Sap Fiori Analytical Chart

SAP Fiori Analytical Chart

Purpose

Add analytical chart + table (hybrid view) to visualize aggregated data.

MANDATORY: Gather Required Inputs First

STOP and ASK the user for ALL of these inputs if ANY are missing from the prompt:

1. Entity - Which entity to add the analytical chart to
2. Dimension field - The field to group by (e.g., Category, Status, Destination)
3. Measure field - The numeric field to aggregate (e.g., Amount, TotalPrice, ReservationPrice)
4. Aggregation method - How to aggregate (see valid values below)
5. Chart type - Bar, Column, Line, Pie, HeatMap, Waterfall, HorizontalWaterfall
6. Display mode - How the chart should be shown:
   • Separate tabs (Approach 2)
   • Hybrid view (Approach 1)

DO NOT proceed with implementation until all inputs are confirmed.

CAP Implementation

Enable Aggregation

@Aggregation.ApplySupported: {
  Transformations: ['aggregate','groupby'],
  AggregatableProperties: [{Property: Amount}],
  GroupableProperties: [Category]
}

Aggregated Property

Analytics.AggregatedProperty #Amount_avg: {
  Name: 'Amount_avg',
  AggregatableProperty: Amount,
  AggregationMethod: 'average',
  ![@Common.Label]: 'Average Amount'
}

Valid AggregationMethod values (lowercase string):

• sum - Sum of the non-null values
• min - Smallest of the non-null values
• max - Largest of the non-null values
• average - Sum of non-null values divided by count of non-null values
• countdistinct - Count of distinct values, omitting null values

⚠️ CRITICAL: Must be a lowercase string (e.g., 'sum'), NOT an enum (e.g., #SUM). Using an enum will cause SQL generation errors.

Chart

UI.Chart #AnalyticalChart: {
  $Type: 'UI.ChartDefinitionType',
  Title: 'Chart Title',
  ChartType: #Column,
  Dimensions: [Category],
  DynamicMeasures: ['@Analytics.AggregatedProperty#Amount_avg'],
  MeasureAttributes: [{
    $Type: 'UI.ChartMeasureAttributeType',
    DynamicMeasure: '@Analytics.AggregatedProperty#Amount_avg',
    Role: #Axis1
  }],
  DimensionAttributes: [{
    $Type: 'UI.ChartDimensionAttributeType',
    Dimension: Category,
    Role: #Category
  }]
},
UI.PresentationVariant #ChartView: {
  $Type: 'UI.PresentationVariantType',
  Text: 'Chart View',
  Visualizations: ['@UI.Chart#AnalyticalChart']
},
UI.PresentationVariant #TableView: {
  $Type: 'UI.PresentationVariantType',
  Text: 'Table View',
  Visualizations: ['@UI.LineItem']
}

✅ Uses DynamicMeasures

ABAP RAP Implementation (2 Steps + Manifest Configuration)

CRITICAL: NEVER EDIT metadata.xml - IT IS READ-ONLY!

⚠️ PRE-FLIGHT CHECKLIST - Verify BEFORE Implementation

Missing ANY of these will cause the app to fail/not load:

• @OData.applySupportedForAggregation: #FULL on projection view (ZC_*)
• @Aggregation.default: #AVG (or #SUM, #MIN, #MAX) on measure field
• @UI.chart annotation with correct qualifier in metadata extension
• Manifest targets.<ListReport>.options.settings.views.paths configuration
• All CDS objects activated

1. Backend Projection View (MANDATORY) - Enable Aggregation Support

⚠️ CRITICAL: @OData.applySupportedForAggregation annotation is MANDATORY

WITHOUT this annotation:

• OData service will NOT support aggregation
• App will FAIL TO LOAD (blank screen/errors)
• Chart annotations will be ignored

Placement:

• ✅ MUST be on PROJECTION view (ZC_* or ZZZC_*) with TRANSACTIONAL_QUERY contract
• ❌ NOT on interface view (ZR_* or ZZZR_*)

CORRECT Example:

@OData.applySupportedForAggregation: #FULL  ← MANDATORY! Must be present!
define root view entity ZC_ENTITY
  provider contract TRANSACTIONAL_QUERY
  as projection on ZR_ENTITY
{
  @Aggregation.default: #AVG  ← Specify aggregation method for measure
  Amount;
  Category;  ← Dimension field (no aggregation annotation needed)
}

WRONG Example:

// ❌ WRONG - Don't put on interface view
@OData.applySupportedForAggregation: #FULL  ← WRONG PLACE!
define root view entity ZR_ENTITY
  as select from TABLE

