Brainstorming

Brainstorming Ideas Into Designs

Help turn ideas into fully formed designs and specs through natural collaborative dialogue.

Start by classifying how much process the request needs, then work through your path: understand the context, refine the idea, present a design, and get your human partner's approval.

Three Paths

Before your first question, classify the request and say the classification out loud — "this looks bounded, so I'll present a short design here rather than write a spec" — so your human partner can override it:

• Spike — a feasibility question ("can we...", "is it possible...", "quick and dirty is fine") whose output is an answer, not code you keep. Present the question and what you'll try in 2-3 sentences, get a nod, then find out as cheaply as correctness allows. No design doc, no spec file. Report findings as a recommendation; anything you built stays labeled throwaway.
• Bounded — a well-scoped change to code that already exists in this repo: a new flag, a small endpoint, a one-file fix. Understanding the kind of app is not enough — bounded means the flow you are changing is already here to read. If there is no existing flow to change, the task is not bounded. Ask the clarifying questions that matter, present a short design IN CHAT (a few sentences to a few short paragraphs), and STOP. Implementation starts only after your human partner says yes to that design — a bounded task's approval is as hard a gate as an architectural one. No spec file, no implementation plan document.
• Architectural — new projects, new subsystems, changes that restructure how components fit together or alter interfaces others depend on. Follow the full process: questions, approaches, sectioned design, written spec, then the writing-plans skill.

When in doubt between two paths, take the heavier one. The ratchet is one-way: hidden complexity discovered mid-task upgrades the path — stop, say so, and step up. Nothing downgrades mid-task.

Anti-Pattern: "Too Simple To Need Approval"

Every path ends with your human partner approving your intent before implementation. A todo list, a single-function utility, a config change — the design may be two sentences in chat, but you MUST present it and get approval. "Simple" tasks are where unexamined assumptions cause the most wasted work. What scales with simplicity is the artifact, never the approval.

Red Flags

Checklist

Classify first, announce the path, then create a task for each item on your path and complete them in order.

Spike:

1. Explore project context — enough to frame the probe
2. Present question + probe plan — 2-3 sentences
3. Get approval — a nod is enough
4. Investigate — as cheaply as correctness allows
5. Report findings — a recommendation; label anything built as throwaway

Bounded:

1. Explore project context — check files, docs, recent commits
2. Ask clarifying questions — one at a time, the ones that matter
3. Present short design in chat — approach, files touched, testing
4. Get approval — STOP and wait for an explicit yes; presenting the design and starting in the same breath is skipping the gate
5. Implement — proceed with the normal development workflow (TDD applies); no plan document

Architectural:

1. Ask clarifying questions — one at a time, understand purpose/constraints/success criteria sufficiently to focus repository discovery
2. Offer the visual companion just-in-time — NOT upfront. The first time a question would genuinely be clearer shown than described, offer it then (its own message); on approval its browser tab opens for you. If no visual question ever arises, never offer it. See the Visual Companion section below.
3. Invoke Explorer — use nla_task for a bounded read-only context report; NLA does not duplicate this repository exploration itself
4. Invoke Architect (required) — use nla_task with the clarified requirements and Explorer report; require 2-3 approaches, a recommendation, boundaries, interfaces, data flow, failure handling, testing, and risks
5. Discuss approaches and present design — NLA, not Architect, talks to the user; present sections scaled to their complexity and get user approval
6. Validate material revisions — invoke Architect again only if user choices or revisions materially changed boundaries, interfaces, data flow, dependencies, or major risks
7. Write design doc — save the approved design to docs/superpowers/specs/YYYY-MM-DD-<topic>-design.md and commit
8. Spec self-review — quick inline check for placeholders, contradictions, ambiguity, scope (see below)
9. User reviews written spec — ask user to review the spec file before proceeding
10. Transition to implementation — invoke writing-plans only when a successful Architect report exists and the written design is explicitly approved

