revfactory Logical Fallacy Detector — Logical Fallacy Detection Tool
A specialized skill that enhances the judge and rapporteur agents' argument evaluation capabilities.
Target Agents
- judge — Argument evaluation, logical fallacy identification
- rapporteur — Include logic quality analysis in comprehensive reports
Major Logical Fallacy Classification
A. Relevance Fallacies
| Fallacy | Definition | Debate Example | How to Call It Out |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ad Hominem | Attacking the person instead of the argument | "Someone without experience has no valid opinion" | "Please evaluate the argument itself" |
| Appeal to Authority | Citing authorities outside their expertise | "A famous actor said so too" | "Do they have expertise in this field?" |
| Appeal to Popularity | Majority opinion = correct | "80% agree, so it must be right" | "Does majority opinion equal validity?" |
| Tu Quoque | "You do it too" as rebuttal | "You have the same problem" | "Your behavior does not invalidate the argument" |
| Straw Man | Distorting the opponent's claim to rebut it | "The opponent wants to eliminate all regulation" | "Please quote the original claim accurately" |
B. Causal Fallacies
| Fallacy | Definition | Example | How to Call It Out |
|---|---|---|---|
| Post Hoc | Temporal sequence = causation | "Crime dropped after the policy -> policy caused it" | "What about other variables?" |
| Correlation = Causation | Mistaking correlation for causation | "Ice cream sales up -> crime up" | "Have you considered a third variable (weather)?" |
| Slippery Slope | Assuming extreme consequences | "Allowing this will inevitably lead to ~" | "Please prove the probability of each step" |
C. Structural Fallacies
| Fallacy | Definition | Example | How to Call It Out |
|---|---|---|---|
| False Dilemma | Limiting options to only 2 | "Either for or against, nothing else" | "Isn't there a third alternative?" |
| Circular Reasoning | Premise presupposes the conclusion | "This is right because it is right" | "Please provide independent evidence" |
| Hasty Generalization | Generalizing from insufficient cases | "One case was like this, so all are" | "Is the sample sufficient?" |
| False Analogy | Comparing fundamentally dissimilar things | "A national economy is like a household budget" | "What are the key differences between the two?" |
| Red Herring | Diverting to an unrelated topic | Presenting an emotional case unrelated to the topic | "Let's return to the original point" |
D. Evidence Fallacies
| Fallacy | Definition | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Cherry Picking | Selecting only favorable data | Citing only success cases from certain countries |
| Appeal to Ignorance | No disproof = true | "There's no counter-evidence, so it must be true" |
| Inadequate Sample | Citing biased samples | Surveys with only voluntary participants |
Judge Evaluation Rubric (Logic Quality)
Argument Soundness Assessment Matrix
| Criterion | 1-20 pts | 21-40 pts | 41-60 pts | 61-80 pts | 81-100 pts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Logical consistency | Multiple fallacies | 3-4 fallacies | 1-2 fallacies | Generally sound | Airtight logic |
| Evidence quality | No evidence | Weak evidence | Standard evidence | Quality evidence | Academic evidence |
| Rebuttal effectiveness | No rebuttal | Superficial rebuttal | Partial rebuttal | Effective rebuttal | Complete dismantling |
| Staying on point | Frequent digressions | Occasional digressions | Generally on topic | Mostly on topic | Perfectly on topic |
Fallacy Penalty Standards
| Severity | Penalty | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Minor | -2 pts | Slight exaggeration, unclear source |
| Moderate | -5 pts | Hasty generalization, weak analogy |
| Serious | -10 pts | Straw man attack, false dilemma |
| Critical | -15 pts | Circular reasoning, data manipulation |
Fallacy Identification Expression Guide (for judge)
Point out accurately while maintaining respect:
"In the [side] debater's [Nth] argument, a [fallacy name] fallacy is observed.
Specifically, [quotation]; this constitutes [explanation of why it is fallacious].
To improve this, [direction for improvement] would be needed."