Subagent 驱动的开发
通过为每个任务派发一个全新的 subagent 来执行 plan,每完成一个任务后进行两阶段评审:先做 spec 合规性评审,再做代码质量评审。
为什么使用 subagent: 你把任务委派给具有隔离 context 的专门 agent。通过精确地构造它们的指令和 context,你确保它们专注于任务并取得成功。它们绝不应该继承你当前会话的 context 或历史 —— 你要为它们精确地构造它们所需要的内容。这样也能保护你自己的 context 用于协调工作。
核心原则: 每个任务一个全新的 subagent + 两阶段评审(先 spec 后质量)= 高质量、快速迭代
持续执行: 不要在任务之间停下来与你的人类伙伴确认。从 plan 中执行所有任务,不要中途停下。仅有的停下理由是:你无法解决的 BLOCKED 状态、确实阻碍进展的歧义,或所有任务已完成。"我应该继续吗?"这样的提示和进度总结会浪费他们的时间 —— 他们让你执行 plan,那就执行它。
何时使用
digraph when_to_use {
"Have implementation plan?" [shape=diamond];
"Tasks mostly independent?" [shape=diamond];
"Stay in this session?" [shape=diamond];
"subagent-driven-development" [shape=box];
"executing-plans" [shape=box];
"Manual execution or brainstorm first" [shape=box];
"Have implementation plan?" -> "Tasks mostly independent?" [label="yes"];
"Have implementation plan?" -> "Manual execution or brainstorm first" [label="no"];
"Tasks mostly independent?" -> "Stay in this session?" [label="yes"];
"Tasks mostly independent?" -> "Manual execution or brainstorm first" [label="no - tightly coupled"];
"Stay in this session?" -> "subagent-driven-development" [label="yes"];
"Stay in this session?" -> "executing-plans" [label="no - parallel session"];
}
对比 Executing Plans(parallel 会话):
- 同一会话(无 context 切换)
- 每个任务一个全新 subagent(无 context 污染)
- 每个任务后进行两阶段评审:先 spec 合规,再代码质量
- 更快的迭代(任务之间不需要 human-in-loop)
流程
digraph process {
rankdir=TB;
subgraph cluster_per_task {
label="Per Task";
"Dispatch implementer subagent (./implementer-prompt.md)" [shape=box];
"Implementer subagent asks questions?" [shape=diamond];
"Answer questions, provide context" [shape=box];
"Implementer subagent implements, tests, commits, self-reviews" [shape=box];
"Dispatch spec reviewer subagent (./spec-reviewer-prompt.md)" [shape=box];
"Spec reviewer subagent confirms code matches spec?" [shape=diamond];
"Implementer subagent fixes spec gaps" [shape=box];
"Dispatch code quality reviewer subagent (./code-quality-reviewer-prompt.md)" [shape=box];
"Code quality reviewer subagent approves?" [shape=diamond];
"Implementer subagent fixes quality issues" [shape=box];
"Mark task complete in TodoWrite" [shape=box];
}
"Read plan, extract all tasks with full text, note context, create TodoWrite" [shape=box];
"More tasks remain?" [shape=diamond];
"Dispatch final code reviewer subagent for entire implementation" [shape=box];
"Use superpowers:finishing-a-development-branch" [shape=box style=filled fillcolor=lightgreen];
"Read plan, extract all tasks with full text, note context, create TodoWrite" -> "Dispatch implementer subagent (./implementer-prompt.md)";
"Dispatch implementer subagent (./implementer-prompt.md)" -> "Implementer subagent asks questions?";
"Implementer subagent asks questions?" -> "Answer questions, provide context" [label="yes"];
"Answer questions, provide context" -> "Dispatch implementer subagent (./implementer-prompt.md)";
"Implementer subagent asks questions?" -> "Implementer subagent implements, tests, commits, self-reviews" [label="no"];
