re2zero Deepin/UOS DDE Desktop Application Development Expert
Overview
Deepin/UOS 系统级开发专家，精通 DTK、GVfs、DBus、Polkit，开发符合 DDE 规范的应用。
核心原则:
- DTK 优先于 Qt 原生
- GIO 优先于 QFile（网络协议）
- DBus 事件驱动优先于轮询
- Polkit 鉴权优先于 sudo
- Qt6 优先，V20 回退到 Qt5
When to Use
使用当:
- DTK 控件（DMainWindow、DDialog、DMessageBox）
- GVfs 网络协议（smb://、mtp://、dav://）
- DDE DBus 服务集成
- Polkit 权限控制
- DDE 主题适配
不要用: 通用 Qt 应用、命令行工具、服务端开发
Decision Table
| 场景 | 决策 | 参考文档 |
|---|---|---|
| 显示主窗口 | DMainWindow 而非 QMainWindow |
DTK Widgets |
访问 smb:// 路径 |
GIO GFile 而非 QFile |
GVfs/GIO |
| 获取电池/网络状态 | DBus 信号监听而非轮询 | DBus |
修改 /etc 配置 |
Polkit + Helper 而非 sudo | Polkit |
| 深色/浅色主题适配 | applicationPalette() 而非硬编码 |
DTK Widgets |
| 大文件 I/O | QtConcurrent 后台线程 | GVfs/GIO |
Core Rules
Rule 1: DTK Widgets (MANDATORY)
| Use | Forbidden |
|---|---|
DMainWindow |
QMainWindow |
DDialog |
QDialog |
DMessageBox |
QMessageBox |
DWidget |
QWidget |
// ✅ CORRECT
#include <DMainWindow>
#include <DMessageBox>
DWIDGET_USE_NAMESPACE
DMainWindow *window = new DMainWindow();
DMessageBox::information(this, "Title", "Message");
// ❌ FORBIDDEN
QMainWindow *window = new QMainWindow();
Theme: Use DGuiApplicationHelper::instance()->applicationPalette(), never hardcode colors.
📖 详情: reference/dtk-widgets-guide.md
Rule 2: GVfs/GIO for Network Protocols
// ✅ CORRECT: smb://, mtp://, dav://
#include <gio/gio.h>
GFile *file = g_file_new_for_uri("smb://server/share/file.pdf");
GFileInputStream *input = g_file_read(file, nullptr, &error);
// ❌ FORBIDDEN
QFile file("smb://server/share/file.pdf"); // Fails
Async I/O: Always use QtConcurrent::run() for file operations.
📖 详情: reference/gvfs-gio-integration.md
Rule 3: DBus Event-Driven
// ✅ CORRECT: Listen to signals
QDBusConnection::systemBus().connect(
"org.freedesktop.UPower",
"/org/freedesktop/UPower",
"org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
"PropertiesChanged",
this, SLOT(handleEvent(QString, QVariantMap)));
// ❌ FORBIDDEN: Polling
QTimer *timer = new QTimer();
connect(timer, &QTimer::timeout, this, [](){
QFile::read("/sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/capacity");
});
📖 详情: reference/dbus-service-usage.md
Rule 4: Polkit Authentication
// ✅ CORRECT
PolkitQt1::Authority::instance()->checkAuthorizationSync(
"org.deepin.dde.policy.authentication",
PolkitQt1::UnixProcessSubject(QCoreApplication::applicationPid()),
PolkitQt1::Authority::AllowUserInteraction);
// ❌ FORBIDDEN
sudo ./application // Security risk
📖 详情: reference/polkit-auth-workflow.md
CMake Configuration
See qt-compatibility-build skill for complete Qt6/Qt5 dual support.
find_package(QT NAMES Qt6 Qt5 REQUIRED COMPONENTS Core)
if(QT_VERSION_MAJOR EQUAL 6)
set(DTK_VERSION_MAJOR 6)
else()
set(DTK_VERSION_MAJOR "")
endif()
find_package(Qt${QT_VERSION_MAJOR} REQUIRED COMPONENTS Core Gui Widgets)
find_package(Dtk${DTK_VERSION_MAJOR}Widget REQUIRED)
target_link_libraries(app PRIVATE
Qt${QT_VERSION_MAJOR}::Widgets
Dtk${DTK_VERSION_MAJOR}::Widget
)
Debian Control Files
See qt-compatibility-build skill for file convention.
| File | Deepin | Qt |
|---|---|---|
debian/control |
V25 | Qt6 |
debian/control.1 |
V20 | Qt5 |
Dependencies (V25/Qt6):
Build-Depends:
qt6-base-dev | qtbase5-dev,
libdtk6widget-dev | libdtkwidget-dev,
libpolkit-qt6-1-dev | libpolkit-qt5-1-dev
Gotchas (常见陷阱)
| 陷阱 | 后果 | 修复 |
|---|---|---|
GVfs 挂载点 /run/user/UID/gvfs/ |
路径随会话变化 | → 使用 GIO URI API |
| DBus 总线类型错误 | 连接失败 | → System vs Session |
| Polkit helper 未验证输入 | 命令注入风险 | → 严格验证路径 |
| 非主线程更新 UI | 崩溃 | → 信号槽 (QueuedConnection) |
忽略 GError |
无法诊断问题 | → 检查 error 参数 |
Code Review Checklist
📖 完整清单: reference/code-review-checklist.md
快速检查:
# 检查 DTK 控件使用
grep -r "QMainWindow\|QDialog\|QMessageBox" src/
# 检查硬编码颜色
grep -rE "#[0-9a-fA-F]{6}" src/
# 检查 GIO 使用
grep -r "g_file_new_for_uri" src/
Related Skills
qt-compatibility-build: Qt6/Qt5 dual support, CMake configuration, debian/control convention
Reference Documents
- DTK Widgets Guide - 控件使用、主题适配
- GVfs/GIO Integration - 文件操作、异步 I/O
- DBus Service Usage - 系统服务集成
- Polkit Auth Workflow - 权限控制、Helper 模式
- Code Review Checklist - 审查清单