table-id "<TABLE_ID>" \
    --row-id 'unique()' --data '{ "title": "Hello World" }' \
    --permissions 'read("any")' 'write("team:abc")'

# List rows (JSON output)
appwrite tables-db list-rows \
    --database-id "<DATABASE_ID>" --table-id "<TABLE_ID>" --json

# Get a row
appwrite tables-db get-row \
    --database-id "<DATABASE_ID>" --table-id "<TABLE_ID>" --row-id "<ROW_ID>"

List rows and documents with query flags

Use --where, --sort-asc, --sort-desc, --limit, --offset, --cursor-after, and --cursor-before on list commands. Row and document list/get commands also support repeated --select flags.

appwrite tables-db list-rows \
    --database-id "<DATABASE_ID>" \
    --table-id "<TABLE_ID>" \
    --where 'status=active' \
    --where 'score>=10' \
    --sort-asc 'name' \
    --select '$id' \
    --select 'name' \
    --limit 25 \
    --json

appwrite databases list-documents \
    --database-id "<DATABASE_ID>" \
    --collection-id "<COLLECTION_ID>" \
    --where 'email!=null' \
    --cursor-before "<DOCUMENT_ID>"

--where parses strings, numbers, booleans, null, and JSON arrays. Supported operators are =, !=, >, >=, <, and <=.

Managing Buckets (Storage)

# Create a new bucket
appwrite init buckets

# Pull existing buckets from Console
appwrite pull buckets

# Deploy buckets
appwrite push buckets

Storage commands

Managing Teams

# Create a new team
appwrite init teams

# Pull existing teams from Console
appwrite pull teams

# Deploy teams
appwrite push teams

Team commands

Managing Webhooks

# Pull existing webhooks from Console
appwrite pull webhooks

# Deploy configured webhooks
appwrite push webhooks

Webhook configuration in appwrite/webhooks.json

[
    {
        "$id": "<WEBHOOK_ID>",
        "name": "Deploy events",
        "url": "https://example.com/appwrite/webhook",
        "events": ["functions.*.deployments.*.create"],
        "enabled": true,
        "tls": true
    }
]

Webhook commands

Managing Topics (Messaging)

# Create a new topic
appwrite init topics

# Pull existing topics from Console
appwrite pull topics

# Deploy topics
appwrite push topics

Messaging commands

User Management

# Create a user
appwrite users create --user-id "unique()" \
    --email hello@appwrite.io

# List users
appwrite users list

# Get a user
appwrite users get --user-id "<USER_ID>"

# Delete a user
appwrite users delete --user-id "<USER_ID>"

Project Management

Project-level commands use the singular project service for current-project operations that do not need --project-id.

# Project settings and policies
appwrite project update-service --service-id functions --enabled true
appwrite project update-protocol --protocol-id rest --enabled true
appwrite project list-policies
appwrite project get-policy --policy-id "<POLICY_ID>"

# OAuth2 providers
appwrite project list-o-auth-2-providers
appwrite project get-o-auth-2-provider --provider github
appwrite project update-o-auth-2-git-hub --enabled true

# Mock phones and short-lived API keys
appwrite project create-mock-phone --phone "+12025550123" --otp "123456"
appwrite project list-mock-phones
appwrite project create-ephemeral-key

Generate Type-Safe SDK

# Auto-detect language and generate
appwrite generate

# Specify output directory
appwrite generate --output ./src/generated

# Specify language
appwrite generate --language typescript

# Override generated import settings
appwrite generate --appwrite-import-source node-appwrite --import-extension .js

Generated files:

Usage:

import { databases } from "./generated/appwrite";

const customers = databases.use("main").use("customers");

// Create
const customer = await customers.create({
    name: "Walter O' Brian",
    email: "walter@example.com"
});

// List with typed queries
const results = await customers.list({
    queries: (q) => [
        q.equal("name", "Walter O' Brian"),
        q.orderDesc("$createdAt"),
        q.limit(10)
    ]
});

// Update
await customers.update("customer-id-123", {
    email: "walter@scorpion.com"
});

// Delete
await customers.delete("customer-id-123");

// Bulk create
await customers.createMany([
    { name: "Walter O' Brian", email: "walter@example.com" },
    { name: "Paige Dineen", email: "paige@example.com" }
]);

Non-Interactive / CI/CD Mode

For headless automation, see the Non-Interactive Mode docs.

Deploy non-interactively

# Push everything
appwrite push all --all --force

# Push specific resources
appwrite push functions --all --force
appwrite push functions --function-id <FUNCTION_ID> --force
appwrite push sites --all --force
appwrite push tables --all --force
appwrite push teams --all --force
appwrite push buckets --all --force
appwrite push webhooks --all --force
appwrite push topics --all --force

Global Command Options

Maintenance Commands

# Update CLI using the detected install method
appwrite update

# Show manual update instructions
appwrite update --manual

# Install shell completions
appwrite completion install

Examples

# List users with JSON output
appwrite users list --json

# Get verbose error output
appwrite users list --verbose

# View a row in the Console
appwrite tables-db get-row \
    --database-id "<DATABASE_ID>" \
    --table-id "<TABLE_ID>" \
    --row-id "<ROW_ID>" \
    --console --open

# Generate error report
appwrite login --report