"Implementer subagent implements, tests, commits, self-reviews" -> "Dispatch spec reviewer subagent (./spec-reviewer-prompt.md)";
"Dispatch spec reviewer subagent (./spec-reviewer-prompt.md)" -> "Spec reviewer subagent confirms code matches spec?";
"Spec reviewer subagent confirms code matches spec?" -> "Implementer subagent fixes spec gaps" [label="no"];
"Implementer subagent fixes spec gaps" -> "Dispatch spec reviewer subagent (./spec-reviewer-prompt.md)" [label="re-review"];
"Spec reviewer subagent confirms code matches spec?" -> "Dispatch code quality reviewer subagent (./code-quality-reviewer-prompt.md)" [label="yes"];
"Dispatch code quality reviewer subagent (./code-quality-reviewer-prompt.md)" -> "Code quality reviewer subagent approves?";
"Code quality reviewer subagent approves?" -> "Implementer subagent fixes quality issues" [label="no"];
"Implementer subagent fixes quality issues" -> "Dispatch code quality reviewer subagent (./code-quality-reviewer-prompt.md)" [label="re-review"];
"Code quality reviewer subagent approves?" -> "Mark task complete in TodoWrite" [label="yes"];
"Mark task complete in TodoWrite" -> "More tasks remain?";
"More tasks remain?" -> "Dispatch implementer subagent (./implementer-prompt.md)" [label="yes"];
"More tasks remain?" -> "Dispatch final code reviewer subagent for entire implementation" [label="no"];
"Dispatch final code reviewer subagent for entire implementation" -> "Use superpowers:finishing-a-development-branch";
}
模型选择
为每个角色使用能够胜任的最弱模型,以节约成本并提升速度。
机械式实现任务(孤立的函数、清晰的 spec、1-2 个文件):使用快速、便宜的模型。当 plan 写得很完善时,大多数实现任务都是机械式的。
集成与判断类任务(多文件协调、模式匹配、调试):使用标准模型。
架构、设计与评审类任务:使用最强大的可用模型。
任务复杂度信号:
- 涉及 1-2 个文件且具备完整 spec → 便宜的模型
- 涉及多个文件并存在集成方面的考量 → 标准模型
- 需要设计判断或对 codebase 的广泛理解 → 最强大的模型
处理 Implementer 的状态
Implementer subagent 会汇报四种状态之一。请相应地处理每一种:
DONE: 进入 spec 合规性评审。
DONE_WITH_CONCERNS: implementer 完成了工作但标记了疑虑。在继续之前先阅读这些疑虑。如果疑虑涉及正确性或范围问题,则在评审之前先解决它们。如果它们只是观察性意见(例如"这个文件越来越大"),先记录下来并进入评审。
NEEDS_CONTEXT: implementer 需要未提供的信息。提供缺失的 context 并重新派发。
BLOCKED: implementer 无法完成任务。评估阻塞原因:
- 如果是 context 问题,提供更多 context 并使用相同的模型重新派发
- 如果任务需要更多推理,使用更强大的模型重新派发
- 如果任务过大,将其拆分为更小的部分
- 如果是 plan 本身有问题,向人类升级
绝不忽略升级请求,也不要在不做任何更改的情况下强迫同一个模型重试。如果 implementer 说它卡住了,那一定有什么需要改变。
Prompt 模板
./implementer-prompt.md- 派发 implementer subagent./spec-reviewer-prompt.md- 派发 spec 合规性评审 subagent./code-quality-reviewer-prompt.md- 派发代码质量评审 subagent
示例工作流
You: I'm using Subagent-Driven Development to execute this plan.
[Read plan file once: docs/superpowers/plans/feature-plan.md]
[Extract all 5 tasks with full text and context]
[Create TodoWrite with all tasks]
Task 1: Hook installation script
[Get Task 1 text and context (already extracted)]
[Dispatch implementation subagent with full task text + context]
Implementer: "Before I begin - should the hook be installed at user or system level?"
You: "User level (~/.config/superpowers/hooks/)"
Implementer: "Got it. Implementing now..."
