Mx Income Tax

Mexican Income Tax — Persona Física Actividades Profesionales (ISR) v2.0

General reference only. This skill is general tax/accounting reference material for AI-assisted workflows. It has not been reviewed for any specific person's facts, documents, elections, deadlines, residency, filing status, or local procedures. Do not rely on it to file, pay, amend, or take a tax position without review by a qualified professional in the relevant jurisdiction.

Section 1 — Quick Reference

ISR Annual Brackets 2025 (Personas Físicas — Régimen General)

Formula: ISR = Fixed Fee + (Gross Income − Lower Limit) × Rate

Note: Annual table is published by SAT each year. Monthly pagos provisionales use the monthly equivalent table. Always verify current-year SAT tables.

RESICO (Régimen Simplificado de Confianza) — Alternative

Professionals with annual gross income ≤ MXN 3,500,000 may use RESICO:

RESICO key features:

• Rate applied to gross income (no expense deductions)
• Monthly provisional = monthly gross × rate
• No annual Declaración Anual for purely RESICO income (informativa only)
• Cannot combine RESICO with Régimen General in same year for same activity

Retenciones (Withholding by Clients)

Retenciones are credited against the annual ISR balance.

ISR retenido: Client withholds 10% on the pre-IVA amount (honorarios brutos). The 10% is an advance payment, not the final rate.

IVA on Professional Services

Standard IVA rate: 16%. Not included in ISR computation — IVA is collected and remitted separately. Strip IVA from all income and expense figures for ISR purposes.

IMSS / ISSSTE Social Security

Personas físicas with actividades profesionales (autónomas) pay IMSS voluntarily (seguro voluntario) or have no mandatory IMSS obligation (unless registered as patron). Mandatory regime applies when they have employees.

Voluntary IMSS contributions: deductible in Declaración Anual as deducciones personales.

Conservative Defaults

Red Flag Thresholds

Section 2 — Required Inputs + Refusal Catalogue

Required Inputs

Before computing Mexican ISR, collect:

1. Total gross income (ingresos cobrados) — all amounts received, ex-IVA, for the fiscal year
2. CFDI de honorarios emitidos — all CFDIs issued to clients (SAT portal or accounting system)
3. Retenciones comprobantes — withholding certificates from PJ clients (10% ISR)
4. Pagos provisionales made — monthly ISR payments (línea de captura / recibos from SAT)
5. Deducciones autorizadas — documented expenses with CFDI de proveedores
6. Deducciones personales — medical, dental, hospital, education, mortgage, IMSS voluntary (with CFDI/facturas)
7. Bank statements — 12 months of the fiscal year
8. RFC — client's Registro Federal de Contribuyentes
9. Declaración anual prior year (if available) — to verify prior pagos provisionales and carryforward losses
10. RESICO status — confirm if enrolled in RESICO or Régimen de Actividades Empresariales y Profesionales

Refusal Catalogue

Section 3 — Transaction Pattern Library

Income Patterns

Expense Patterns (Deducciones Autorizadas — require CFDI)

Deducciones Personales (in Declaración Anual — not Cap. II expenses)

Total deducciones personales cap: 15% of gross income OR 5 UMA anual (MXN ~159,200), whichever is lower.

Section 4 — Worked Examples

Example 1 — BBVA México (CDMX, Marketing Consultant — Régimen General)

Bank: BBVA Bancomer CoDi/SPEI statement Client: Andrés Torres, marketing consultant, CDMX, Régimen de Actividades Profesionales

