Port Conflict Resolution

Port Conflict Resolution

Overview

Patterns for resolving port conflicts when starting development servers. Check port availability, kill conflicting processes, and use fallback strategies.

Check Port Availability Before Starting Server

Pattern 1: Check Port Before Start

Verify port is available before starting server:

# Check if port is in use
lsof -i :3000

# If port is free, start server
if ! lsof -i :3000; then
  npm run dev
else
  echo "Port 3000 is in use"
fi

Pattern 2: Check Multiple Ports

Check common ports for availability:

# Check common ports
for port in 3000 5173 8080; do
  if ! lsof -i :$port; then
    echo "Port $port is available"
    break
  fi
done

Pattern 3: Port Detection Script

Create reusable script:

#!/bin/bash
# check-port.sh

PORT=${1:-3000}

if lsof -i :$PORT > /dev/null 2>&1; then
  echo "Port $PORT is in use"
  exit 1
else
  echo "Port $PORT is available"
  exit 0
fi

Kill Processes on Ports

Pattern 1: Kill Process by Port

Kill process using specific port:

# Find process using port
lsof -i :3000

# Kill process (replace PID with actual process ID)
kill -9 <PID>

# Or one-liner
lsof -ti :3000 | xargs kill -9

Pattern 2: Kill Safely

Check if it's a dev server before killing:

# Check process name
lsof -i :3000 | grep -i "node\|vite\|dev"

# Kill only if it's a dev server
lsof -ti :3000 | xargs -I {} sh -c 'ps -p {} -o comm= | grep -i "node\|vite" && kill -9 {}'

Pattern 3: Kill All Node Processes

Kill all node processes (use with caution):

# Kill all node processes
pkill -9 node

# Or more specific
pkill -9 -f "vite\|npm\|node.*dev"

Automatic Port Selection Strategies

Pattern 1: Try Ports Sequentially

Try ports in order until one is available:

# Try ports sequentially
for port in 3000 3001 3002 5173; do
  if ! lsof -i :$port; then
    PORT=$port npm run dev
    break
  fi
done

Pattern 2: Use Vite's Auto Port

Let Vite select available port:

// vite.config.ts
export default defineConfig({
  server: {
    port: 3000,
    strictPort: false, // Allow port selection
  },
});

Note: This makes port detection harder - check terminal output for actual port.

Pattern 3: Port Range

Try ports in range:

# Try ports 3000-3010
for port in {3000..3010}; do
  if ! lsof -i :$port; then
    PORT=$port npm run dev
    break
  fi
done

Fallback Port Ranges

Common Fallback Ports

Use these ports as fallbacks:

• 3000: Default for many projects
• 3001: First fallback
• 5173: Vite default
• 8080: Common alternative
• 4000: Another common choice

Pattern: Fallback Port Selection

# Try common ports
PORTS=(3000 3001 5173 8080 4000)

for port in "${PORTS[@]}"; do
  if ! lsof -i :$port; then
    PORT=$port npm run dev
    echo "Server started on port $port"
    break
  fi
done

Health Check Patterns

Pattern 1: Poll Server Health

Poll server until ready:

# Poll server health
for i in {1..10}; do
  if curl -s http://localhost:3000 > /dev/null; then
    echo "Server is ready"
    break
  fi
  sleep 2
done

Pattern 2: Check Health Endpoint

Check health endpoint (if available):

# Check health endpoint
curl -s http://localhost:3000/health

# Or check root
curl -s http://localhost:3000 | head -1

Pattern 3: Wait for Server Message

Wait for server ready message:

# Start server and wait for "Local:" message
npm run dev | grep -m 1 "Local:"

Complete Port Resolution Workflow

Workflow 1: Check and Start

# 1. Check if port is available
if lsof -i :3000; then
  echo "Port 3000 is in use"
  
  # 2. Try to kill process
  lsof -ti :3000 | xargs kill -9
  
  # 3. Wait a moment
  sleep 1
  
  # 4. Check again
  if lsof -i :3000; then
    echo "Failed to free port, trying alternative"
    PORT=3001 npm run dev
  else
    npm run dev
  fi
else
  npm run dev
fi

Workflow 2: Automatic Port Selection

# Try ports sequentially
PORTS=(3000 3001 5173 8080)

for port in "${PORTS[@]}"; do
  if ! lsof -i :$port; then
    PORT=$port npm run dev &
    SERVER_PID=$!
    
    # Wait for server to be ready
    for i in {1..10}; do
      if curl -s http://localhost:$port > /dev/null; then
        echo "Server started on port $port"
        break
      fi
      sleep 1
    done
    
    break
  fi
done

Best Practices

1. Check port before starting: Avoid conflicts
2. Kill old dev servers: Free up ports
3. Use fallback ports: Have alternatives ready
4. Poll for server health: Verify server is ready
5. Document port usage: Note which port is used

Resources

• dev-server-port-detection skill - Port discovery patterns
• vite-agent skill - Vite configuration
• pre-flight-checklist skill - Environment validation