Process Flow

digraph brainstorming {
    "Classify: spike / bounded / architectural" [shape=diamond];
    "Present question + probe (2-3 sentences)" [shape=box];
    "Ask clarifying questions (bounded)" [shape=box];
    "Present short design in chat" [shape=box];
    "Human approves?" [shape=diamond];
    "Investigate; report recommendation" [shape=doublecircle];
    "Implement via normal workflow (no plan doc)" [shape=doublecircle];
    "Ask clarifying questions" [shape=box];
    "Invoke Explorer via nla_task" [shape=box];
    "Invoke Architect via nla_task" [shape=box];
    "Architect validation needed?" [shape=diamond];
    "Validate revised design" [shape=box];
    "Present design sections" [shape=box];
    "User approves design?" [shape=diamond];
    "Write design doc" [shape=box];
    "Spec self-review\n(fix inline)" [shape=box];
    "User reviews spec?" [shape=diamond];
    "Invoke writing-plans skill" [shape=doublecircle];
    "Hidden complexity? Upgrade path" [shape=box];

    "Classify: spike / bounded / architectural" -> "Present question + probe (2-3 sentences)" [label="spike"];
    "Classify: spike / bounded / architectural" -> "Ask clarifying questions (bounded)" [label="bounded"];
    "Classify: spike / bounded / architectural" -> "Ask clarifying questions" [label="architectural"];
    "Present question + probe (2-3 sentences)" -> "Human approves?";
    "Ask clarifying questions (bounded)" -> "Present short design in chat";
    "Present short design in chat" -> "Human approves?";
    "Human approves?" -> "Investigate; report recommendation" [label="spike: yes"];
    "Human approves?" -> "Implement via normal workflow (no plan doc)" [label="bounded: yes"];
    "Hidden complexity? Upgrade path" -> "Classify: spike / bounded / architectural";
    "Ask clarifying questions" -> "Invoke Explorer via nla_task";
    "Invoke Explorer via nla_task" -> "Invoke Architect via nla_task";
    "Invoke Architect via nla_task" -> "Present design sections";
    "Present design sections" -> "User approves design?";
    "User approves design?" -> "Present design sections" [label="no, revise"];
    "User approves design?" -> "Architect validation needed?" [label="yes"];
    "Architect validation needed?" -> "Validate revised design" [label="yes"];
    "Validate revised design" -> "Present design sections" [label="corrections"];
    "Validate revised design" -> "Write design doc" [label="approved"];
    "Architect validation needed?" -> "Write design doc" [label="no"];
    "Write design doc" -> "Spec self-review\n(fix inline)";
    "Spec self-review\n(fix inline)" -> "User reviews spec?";
    "User reviews spec?" -> "Write design doc" [label="changes requested"];
    "User reviews spec?" -> "Invoke writing-plans skill" [label="approved"];
}

Terminal states are path-bound. Architectural: during brainstorming, the required Explorer and Architect calls are subagent tool calls, not implementation skills. The ONLY skill you invoke after brainstorming is writing-plans — never frontend-design, mcp-builder, or any other implementation skill. Bounded: after approval, implementation proceeds directly through the normal development workflow; no plan document. Spike: the terminal state is a reported recommendation.

The Process

The subsections below serve the bounded and architectural paths (a spike stops at "present the probe, get a nod"). Sections from Exploring approaches onward are architectural-path depth — for bounded work, context plus a few questions plus a short in-chat design is the whole process.

Understanding the idea:

• On the architectural path, clarify the goal and constraints first, then have Explorer inspect files, docs, and recent commits; do not duplicate Explorer's repository work in NLA
• Before asking detailed questions, assess scope: if the request describes multiple independent subsystems (e.g., "build a platform with chat, file storage, billing, and analytics"), flag this immediately. Don't spend questions refining details of a project that needs to be decomposed first.
• If the project is too large for a single spec, help the user decompose into sub-projects: what are the independent pieces, how do they relate, what order should they be built? Then brainstorm the first sub-project through the normal design flow. Each sub-project gets its own spec → plan → implementation cycle.
• For appropriately-scoped projects, ask questions one at a time to refine the idea
• Prefer multiple choice questions when possible, but open-ended is fine too
• Only one question per message - if a topic needs more exploration, break it into multiple questions
• Focus on understanding: purpose, constraints, success criteria

Exploring approaches:

• After clarifying requirements, dispatch Explorer with nla_task for the bounded facts the Architect needs
• Dispatch Architect with nla_task; raw task is forbidden because it bypasses the configured model pool
• Give Architect the clarified requirements, success criteria, constraints, and complete Explorer report
• Require Architect to propose 2-3 different approaches with trade-offs and a recommendation
• NLA presents the options conversationally with the recommendation and reasoning; Architect does not question the user directly
• Lead with your recommended option and explain why
• YAGNI ruthlessly - remove unnecessary features from every approach and design

