Performing Cloud Native Threat Hunting With AWS Detective

Performing Cloud-Native Threat Hunting with AWS Detective

When to Use

Trigger phrases:

• "performing cloud native threat hunting with aws detective"
• "Help me with performing cloud native threat hunting with aws detective"

Use cases:

• When the task matches this skill's domain expertise

When NOT to use:

• For tasks outside this skill's scope

Overview

AWS Detective automatically collects and analyzes log data from AWS CloudTrail, VPC Flow Logs, GuardDuty findings, and EKS audit logs to build interactive behavior graphs. These graphs enable security analysts to investigate entities (IAM users, roles, IP addresses, EC2 instances) across time, identify anomalous API calls, detect lateral movement between accounts, and correlate GuardDuty findings into coherent attack narratives — all without manual log parsing.

Prerequisites

• AWS account with Detective enabled (requires GuardDuty active for 48+ hours)
• AWS CLI v2 configured with appropriate IAM permissions (detective:*, guardduty:List*)
• Python 3.9+ with boto3
• IAM policy: AmazonDetectiveFullAccess or custom policy with detective:SearchGraph, detective:GetInvestigation, detective:ListIndicators

Key Concepts

Steps

1. Inventory cloud assets — enumerate services, roles, and configurations in scope
2. Assess configurations — check against security best practices and CIS benchmarks
3. Test access controls — verify IAM policies, network ACLs, and security group rules
4. Validate logging — ensure audit trails are enabled and properly retained
5. Document and remediate — report findings with specific configuration changes needed

Step 1: List Available Behavior Graphs

aws detective list-graphs --output table

Step 2: Investigate a Suspicious IAM User

# Get entity profile for an IAM user
aws detective get-investigation \
  --graph-arn arn:aws:detective:us-east-1:123456789012:graph:a1b2c3d4 \
  --investigation-id 000000000000000000001

Step 3: Search Entities Programmatically

#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""Search AWS Detective for suspicious entities."""
import boto3
import json
from datetime import datetime, timedelta

detective = boto3.client('detective')

def list_behavior_graphs():
    """List all Detective behavior graphs."""
    response = detective.list_graphs()
    return response.get('GraphList', [])

def get_investigation_indicators(graph_arn, investigation_id, max_results=50):
    """Get indicators for a specific investigation."""
    response = detective.list_indicators(
        GraphArn=graph_arn,
        InvestigationId=investigation_id,
        MaxResults=max_results
    )
    return response.get('Indicators', [])

def investigate_guardduty_findings(graph_arn):
    """List high-severity investigations correlated by Detective."""
    response = detective.list_investigations(
        GraphArn=graph_arn,
        FilterCriteria={
            'Severity': {'Value': 'CRITICAL'},
            'Status': {'Value': 'RUNNING'}
        },
        MaxResults=20
    )

    for investigation in response.get('InvestigationDetails', []):
        print(f"Investigation: {investigation['InvestigationId']}")
        print(f"  Entity: {investigation['EntityArn']}")
        print(f"  Status: {investigation['Status']}")
        print(f"  Severity: {investigation['Severity']}")
        print(f"  Created: {investigation['CreatedTime']}")
        print()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    graphs = list_behavior_graphs()
    for graph in graphs:
        print(f"Graph: {graph['Arn']}")
        investigate_guardduty_findings(graph['Arn'])

Step 4: Analyze Finding Groups for Attack Campaigns

# List investigations with high severity
aws detective list-investigations \
  --graph-arn arn:aws:detective:us-east-1:123456789012:graph:a1b2c3d4 \
  --filter-criteria '{"Severity":{"Value":"HIGH"}}' \
  --max-results 10

Step 5: Check Entity Indicators

# Get indicators for a specific investigation
aws detective list-indicators \
  --graph-arn arn:aws:detective:us-east-1:123456789012:graph:a1b2c3d4 \
  --investigation-id 000000000000000000001 \
  --max-results 50

Expected Output

The list-investigations command returns investigation metadata:

{
  "InvestigationDetails": [
    {
      "InvestigationId": "000000000000000000001",
      "Severity": "CRITICAL",
      "Status": "RUNNING",
      "State": "ACTIVE",
      "EntityArn": "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:user/suspicious-user",
      "EntityType": "IAM_USER",
      "CreatedTime": "2026-03-15T14:30:00Z"
    }
  ]
}

Indicators are retrieved separately via list-indicators and include types such as TTP_OBSERVED, IMPOSSIBLE_TRAVEL, FLAGGED_IP_ADDRESS, NEW_GEOLOCATION, NEW_ASO, NEW_USER_AGENT, RELATED_FINDING, and RELATED_FINDING_GROUP.

Process

1. Reconnaissance — Gather target information, identify attack surface, enumerate services
2. Analysis/Exploitation — Execute the technique, analyze results, document findings
3. Reporting — Document IOCs, write findings, provide remediation recommendations

Verification

1. Confirm behavior graph has data: aws detective list-graphs returns non-empty list
2. Validate investigation results contain entity timelines with API call sequences
3. Cross-reference Detective findings with raw CloudTrail logs for accuracy
4. Verify finding group correlations match manual investigation conclusions
5. Confirm automated alerts trigger for HIGH/CRITICAL severity investigations

When NOT to Use

• You don't have explicit written authorization to test
• Task is about defense/detection, not offense (use detection skills)
• You need to implement security controls (use implementing-* skills)
• Task requires compliance auditing (use auditing-* skills)
• You're investigating an incident (use incident response skills)
• Target is out of scope for your engagement
• Task is about vulnerability scanning only (use scanning tools)

Red Flags

• Performing actions without explicit written authorization from the asset owner
• Testing against production systems without a defined scope and rules of engagement
• Modifying cloud IAM policies or security groups without approval
• Exposing cloud credentials or secrets in logs or reports
• Running scans that generate excessive API calls and trigger billing alerts

How to Use

This skill guides you through hunt for threats in aws environments using detective behavior graphs, entity investigation timelines, guardduty.

Quick Start:

1. Read the prerequisites and ensure your environment meets all requirements
2. Follow the workflow steps in order — each step builds on the previous one
3. Verify results at each checkpoint before proceeding to the next step

Best Practices:

• Use a dedicated test account or project to avoid production impact
• Set up billing alerts before running resource-intensive scans
• Review and revert any IAM or security group changes after testing

Anti-Rationalization Table