Fecha;Concepto;Cargo;Abono;Saldo
05/01/2025;SPEI DE EMPRESA ALPHA SA DE CV;;87500.00;
15/01/2025;COMISION BANCARIA;150.00;;
10/02/2025;SPEI DE MARKETING CORP SA;;57500.00;
28/02/2025;TELMEX PAGO;850.00;;
15/03/2025;STRIPE PAYMENTS MEXICO;;34800.00;
01/04/2025;ADOBE CREATIVE CLOUD MEXICO;1250.00;;
20/04/2025;SPEI DE BETA CONSULTORES SC;;69000.00;
15/06/2025;PAGO PROVISIONAL ISR SAT;12500.00;;
10/07/2025;DESPACHO CONTABLE GOMEZ;4640.00;;
10/10/2025;AEROMEXICO MONTERREY;3480.00;;

Step 1 — Income (ex-IVA)

Note: If amounts received are already net of IVA that Andrés already remitted to SAT, the ex-IVA gross = CFDI subtotal. Confirm with CFDI records. For simplicity, assume SPEI amounts are already net received after clients withheld 10% ISR.

Gross income from CFDIs (annualised): MXN 520,000 IRSR retenido 10% by PJ clients: MXN 52,000

Step 2 — Deducciones Autorizadas

Step 3 — Taxable Income (Base ISR)

Gross income:         MXN 520,000
Less deducciones:     MXN  85,220
Taxable income:       MXN 434,780

Step 4 — ISR

Bracket: MXN 374,837.89 – MXN 590,795.99
Fixed fee:         MXN 60,049.40
(434,780 − 374,837.89) × 23.52% = MXN 59,942.11 × 23.52% = MXN 14,098.58
ISR gross:         MXN 74,147.98

Less retenciones:  MXN 52,000
Less pagos provisionales: MXN 12,500 × months
ISR balance:       MXN 74,147.98 − MXN 52,000 − MXN [provisional total]

Example 2 — Santander México (Guadalajara, Developer — RESICO)

Bank: Santander Cuenta Digital Client: Sofía Ramírez, software developer, Guadalajara, enrolled in RESICO

Gross income (all CFDI invoiced): MXN 480,000 (ex-IVA) RESICO bracket: MXN 300,001–600,000 → 1.10%

Annual ISR RESICO: MXN 480,000 × 1.10% = MXN 5,280

Key points:

• No deducciones autorizadas allowed under RESICO
• Monthly pago provisional: (monthly income) × 1.10% via SAT portal
• No Declaración Anual required (informativa only)
• IVA still applies separately (collect 16%, remit to SAT)

Example 3 — Banamex / Citibanamex (Monterrey, Architect)

Bank: Banamex statement Client: Ricardo Vega, architect, Monterrey, Régimen General

Complex deductions:

• Studio rent (commercial): MXN 84,000/yr → require CFDI arrendamiento
• AutoCAD / BIM software: MXN 18,000 → CFDI
• Subcontractor (structural engineer): MXN 120,000 → require CFDI honorarios

Gross income: MXN 800,000 Total deductions: MXN 300,000 (including subcontractor) Taxable: MXN 500,000

ISR: MXN 60,049.40 + (MXN 500,000 − MXN 374,837.89) × 23.52% = MXN 60,049.40 + MXN 125,162.11 × 23.52% = MXN 60,049.40 + MXN 29,438.13 = MXN 89,487.53

Flag: Subcontractor paid MXN 120,000 — did Ricardo issue CFDI to subcontractor? If subcontractor has RFC and Andrés is acting as client, no issue. But if Ricardo paid as employer, IMSS and payroll taxes may apply.

Example 4 — HSBC México (CDMX, Consultant with Foreign Clients)

Bank: HSBC Advance statement Client: Laura Pérez, management consultant, CDMX, 40% of income from US clients (USD)

US client income: USD 24,000 → at SAT exchange rate (~MXN 17.50) = MXN 420,000 Note: No ISR retention made by US client. Laura must pay pagos provisionales on this income each month.

