Test Automation

Test Automation

Test Pyramid

      /\
     /E2E\        <- Few, slow, expensive
    /------\
   /Integration\  <- Some, medium speed
  /--------------\
 /   Unit Tests   \ <- Many, fast, cheap
/------------------\

Test Types

Automation Framework Selection

Considerations

• Language compatibility
• Community support
• CI/CD integration
• Reporting capabilities
• Maintenance burden

Common Frameworks

• Unit: Jest, Pytest, JUnit
• Integration: Supertest, TestContainers
• E2E: Playwright, Cypress, Selenium
• API: Postman, REST Assured

Test Design Principles

FIRST

• Fast — Tests run quickly
• Independent — No dependencies between tests
• Repeatable — Same result every time
• Self-validating — Pass or fail, no interpretation
• Timely — Written alongside code

AAA Pattern

def test_example():
    # Arrange - Set up test data
    user = create_test_user()
    
    # Act - Perform the action
    result = login(user.email, user.password)
    
    # Assert - Verify the outcome
    assert result.success == True

Flaky Test Management

Causes

• Timing/race conditions
• Shared state
• External dependencies
• Environment differences

Solutions

• Add explicit waits
• Isolate test data
• Mock external services
• Use test containers

Test Data Management

• Factory patterns — Generate test data
• Fixtures — Reusable setup
• Seeding — Consistent database state
• Cleanup — Reset after tests