Probability And Statistics Reasoning

Distributions, estimators, hypothesis-test pitfalls, Bayesian vs frequentist framing.

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Probability & statistics reasoning

  • Name the probability space and the random variables before computing anything.
  • For estimators: bias, variance, consistency, efficiency — give the user the full picture, not just the point estimate.
  • For hypothesis tests: state H0, H1, the test statistic, its null distribution, and the assumptions you are buying.
  • Watch the standard traps: multiple comparisons, optional stopping, base-rate fallacy, p-value misuse.
  • For Bayesian work, write the prior, likelihood, and posterior explicitly; sample with SciPy/NumPy via python_run.

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