2. Backend Metadata Extension (MANDATORY) - Add Chart, PresentationVariant Annotations

@UI.chart: [{
  qualifier: 'AnalyticalChart',
  title: 'Chart Title',
  description: 'Chart description',
  chartType: #COLUMN,
  dimensions: ['Category'],
  measures: ['Amount'],
  dimensionAttributes: [{
    dimension: 'Category',
    role: #CATEGORY
  }],
  measureAttributes: [{
    measure: 'Amount',
    role: #AXIS_1
  }]
}]
@UI.presentationVariant: [{
  qualifier: 'ChartView',
  text: 'Chart View',
  visualizations: [{
    type: #AS_CHART,
    qualifier: 'AnalyticalChart'
  }]
},
{
  qualifier: 'TableView',
  text: 'Table View',
  visualizations: [{
    type: #AS_LINEITEM
  }]
}]
annotate view ZC_ENTITY with
{
  // Other field annotations...
  @EndUserText.label: 'Amount'
  Amount;
  
  @EndUserText.label: 'Category'
  Category;
}

Manifest Configuration (Common for CAP and RAP)

Approach 1: Hybrid View (Chart + Table Together)

Manifest:

"targets": {
  "<ListReport>": {  // Replace with your actual List Report target name
    "type": "Component",
    "name": "sap.fe.templates.ListReport",
    "options": {
      "settings": {
        "contextPath": "/<YourEntity>",  // Replace with your entity set path
        "views": {
          "paths": [
            {
              "primary": [
                { "annotationPath": "com.sap.vocabularies.UI.v1.Chart#AnalyticalChart" }
              ],
              "secondary": [
                { "annotationPath": "com.sap.vocabularies.UI.v1.LineItem" }
              ],
              "defaultPath": "both"
            }
          ]
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Approach 2: Multiple View Tabs with PresentationVariant

Manifest:

"targets": {
  "<ListReport>": {  // Replace with your actual List Report target name
    "type": "Component",
    "name": "sap.fe.templates.ListReport",
    "options": {
      "settings": {
        "contextPath": "/<YourEntity>",  // Replace with your entity set path
        "views": {
          "paths": [
            {
              "key": "ChartView",
              "annotationPath": "com.sap.vocabularies.UI.v1.PresentationVariant#ChartView"
            },
            {
              "key": "TableView",
              "annotationPath": "com.sap.vocabularies.UI.v1.PresentationVariant#TableView"
            }
          ]
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Testing

CAP Projects

npm run watch-<app-name>  # e.g., npm run watch-manage-travel
# or use generic watch script if available
cds watch

RAP Projects

npm run start-mock # Needs metadata refresh

npm start          # No refresh needed - fetches metadata from live backend at runtime

• Consult fiori mcp server if available on how to refresh metadata for sap/cloud systems in case of RAP

Implementation Order (RAP)

Follow this sequence to avoid errors:

1. Modify Projection View (ZC_ENTITY)

   • Add @OData.applySupportedForAggregation: #FULL at top
   • Add @Aggregation.default: #AVG to measure field
   • Activate projection view

2. Modify Metadata Extension

   • Add @UI.chart annotation
   • Add @UI.presentationVariant annotations
   • Activate metadata extension

3. Update Fiori App Manifest

   • Add views.paths under targets.<ListReport>.options.settings (NOT inside controlConfiguration)
   • Save manifest.json

4. Test

   • Run npm start (fetches live metadata - no republishing needed)
   • Service binding does NOT need to be republished

Troubleshooting

Symptom: App doesn't load / Blank screen / Chart not visible

Cause 1: Missing @OData.applySupportedForAggregation: #FULL

• Solution: Add to projection view (ZC_*), activate, restart app

Cause 2: Annotation on wrong view

• Solution: Move from interface view (ZR_*) to projection view (ZC_*)

Cause 3: Measure field not numeric

• Solution: Verify field is numeric type (Amount, Quantity, Decimal, Integer)

Cause 4: Wrong qualifier in manifest

• Solution: Verify qualifier in manifest matches @UI.chart: [{ qualifier: 'AnalyticalChart' }]

Cause 5: Missing @Aggregation.default on measure

• Solution: Add @Aggregation.default: #AVG (or #SUM, #MIN, #MAX) to measure field

Symptom: Chart shows but with wrong data

Cause: Wrong aggregation method

• Solution: Change @Aggregation.default value (#AVG, #SUM, #MIN, #MAX)

Key Differences

CAP:

• Aggregation + measures defined in CDS
• Uses DynamicMeasures

RAP:

• Aggregation defined in backend CDS only
• Uses Measures

Common Mistakes

General:

• Wrong manifest config
• Mixing Approach 1 and Approach 2 configurations
• Non-numeric measure field
• Wrong qualifier (manifest doesn't match annotation)

RAP-Specific:

• ❌ MOST COMMON: Missing @OData.applySupportedForAggregation: #FULL → App won't load
• ❌ Placing aggregation annotation on interface view instead of projection view
• ❌ Missing @Aggregation.default on measure field
• ❌ Forgetting to activate CDS objects after changes
• ❌ Using wrong view contract (must be TRANSACTIONAL_QUERY)

Best Practices

• Use 1 dimension + 1–2 measures
• Prefer Column/Bar charts
• Approach 1: Use "defaultPath": "both" for chart + table side-by-side in same view
• Approach 2: Use PresentationVariant for separate view tabs (chart or table)

References

• ABAP RAP Aggregation support: https://help.sap.com/docs/abap-cloud/abap-rap/projection-view