Presenting the design:

• Once you believe you understand what you're building, present the design
• Scale each section to its complexity: a few sentences if straightforward, up to 200-300 words if nuanced
• Ask after each section whether it looks right so far
• Cover: architecture, components, data flow, error handling, testing
• Be ready to go back and clarify if something doesn't make sense

Design for isolation and clarity:

• Break the system into smaller units that each have one clear purpose, communicate through well-defined interfaces, and can be understood and tested independently
• For each unit, you should be able to answer: what does it do, how do you use it, and what does it depend on?
• Can someone understand what a unit does without reading its internals? Can you change the internals without breaking consumers? If not, the boundaries need work.
• Smaller, well-bounded units are also easier for you to work with - you reason better about code you can hold in context at once, and your edits are more reliable when files are focused. When a file grows large, that's often a signal that it's doing too much.

Working in existing codebases:

• Explore the current structure before proposing changes. Follow existing patterns.
• Where existing code has problems that affect the work (e.g., a file that's grown too large, unclear boundaries, tangled responsibilities), include targeted improvements as part of the design - the way a good developer improves code they're working in.
• Don't propose unrelated refactoring. Stay focused on what serves the current goal.

After the Design (architectural path)

Documentation:

• Write the validated design (spec) to docs/superpowers/specs/YYYY-MM-DD-<topic>-design.md
  • (User preferences for spec location override this default)
• Use elements-of-style:writing-clearly-and-concisely skill if available
• Commit the design document to git

Spec Self-Review: After writing the spec document, look at it with fresh eyes:

1. Placeholder scan: Any "TBD", "TODO", incomplete sections, or vague requirements? Fix them.
2. Internal consistency: Do any sections contradict each other? Does the architecture match the feature descriptions?
3. Scope check: Is this focused enough for a single implementation plan, or does it need decomposition?
4. Ambiguity check: Could any requirement be interpreted two different ways? If so, pick one and make it explicit.

Fix any issues inline. No need to re-review — just fix and move on.

User Review Gate: After the spec review loop passes, ask the user to review the written spec before proceeding:

"Spec written and committed to <path>. Please review it and let me know if you want to make any changes before we start writing out the implementation plan."

Wait for the user's response. If they request changes, make them and re-run the spec review loop. Only proceed once the user approves.

Implementation:

• HARD GATE: do not invoke writing-plans on the architectural path unless the session contains a successful Architect design report and explicit user approval of the resulting written design
• If the approved design materially differs from Architect's proposal in boundaries, interfaces, data flow, dependencies, or major risks, obtain an Architect validation report before writing-plans
• Invoke the writing-plans skill to create a detailed implementation plan
• Do NOT invoke any other skill. writing-plans is the next step.

Visual Companion

A browser-based companion for showing mockups, diagrams, and visual options during brainstorming. Available as a tool — not a mode. Accepting the companion means it's available for questions that benefit from visual treatment; it does NOT mean every question goes through the browser.

Offering the companion (just-in-time): Do NOT offer it upfront. Wait until a question would genuinely be clearer shown than told — a real mockup / layout / diagram question, not merely a UI topic. The first time that happens, offer it then, as its own message:

"This next part might be easier if I show you — I can put together mockups, diagrams, and comparisons in a browser tab as we go. It's still new and can be token-intensive. Want me to? I'll open it for you."

This offer MUST be its own message. Only the offer — no clarifying question, summary, or other content. Wait for the user's response. If they accept, start the server with --open so their browser opens to the first screen automatically. If they decline, continue text-only and don't offer again unless they raise it.

Per-question decision: Even after the user accepts, decide FOR EACH QUESTION whether to use the browser or the terminal. The test: would the user understand this better by seeing it than reading it?

• Use the browser for content that IS visual — mockups, wireframes, layout comparisons, architecture diagrams, side-by-side visual designs
• Use the terminal for content that is text — requirements questions, conceptual choices, tradeoff lists, A/B/C/D text options, scope decisions

A question about a UI topic is not automatically a visual question. "What does personality mean in this context?" is a conceptual question — use the terminal. "Which wizard layout works better?" is a visual question — use the browser.

If they agree to the companion, read the detailed guide before proceeding: skills/brainstorming/visual-companion.md