Domestic PJ income: MXN 280,000 (with 10% retention = MXN 28,000 withheld)

Total gross: MXN 700,000 Deducciones: MXN 95,000 Taxable: MXN 605,000

ISR: MXN 110,842.74 + (MXN 605,000 − MXN 590,796) × 30% = MXN 110,842.74 + MXN 4,261.20 = MXN 115,103.94

Foreign tax credit: If US withholding tax was paid, may credit against Mexican ISR (Art. 5 LISR). Flag for treaty review.

Example 5 — Banorte (Puebla, Physician)

Bank: Banorte statement Client: Dr. Martín Cruz, physician, Puebla, hospital PJ fees + private patients (PF)

Hospital PJ (CFDI emitidos): MXN 360,000; 10% ISR retenido = MXN 36,000 Private patients (PF — no retention): MXN 120,000 — pagos provisionales required

Total gross: MXN 480,000 Deductions: consulting room rent MXN 36,000, medical equipment depreciation MXN 24,000, professional insurance MXN 8,400, accounting MXN 18,000 = MXN 86,400

Taxable: MXN 480,000 − MXN 86,400 = MXN 393,600

ISR: MXN 60,049.40 + (MXN 393,600 − MXN 374,837.89) × 23.52% = MXN 60,049.40 + MXN 18,762.11 × 23.52% = MXN 60,049.40 + MXN 4,413.85 = MXN 64,463.25

Deducciones personales: gastos médicos propios MXN 12,000 + colegiaturas hijo MXN 8,900 = MXN 20,900 (reduces ISR ~ MXN 4,000 at marginal rate).

Example 6 — Nu México / Hey Banco (CDMX, Freelance Designer)

Bank: Nu México statement (digital bank) Client: Valentina Cruz, graphic designer, CDMX, multiple small PF clients + one PJ

Nu México narrations:

• Transferencia recibida de [client name] — PF clients
• SPEI recibido de EMPRESA X SA DE CV — PJ client

PF income (no retention): MXN 90,000 — pagos provisionales required monthly PJ income (10% retention): MXN 60,000; retention = MXN 6,000

Total gross: MXN 150,000 RESICO check: MXN 150,000 < MXN 3,500,000 → RESICO available RESICO rate at MXN 150,000: 1.00% RESICO ISR: MXN 150,000 × 1.00% = MXN 1,500

vs. Régimen General: Deductions ~MXN 20,000; taxable MXN 130,000 ISR (bracket MXN 133,536.08 at 16%): MXN 10,723.55 + (130,000 − 133,536 → below bracket; use MXN 75,984.56–133,536.07 at 10.88%): MXN 4,461.94 + (MXN 130,000 − MXN 75,984.56) × 10.88% = MXN 4,461.94 + MXN 5,872.61 = MXN 10,334.55 − retención MXN 6,000 = MXN 4,334.55

RESICO (MXN 1,500) significantly better → recommend RESICO (client must be formally enrolled).

Section 5 — Tier 1 Rules (Apply Directly)

T1-MX-1 — Always strip IVA before ISR computation Mexican professional services carry 16% IVA. All income and expense figures for ISR purposes must be ex-IVA (subtotal on CFDI). IVA is collected and remitted separately. Never include IVA in ISR base calculations.

T1-MX-2 — No CFDI = no deduction Under LISR, deductible expenses require a valid CFDI (Comprobante Fiscal Digital por Internet) from the supplier with the taxpayer's RFC. Cash payments > MXN 2,000 are explicitly non-deductible. Reject any expense claim without a CFDI.

T1-MX-3 — RESICO prohibits expense deductions RESICO applies a flat rate to gross income without any deductions. Never apply deducciones autorizadas to a RESICO taxpayer. The two regimes are mutually exclusive for the same activity in the same year.

T1-MX-4 — 10% ISR retenido is a credit, not income reduction Clients withholding 10% ISR on honorarios CFDI do not reduce the taxpayer's gross income — they reduce the final tax balance payable. Always gross up received amounts by the 10% retention to compute the income figure, then credit the retention against annual ISR.

