AI Music Generation
Overview
Two open-source AI music generation frameworks, each with different strengths:
| Framework | Best for | Output | License |
|---|---|---|---|
| AudioCraft (Meta) | Text-to-music, text-to-sound, melody conditioning, audio codec | WAV/MP3, 32/16kHz | MIT |
| HeartMuLa | Lyrics+tags → full songs, Suno-like, multilingual | MP3, 48kHz stereo | Apache-2.0 |
Decision:
- AudioCraft when you need text prompts only, sound effects, melody conditioning, or stereo audio infrastructure
- HeartMuLa when you have specific lyrics and want a full song with tags (like Suno)
Section A: AudioCraft (MusicGen / AudioGen / EnCodec)
Quick Start
pip install audiocraft
# Or via HuggingFace transformers:
pip install transformers torch torchaudio
Text-to-Music (MusicGen)
import torchaudio
from audiocraft.models import MusicGen
model = MusicGen.get_pretrained('facebook/musicgen-medium')
model.set_generation_params(duration=8, top_k=250, temperature=1.0)
wav = model.generate(["happy upbeat electronic dance music"])
torchaudio.save("output.wav", wav[0].cpu(), sample_rate=32000)
Using HuggingFace Transformers:
from transformers import AutoProcessor, MusicgenForConditionalGeneration
import scipy
processor = AutoProcessor.from_pretrained("facebook/musicgen-small")
model = MusicgenForConditionalGeneration.from_pretrained("facebook/musicgen-small").to("cuda")
inputs = processor(text=["80s pop with bassy drums"], padding=True, return_tensors="pt").to("cuda")
audio_values = model.generate(**inputs, do_sample=True, guidance_scale=3, max_new_tokens=256)
scipy.io.wavfile.write("output.wav", rate=model.config.audio_encoder.sampling_rate, data=audio_values[0, 0].cpu().numpy())
Model Variants
| Model | Size | Use Case |
|---|---|---|
musicgen-small |
300M | Quick generation |
musicgen-medium |
1.5B | Balanced quality/speed |
musicgen-large |
3.3B | Best quality |
musicgen-melody |
1.5B | Melody conditioning |
musicgen-stereo-* |
Varies | Stereo output |
musicgen-style |
1.5B | Style transfer |
audiogen-medium |
1.5B | Sound effects |
Melody-Conditioned Generation
model = MusicGen.get_pretrained('facebook/musicgen-melody')
model.set_generation_params(duration=30)
melody, sr = torchaudio.load("melody.wav")
wav = model.generate_with_chroma(["acoustic guitar folk song"], melody, sr)
torchaudio.save("output.wav", wav[0].cpu(), sample_rate=32000)
Text-to-Sound (AudioGen)
from audiocraft.models import AudioGen
model = AudioGen.get_pretrained('facebook/audiogen-medium')
model.set_generation_params(duration=5)
wav = model.generate(["dog barking in park with birds chirping"])
torchaudio.save("sound.wav", wav[0].cpu(), sample_rate=16000)
GPU Memory Requirements
| Model | FP32 | FP16 |
|---|---|---|
| musicgen-small | ~4GB | ~2GB |
| musicgen-medium | ~8GB | ~4GB |
| musicgen-large | ~16GB | ~8GB |
Section B: HeartMuLa
Hardware minimum: 8GB VRAM (--lazy_load true), recommended 16GB+.
Installation
git clone https://github.com/HeartMuLa/heartlib.git
cd heartlib
uv venv --python 3.10 .venv
. .venv/bin/activate
uv pip install -e .
# Fix dependency conflicts
uv pip install --upgrade datasets transformers
Patch Source Code
Patch 1 — In src/heartlib/heartmula/modeling_heartmula.py, in setup_caches, add RoPE reinitialization after reset_caches:
from torchtune.models.llama3_1._position_embeddings import Llama3ScaledRoPE
for module in self.modules():
if isinstance(module, Llama3ScaledRoPE) and not module.is_cache_built:
module.rope_init()
module.to(device)
Patch 2 — In src/heartlib/pipelines/music_generation.py, add ignore_mismatched_sizes=True to all HeartCodec.from_pretrained() calls.
Download Checkpoints
cd heartlib
hf download --local-dir './ckpt' 'HeartMuLa/HeartMuLaGen'
hf download --local-dir './ckpt/HeartMuLa-oss-3B' 'HeartMuLa/HeartMuLa-oss-3B-happy-new-year'
hf download --local-dir './ckpt/HeartCodec-oss' 'HeartMuLa/HeartCodec-oss-20260123'
Generate Music
. .venv/bin/activate
python ./examples/run_music_generation.py \
--model_path=./ckpt --version="3B" \
--lyrics="./assets/lyrics.txt" --tags="./assets/tags.txt" \
--save_path="./assets/output.mp3" --lazy_load true
Tags format: comma-separated, no spaces: piano,happy,wedding,synthesizer
Lyrics format: use bracketed structural tags: [Verse], [Chorus], [Bridge], [Outro]
Key Parameters
| Parameter | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|
--max_audio_length_ms |
240000 | Max length in ms (240s = 4 min) |
--topk |
50 | Top-k sampling |
--temperature |
1.0 | Sampling temperature |
--cfg_scale |
1.5 | Classifier-free guidance scale |
--lazy_load |
false | Load/unload models on demand |
Pitfalls
- Do NOT use bf16 for HeartCodec — degrades audio quality
- Tags may be ignored — lyrics tend to dominate
- Triton not available on macOS — Linux/CUDA only
- No GPU → extremely slow on CPU (30-60+ min per song)
- RTX 5080 incompatibility reported upstream