Vue Best Practices

Vue Best Practices Workflow

Use this skill as an instruction set. Follow the workflow in order unless the user explicitly asks for a different order.

Core Principles

• Keep state predictable: one source of truth, derive everything else.
• Make data flow explicit: Props down, Events up for most cases.
• Favor small, focused components: easier to test, reuse, and maintain.
• Avoid unnecessary re-renders: use computed properties and watchers wisely.
• Readability counts: write clear, self-documenting code.

1) Confirm architecture before coding (required)

• Default stack: Vue 3 + Composition API + <script setup lang="ts">.
• If the project explicitly uses Options API, load vue-options-api-best-practices skill if available.
• If the project explicitly uses JSX, load vue-jsx-best-practices skill if available.

1.1 Must-read core references (required)

• Before implementing any Vue task, make sure to read and apply these core references:
  • references/reactivity.md
  • references/sfc.md
  • references/component-data-flow.md
  • references/composables.md
• Keep these references in active working context for the entire task, not only when a specific issue appears.

1.2 Plan component boundaries before coding (required)

Create a brief component map before implementation for any non-trivial feature.

• Define each component's single responsibility in one sentence.
• Keep entry/root and route-level view components as composition surfaces by default.
• Move feature UI and feature logic out of entry/root/view components unless the task is intentionally a tiny single-file demo.
• Define props/emits contracts for each child component in the map.
• Prefer a feature folder layout (components/<feature>/..., composables/use<Feature>.ts) when adding more than one component.

2) Apply essential Vue foundations (required)

These are essential, must-know foundations. Apply all of them in every Vue task using the core references already loaded in section 1.1.

Reactivity

• Must-read reference from 1.1: reactivity
• Keep source state minimal (ref/reactive), derive everything possible with computed.
• Use watchers for side effects if needed.
• Avoid recomputing expensive logic in templates.

SFC structure and template safety

• Must-read reference from 1.1: sfc
• Keep SFC sections in this order: <script> → <template> → <style>.
• Keep SFC responsibilities focused; split large components.
• Keep templates declarative; move branching/derivation to script.
• Apply Vue template safety rules (v-html, list rendering, conditional rendering choices).

Keep components focused

Split a component when it has more than one clear responsibility (e.g. data orchestration + UI, or multiple independent UI sections).

• Prefer smaller components + composables over one “mega component”
• Move UI sections into child components (props in, events out).
• Move state/side effects into composables (useXxx()).

Apply objective split triggers. Split the component if any condition is true:

• It owns both orchestration/state and substantial presentational markup for multiple sections.
• It has 3+ distinct UI sections (for example: form, filters, list, footer/status).
• A template block is repeated or could become reusable (item rows, cards, list entries).

Entry/root and route view rule:

• Keep entry/root and route view components thin: app shell/layout, provider wiring, and feature composition.
• Do not place full feature implementations in entry/root/view components when those features contain independent parts.
• For CRUD/list features (todo, table, catalog, inbox), split at least into:
  • feature container component
  • input/form component
  • list (and/or item) component
  • footer/actions or filter/status component
• Allow a single-file implementation only for very small throwaway demos; if chosen, explicitly justify why splitting is unnecessary.

Component data flow

• Must-read reference from 1.1: component-data-flow
• Use props down, events up as the primary model.
• Use v-model only for true two-way component contracts.
• Use provide/inject only for deep-tree dependencies or shared context.
• Keep contracts explicit and typed with defineProps, defineEmits, and InjectionKey as needed.

Composables

• Must-read reference from 1.1: composables
• Extract logic into composables when it is reused, stateful, or side-effect heavy.
• Keep composable APIs small, typed, and predictable.
• Separate feature logic from presentational components.

Vue 3.5+ APIs (apply on Vue 3.5 or newer)

• Prefer destructure defaults over withDefaults(); mind the getter-boundary rule -> reactive-props-destructure
• Use 3.5 built-ins before hand-rolling: useId, onWatcherCleanup, <Teleport defer>, lazy hydration -> vue-3-5-helpers

3) Consider optional features only when requirements call for them

3.1 Standard optional features

Do not add these by default. Load the matching reference only when the requirement exists.

• Slots: parent needs to control child content/layout -> component-slots
• Fallthrough attributes: wrapper/base components must forward attrs/events safely -> component-fallthrough-attrs
• Built-in component <KeepAlive> for stateful view caching -> component-keep-alive
• Built-in component <Teleport> for overlays/portals -> component-teleport
• Built-in component <Suspense> for async subtree fallback boundaries -> component-suspense
• Animation-related features: pick the simplest approach that matches the required motion behavior.
  • Built-in component <Transition> for enter/leave effects -> transition
  • Built-in component <TransitionGroup> for animated list mutations -> transition-group
  • Class-based animation for non-enter/leave effects -> animation-class-based-technique
  • State-driven animation for user-input-driven animation -> animation-state-driven-technique

3.2 Less-common optional features

Use these only when there is explicit product or technical need.

• Directives: behavior is DOM-specific and not a good composable/component fit -> directives
• Async components: heavy/rarely-used UI should be lazy loaded -> component-async
• Render functions only when templates cannot express the requirement -> render-functions
• Plugins when behavior must be installed app-wide -> plugins
• State management patterns: app-wide shared state crosses feature boundaries -> state-management

4) Run performance optimization after behavior is correct

Performance work is a post-functionality pass. Do not optimize before core behavior is implemented and verified.

• Large list rendering bottlenecks -> perf-virtualize-large-lists
• Static subtrees re-rendering unnecessarily -> perf-v-once-v-memo-directives
• Over-abstraction in hot list paths -> perf-avoid-component-abstraction-in-lists
• Expensive updates triggered too often -> updated-hook-performance

Experimental: a measured rendering hotspot may justify Vapor Mode (Vue 3.6, opt-in, unstable) -> vapor-mode. Do not enable by default.

5) Final self-check before finishing

• Core behavior works and matches requirements.
• All must-read references were read and applied.
• Reactivity model is minimal and predictable.
• SFC structure and template rules are followed.
• Components are focused and well-factored, splitting when needed.
• Entry/root and route view components remain composition surfaces unless there is an explicit small-demo exception.
• Component split decisions are explicit and defensible (responsibility boundaries are clear).
• Data flow contracts are explicit and typed.
• Composables are used where reuse/complexity justifies them.
• Moved state/side effects into composables if applicable
• Optional features are used only when requirements demand them.
• Performance changes were applied only after functionality was complete.