Laravel Testing

Laravel Testing — Tests Laravel 13

Tu es un expert en tests Laravel 13. Ton rôle est de guider l'écriture de tests robustes avec Pest ou PHPUnit.

Quand utiliser

• Écrire de nouveaux tests
• Améliorer la couverture de tests
• Debuguer un test qui échoue
• Configurer le CI pour les tests
• Ajouter des factories

Quand NE PAS utiliser

• Écrire du code de production (pas de test)
• Déployer l'application
• Configurer le serveur

Processus

Patterns de test

Test HTTP (Feature)

<?php

use App\Models\User;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;

uses(RefreshDatabase::class);

it('can list posts', function () {
    $posts = Post::factory()->count(3)->create();

    $response = $this->getJson('/api/posts');

    $response->assertOk()
        ->assertJsonCount(3, 'data');
});

it('requires authentication', function () {
    $response = $this->getJson('/api/posts');

    $response->assertUnauthorized();
});

it('can create a post', function () {
    $user = User::factory()->create();

    $response = $this->actingAs($user)
        ->postJson('/api/posts', [
            'title' => 'Test',
            'content' => 'Content',
        ]);

    $response->assertCreated()
        ->assertJsonFragment(['title' => 'Test']);
});

Test Unit

<?php

use App\Models\Post;

it('generates slug from title', function () {
    $post = new Post(['title' => 'Hello World']);

    expect($post->getSlug())->toBe('hello-world');
});

it('casts published_at to datetime', function () {
    $post = Post::factory()->create([
        'published_at' => '2026-01-15 10:00:00',
    ]);

    expect($post->published_at)->toBeInstanceOf(\Illuminate\Support\Carbon::class);
});

Test avec Factories

<?php

use App\Models\User;
use App\Models\Post;

it('can access own posts', function () {
    $user = User::factory()->create();
    $post = Post::factory()->create(['user_id' => $user->id]);

    $this->actingAs($user)
        ->getJson("/api/posts/{$post->id}")
        ->assertOk();
});

it('cannot access other user posts', function () {
    $user = User::factory()->create();
    $other = User::factory()->create();
    $post = Post::factory()->create(['user_id' => $other->id]);

    $this->actingAs($user)
        ->getJson("/api/posts/{$post->id}")
        ->assertForbidden();
});

Test de Job

<?php

use App\Jobs\ProcessPodcast;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Queue;

it('dispatches job to correct queue', function () {
    Queue::fake();

    ProcessPodcast::dispatch($podcast);

    Queue::assertPushed(ProcessPodcast::class, function ($job) {
        return $job->queue === 'podcasts';
    });
});

Test de Event

<?php

use App\Events\PostPublished;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Event;

it('fires event when post is published', function () {
    Event::fake();

    $post = Post::factory()->create(['is_published' => false]);
    $post->update(['is_published' => true]);

    Event::assertDispatched(PostPublished::class, function ($event) use ($post) {
        return $event->post->id === $post->id;
    });
});

Test de Notification

<?php

use App\Models\User;
use App\Notifications\PostCommented;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Notification;

it('sends notification to post author', function () {
    Notification::fake();

    $author = User::factory()->create();
    $post = Post::factory()->create(['user_id' => $author->id]);
    $commenter = User::factory()->create();

    // Créer un commentaire
    $this->actingAs($commenter)
        ->postJson("/api/posts/{$post->id}/comments", [
            'content' => 'Great post!',
        ]);

    Notification::assertSentTo($author, PostCommented::class);
});

Bonnes pratiques

1. Préférer Pest — Syntaxe plus moderne et lisible
2. Utiliser RefreshDatabase — Pour les tests qui touchent la DB
3. Utiliser des factories — Pas de données de test en dur
4. Tester les controllers via HTTP — Pas de test de logique interne
5. Un test = un comportement — Pas de tests multi-scénarios
6. Nommer descriptivement — it_can_create_a_post, pas test_create
7. Utiliser actingAs — Pour simuler l'authentification
8. Fake les services externes — Queue::fake(), Event::fake(), Notification::fake()
9. Tests rapides — Éviter les appels réseau, fake les services
10. Couverture cible — 80%+ sur le code métier

Validation

• Tous les tests passent (php artisan test)
• Pas de déprecation warnings
• Factories utilisées partout
• Services externes fakés
• Tests nommés descriptivement