T1-MX-5 — Meals deduction: 8.5% cap Restaurant consumption (consumos en restaurantes) deductible at only 8.5% of the CFDI amount (Art. 28 LISR). Apply 8.5% to all restaurant narrations where a CFDI exists. Never apply 100% to meals.

T1-MX-6 — Fuel: electronic payment mandatory Gasoline and diesel expenses are only deductible when paid electronically (CFDI with electronic payment method). Cash fuel purchases are explicitly disallowed. Apply zero deduction to any fuel expense that appears to be a cash purchase.

T1-MX-7 — Pagos provisionales are not deductible Monthly ISR advance payments made to SAT (línea de captura / complemento de pago) are not deductible expenses. They are credits against the annual tax balance.

Section 6 — Tier 2 Catalogue (Reviewer Judgement Required)

Section 7 — Excel Working Paper Template

MEXICAN ISR WORKING PAPER (PERSONA FÍSICA — ACTIVIDADES PROFESIONALES)
Taxpayer: _______________  RFC: _______________  FY: 2025

SECTION A — INCOME (INGRESOS COBRADOS, EX-IVA)
                                        MXN
Domestic PJ clients (CFDI issued):    ___________
Domestic PF clients (pagos provisionales): ________
Foreign income (converted at SAT rate): ___________
Platform payouts (grossed up, ex-IVA): ___________
TOTAL GROSS INCOME                     ___________

SECTION B — DEDUCCIONES AUTORIZADAS (LISR Art. 105)
(Only for Régimen General — NOT for RESICO)
Office rent (CFDI required):           ___________
Utilities (business proportion, CFDI): ___________
Phone/internet (%, CFDI):              ___________
Software subscriptions (CFDI):         ___________
Accounting/legal fees (CFDI):          ___________
Air travel (CFDI, business purpose):   ___________
Accommodation (CFDI):                  ___________
Restaurant meals (8.5% of CFDI):       ___________
Fuel (electronic payment only, CFDI):  ___________
Vehicle depreciation (to MXN 175k cap):___________
Training/CPD (CFDI):                   ___________
Office supplies (CFDI):                ___________
Bank commissions (CFDI):               ___________
Subcontractor payments (CFDI):         ___________
TOTAL DEDUCCIONES                      ___________

SECTION C — ISR BASE
Gross income − Deducciones             ___________

SECTION D — ISR CALCULATION (Régimen General)
ISR at bracket rates:                  ___________
RESICO check (if applicable):          ___________

SECTION E — TAX CREDITS
ISR retenido (10% by PJ clients):      (___________)
Pagos provisionales paid:              (___________)
ISR BALANCE DUE / (REFUND)             ___________

SECTION F — DEDUCCIONES PERSONALES (Declaración Anual)
Medical/dental/hospital (CFDI):        ___________
Medical insurance (CFDI):              ___________
Education/colegiaturas (CFDI):         ___________
Other personales:                      ___________
Cap check (15% of gross or 5 UMA):     ___________

SECTION G — REVIEWER FLAGS
[ ] IVA stripped from all income/expense figures?
[ ] CFDI verified for every deducción autorizada?
[ ] Cash fuel purchases excluded (non-deductible)?
[ ] Restaurant meals limited to 8.5%?
[ ] RESICO vs. Régimen General comparison done?
[ ] Retenciones certificates collected from all PJ clients?
[ ] Pagos provisionales reconciled vs. SAT account?
[ ] Foreign income converted at SAT publication rate?
[ ] CFDI de honorarios emitidos match total income?

