Cast Render

cast-render

Turn an existing asciicast .cast recording into publishable artifacts: a themed GIF (agg → gifsicle) and/or an MP4 (ffmpeg), sized for GitHub READMEs. All presentation decisions — trim, speed, idle caps, theme — happen at render time; the source cast is never modified.

When NOT to use

• No recording exists and the goal is a scripted demo → tape-demo.
• Capturing a session in the first place → cast-record.
• Secrets/paths in the recording → cast-redact (and do it before rendering — ask/check if the cast was scanned).
• Generic video editing (screen recordings, mov files) — this consumes asciicast only.

Workflow

1. Precondition: the cast is sanitized (cast-redact --scan exits clean) or contains nothing sensitive by construction.
2. Render the GIF (agg accepts asciicast v1, v2, and v3):

   agg --theme github-dark --font-size 16 --fps-cap 24 --idle-time-limit 3 demo.cast demo.gif
   

   • Pacing: --speed 1.5 (playback multiplier), --idle-time-limit N (cap dead air, default 5s), --last-frame-duration 3.
   • Trim at render time: --select 5..30s, --select 10%..90%, or marker-based --select marker:build..marker:test (times are on the adjusted timeline, after idle/speed).
   • Geometry: --cols 100 --rows 30 overrides the recorded size.
3. Optimize the GIF:

   gifsicle -O3 --lossy=80 --colors 128 demo.gif -o demo.opt.gif
   

   Report the final size; GitHub renders README images (incl. GIFs, which browsers autoplay/loop) up to the 10 MB image budget.
4. MP4 when asked (verified pipeline — ffmpeg cannot read .cast directly, so convert the rendered GIF):

   ffmpeg -i demo.gif -c:v libx264 -an -movflags +faststart -pix_fmt yuv420p \
     -vf "scale=trunc(iw/2)*2:trunc(ih/2)*2" demo.mp4
   

   yuv420p + even dimensions are required for broad player compatibility; +faststart moves metadata up for streaming; -an marks it explicitly audio-less. Verify: ffprobe -v error -select_streams v:0 -show_entries stream=codec_name,pix_fmt,width,height -of json demo.mp4 — expect h264, yuv420p, even dimensions. Note: a GIF-derived MP4 inherits the GIF's 256-color quantization — it wins on size/delivery, not color fidelity. For true-color MP4, render natively from a tape (tape-demo).
5. Embed guidance:
   • GIF: plain ![demo](docs/demo.gif) — autoplays inline.
   • MP4: upload as an attachment on github.com (drag into a README editor, issue, PR, or release) — renders as a click-to-play player. Limits: .mp4/.mov/.webm, 10 MB on free plans, 100 MB on paid.
   • Dark/light parity: render two GIFs with matching themes and serve via <picture><source media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" …> (officially supported on GitHub).
   • Git limits if committing artifacts: warning >50 MiB, block >100 MiB — never commit files that big; regenerate instead.

Theming (templateable look & feel)

• Neutral default: --theme github-dark. Built-ins: asciinema, dracula (agg's default), github-dark, github-light, gruvbox-dark, kanagawa, kanagawa-dragon, kanagawa-light, monokai, nord, solarized-dark, solarized-light.
• Project brand: comma-separated hex values (no #): --theme bg,fg,color0..color7[,color8..color15], e.g. --theme 29283b,b3b0d6,535178,ef6487,5eca89,fdd877,65aef7,aa7ff0,43c1be,ffffff. Same palette as a VHS JSON theme, flattened (tape-demo documents the VHS side of this contract).

Output spec

• Artifacts rendered from an unmodified, sanitized cast; sizes reported against the 10 MB README budget; MP4 (if produced) is yuv420p H.264 with even dimensions and faststart.

Gotchas

• agg embeds JetBrains Mono plus Noto emoji/CJK and Nerd Font symbols — no font installation needed; add custom fonts with --font-dir/--font-family.
• GIF is 256 colors/frame: rich palettes dither, and that quantization carries into any MP4 converted from the GIF. Counter with a lower --fps-cap and gifsicle --colors; for true-color video use a native MP4 render.
• --select ranges use the adjusted timeline (after --idle-time-limit and --speed) — trim after you've settled pacing.
• The recorded terminal size drives pixel size: a 200-col cast makes a huge, blurry-when-scaled GIF. Prefer re-rendering with --cols/--rows (or re-record at ~100×30).
• Markers (m events) enable semantic trims; add them at record time.
• agg is the successor to the deprecated asciicast2gif. Verified against agg 1.9.0; install via prebuilt binaries/brew install agg/ cargo install --git https://github.com/asciinema/agg.

Full flag list and source links: references/render-reference.md.