Stacks Env

Stacks Environment

Key Paths

• Core package: storage/framework/core/env/src/
• Environment config: config/env.ts
• Environment file: .env
• Example: .env.example
• Type definitions: storage/framework/env.d.ts

Source Files

env/src/
├── index.ts     # main exports
├── utils.ts     # runtime/platform detection, StacksEnv proxy
├── plugin.ts    # Bun plugin for auto .env loading
├── parser.ts    # .env file parser with encryption support
├── cli.ts       # CLI commands (get, set, encrypt, decrypt, rotate)
├── crypto.ts    # X25519 + HKDF-SHA-256 + AES-256-GCM encryption
└── types.ts     # StacksEnv interface (100+ typed vars)

Typed Environment Proxy

import { env } from '@stacksjs/env'

env.APP_NAME        // string
env.APP_ENV         // 'local' | 'dev' | 'stage' | 'prod'
env.APP_KEY         // string
env.APP_URL         // string
env.DEBUG           // boolean (auto-coerced)
env.PORT            // number (auto-coerced)
env.DB_CONNECTION   // 'sqlite' | 'mysql' | 'postgres' | 'dynamodb'
env.DB_HOST         // string
env.DB_PORT         // number
env.DB_DATABASE     // string
env.DB_USERNAME     // string
env.DB_PASSWORD     // string
env.AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID    // string
env.STRIPE_SECRET_KEY    // string
env.MAIL_MAILER          // string
env.QUEUE_DRIVER         // string
env.REDIS_HOST           // string
env[key]                 // any custom env var

The env proxy auto-coerces: 'true' → true, '123' → 123, etc.

StacksEnv Type (100+ typed variables)

App, Ports, API, Database, AWS, Mail, Services (Stripe, Meilisearch), Frontend, Realtime, Redis, Pusher, Auth, Storage, Queue, plus [key: string] catch-all.

Runtime Detection

import { isBun, isNode, runtime, runtimeInfo, platform, isWindows, isMacOS, isLinux, hasTTY, hasWindow, isCI, isDebug, isMinimal, isColorSupported, provider, providerInfo } from '@stacksjs/env'

isBun           // true
isNode          // false
runtime         // 'bun'
platform        // 'darwin'
isWindows       // false
isMacOS         // true
isLinux         // false
hasTTY          // true (terminal)
isCI            // false
isDebug         // boolean
isColorSupported // true

CI Provider Detection

provider        // 'github-actions' | 'gitlab-ci' | 'circleci' | 'travis' | 'jenkins' | 'vercel' | 'netlify' | 'heroku' | 'aws' | 'azure' | 'cloudflare' | 'railway' | 'render' | ...
providerInfo    // { name: string, ... }

.env File Loading

import { loadEnv, autoLoadEnv, envPlugin } from '@stacksjs/env'

await loadEnv({ path: '.env', override: false })
autoLoadEnv()  // detects .env, .env.local, .env.{APP_ENV}

// Bun plugin (auto-loads .env before app starts)
envPlugin()

.env Parser

import { parse } from '@stacksjs/env'

const vars = parse(envContent, {
  encryption: true,       // decrypt encrypted values
  privateKey: '...'       // decryption key
})

Encryption (X25519 + AES-256-GCM)

import { aesEncrypt, aesDecrypt, generateKeypair, encryptValue, decryptValue, getPrivateKey } from '@stacksjs/env'

// AES-256-GCM symmetric encryption
const encrypted = aesEncrypt(plaintext, password)
const decrypted = aesDecrypt(encrypted, password)

// Versioned ephemeral-static X25519 envelope encryption
const keypair = generateKeypair()
const encrypted = encryptValue(value, keypair.publicKey)
const decrypted = decryptValue(encrypted, keypair.privateKey)

CLI Commands

buddy env:get APP_NAME                    # get single var
buddy env:get --all --format json         # all vars as JSON
buddy env:set APP_NAME "My App"           # set var
buddy env:encrypt                          # encrypt .env file
buddy env:decrypt                          # decrypt .env file
buddy env:keypair                          # generate encryption keypair
buddy env:rotate                           # rotate encryption keys
buddy env:check                            # validate env configuration
buddy env:check --file .env.production     # check a specific environment's file

Tenant isolation on a shared box

When several projects share one server - one owns it, the rest attach with cloud.attachTo - each still deploys from its own repository with its own .env.<environment>. No project needs another's values.

They leak anyway: a tenant's secrets get pasted into the owner's env file under a TENANT_ prefix while debugging a deploy, and stay. That is not just untidy. buddy deploy ships the whole env file as every site's .env (ts-cloud treats site.env as the complete file), so a stray BUGHQ_STRIPE_SECRET_KEY in the owner's file lands on disk in an unrelated site.

Declare who is attached, in config/cloud.ts's default export:

const config: CloudConfig = {
  tenants: ['bughq', 'analyticshq'],
}

With that:

• buddy deploy drops those keys before shipping, and logs what it dropped
• buddy env:check lists them per tenant so they can be deleted at source

Prefixes are never inferred. With no tenants declared nothing is treated as foreign, because STRIPE_, AWS_ and MEILISEARCH_ are indistinguishable from a slug prefix by shape alone. Slug punctuation is ignored, so analytics-hq and analytics_hq both match ANALYTICSHQ_.

The API is partitionTenantEnv(values, { self, tenants }) from @stacksjs/env, plus stripForeignTenantEnv and foreignTenantKeys.

Dashboard environment editor

The dashboard reads and writes .env through guarded /api/dashboard/environment GET and PUT endpoints. The write contract:

• validates uppercase environment keys and duplicate definitions
• limits the file to 1 MB and rejects null bytes
• requires the SHA-256 revision returned by the latest read
• writes through a 0600 temporary file and atomic rename
• stores the previous content under storage/framework/runtime/dashboard/environment.backup
• returns Cache-Control: no-store because the response contains secrets

Structured settings pages should use updateEnvironmentEntries() from the dashboard environment-file service. It updates only named keys while preserving comments, ordering, unrelated values, and the same revision and backup guarantees. Do not implement settings with repeated writeFileSync calls or raw client-side fetch.

Gotchas

• A tenant's keys in your env file get shipped everywhere. buddy deploy sends the entire env file as each site's .env. Declare tenants in config/cloud.ts so they are stripped, then delete them at source
• Bun natively loads .env — no dotenv package needed
• The env proxy auto-coerces strings to booleans/numbers
• .env should never be committed — use .env.example as template
• New encrypted values use ephemeral-static X25519, HKDF-SHA-256, and AES-256-GCM. Legacy ciphertext remains readable for migration
• autoLoadEnv() loads in order: .env, .env.local, .env.{APP_ENV}
• Runtime detection uses Bun globals and process properties
• CI provider detection checks environment variables specific to each CI system
• The StacksEnv type provides autocomplete for 100+ known variables