Section 8 — Bank Statement Reading Guide

BBVA México

• Export: CSV/Excel via "Mis Finanzas" → "Descargar movimientos"
• Columns: Fecha;Concepto;Cargo;Abono;Saldo
• Amount format: no thousands separator, period decimal (varies) or comma depending on locale
• Date: DD/MM/YYYY
• SPEI credits: SPEI DE [RFC/name] [reference]; CoDi: CoDi COBRO

Santander México

• Export: CSV/PDF from Santander Online
• Columns: Fecha;Descripción;Monto;Saldo
• Positive Monto = credit; negative = debit (or separate columns)
• SPEI narrations: TRANSF SPEI DE [name]

Banamex (Citibanamex)

• Export: PDF or XLS from Banca en Línea
• Columns: Fecha;Descripción;Retiros;Depósitos;Saldo
• Deposits = credits; Retiros = debits

Banorte

• Export: CSV/Excel from Banorte En Línea
• Standard format: Fecha;Movimiento;Cargo;Abono;Saldo

HSBC México

• Export: CSV from HSBC Personal Banking portal
• Columns: Fecha;Descripción;Débitos;Créditos;Saldo

Nu México (Nubank México)

• Export: CSV from Nu app ("Movimientos" → export)
• Simple format: Fecha,Descripción,Valor
• Positive = credit; negative = debit; period decimal

Hey Banco / Clip / Konfio (digital banks)

• Export varies; typically CSV with Fecha;Concepto;Monto;Tipo (CARGO/ABONO)

CFDI Cross-Reference

Always cross-reference bank statement credits with CFDI de ingresos in SAT portal:

• SAT Portal: cfdiv4.sat.gob.mx → "Factura Electrónica" → "Consultar CFDI emitidos"
• Confirm total CFDI subtotals (ex-IVA) = bank statement gross receipts
• Gaps may indicate income received outside CFDI obligations

Section 9 — Onboarding Fallback

RESICO vs. Régimen General:

"Before I compute your ISR, I need to confirm which regime you are in: RESICO (Régimen Simplificado de Confianza) or Régimen de Actividades Empresariales y Profesionales (Régimen General). RESICO applies a flat rate to gross income (no expense deductions), while Régimen General allows deductions but uses higher rates. If your annual income is below MXN 3,500,000, both may be available. Check your RFC status on the SAT portal to confirm your current enrollment."

Missing CFDI:

"To deduct any expense under Mexican tax law, a valid CFDI (Comprobante Fiscal Digital por Internet) is mandatory. For each expense you want to deduct, please provide the CFDI PDF or XML. Without a CFDI, the expense cannot be included regardless of the bank statement entry. Cash payments above MXN 2,000 are specifically excluded by LISR."

No pagos provisionales:

"Personas físicas with actividades profesionales must make monthly advance ISR payments (pagos provisionales) by the 17th of each following month. Do you have confirmation of payments made on your SAT account? If payments were missed, we need to calculate the recargos (interest) and multas that apply. You can check your SAT account at satid.sat.gob.mx."

Foreign income:

"I see payments from foreign clients. These amounts must be: (1) converted to MXN at the SAT-published exchange rate for the date of each receipt, and (2) included in monthly pagos provisionales since the foreign payer does not withhold Mexican ISR. Do you have bank records showing the MXN equivalent received, or can you provide the dates and foreign currency amounts?"

Section 10 — Reference Material

Key Legislation

• LISR (Ley del Impuesto Sobre la Renta) — Mexican income tax law; Capítulo II (actividades empresariales y profesionales), Capítulo IX (RESICO)
• LISR Art. 28 — non-deductible expenses (meals cap, fuel rules, etc.)
• LISR Art. 105 — deductible expenses for professionals
• Resolución Miscelánea Fiscal 2025 — annual SAT administrative rules

Filing Deadlines 2025 (FY 2024)

Useful References

• SAT Portal: sat.gob.mx
• Mi Portal SAT: portalsat.plataforma.sat.gob.mx
• CFDI validation: verificacfdi.facturaelectronica.sat.gob.mx
• Exchange rates (SAT): sat.gob.mx/consultas/18038/consulta-de-tipo-de-cambio
• RESICO enrollment: sat.gob.mx → "Trámites" → "RFC y obligaciones"

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