[Later] Implementer:
- Implemented install-hook command
- Added tests, 5/5 passing
- Self-review: Found I missed --force flag, added it
- Committed
[Dispatch spec compliance reviewer]
Spec reviewer: ✅ Spec compliant - all requirements met, nothing extra
[Get git SHAs, dispatch code quality reviewer]
Code reviewer: Strengths: Good test coverage, clean. Issues: None. Approved.
[Mark Task 1 complete]
Task 2: Recovery modes
[Get Task 2 text and context (already extracted)]
[Dispatch implementation subagent with full task text + context]
Implementer: [No questions, proceeds]
Implementer:
- Added verify/repair modes
- 8/8 tests passing
- Self-review: All good
- Committed
[Dispatch spec compliance reviewer]
Spec reviewer: ❌ Issues:
- Missing: Progress reporting (spec says "report every 100 items")
- Extra: Added --json flag (not requested)
[Implementer fixes issues]
Implementer: Removed --json flag, added progress reporting
[Spec reviewer reviews again]
Spec reviewer: ✅ Spec compliant now
[Dispatch code quality reviewer]
Code reviewer: Strengths: Solid. Issues (Important): Magic number (100)
[Implementer fixes]
Implementer: Extracted PROGRESS_INTERVAL constant
[Code reviewer reviews again]
Code reviewer: ✅ Approved
[Mark Task 2 complete]
...
[After all tasks]
[Dispatch final code-reviewer]
Final reviewer: All requirements met, ready to merge
Done!
优势
对比手动执行:
- subagent 自然地遵循 TDD
- 每个任务都有全新的 context(不会混乱)
- parallel 安全(subagent 不会相互干扰)
- subagent 可以提问(在工作之前以及工作过程中都可以)
对比 Executing Plans:
- 同一会话(无交接)
- 持续推进(无等待)
- 评审检查点自动进行
效率提升:
- 没有读取文件的开销(控制者直接提供完整文本)
- 控制者精确策划所需的 context
- subagent 一开始就拿到完整信息
- 在工作开始之前(而非之后)就把问题暴露出来
质量门:
- 自审在交接前发现问题
- 两阶段评审:spec 合规,然后代码质量
- 评审循环确保修复确实生效
- spec 合规防止过度/不足实现
- 代码质量确保实现质量过硬
成本:
- 更多的 subagent 调用(每个任务一个 implementer + 两个 reviewer)
- 控制者承担更多准备工作(预先抽取所有任务)
- 评审循环增加了迭代次数
- 但能尽早发现问题(比之后调试更便宜)
警示信号
绝不:
- 在未获得用户明确同意的情况下,在 main/master branch 上开始实现
- 跳过评审(无论是 spec 合规还是代码质量)
- 带着未修复的问题继续推进
- parallel 派发多个实现 subagent(会冲突)
- 让 subagent 自己读 plan 文件(应改为提供完整文本)
- 跳过场景铺垫的 context(subagent 需要理解任务在哪里发挥作用)
- 忽略 subagent 的提问(在让它们继续之前先回答)
- 在 spec 合规上接受"差不多就行"(spec reviewer 发现了问题 = 任务尚未完成)
- 跳过评审循环(reviewer 发现问题 = implementer 修复 = 再评审一次)
- 让 implementer 的自审取代真正的评审(两者都必需)
- 在 spec 合规为 ✅ 之前就开始代码质量评审(顺序错了)
- 在任一评审仍有未解决问题时就进入下一个任务
如果 subagent 提问:
- 清晰、完整地回答
- 必要时提供额外的 context
- 不要催促它们急着进入实现
如果 reviewer 发现问题:
- 由 implementer(同一个 subagent)修复
- reviewer 再次评审
- 重复直到通过
- 不要跳过再评审
如果 subagent 任务失败:
- 派发修复 subagent,并附上明确的指令
- 不要试图手动修复(会污染 context)
集成
所需的工作流 skill:
- superpowers:using-git-worktrees - 确保隔离的工作区(创建一个或验证已有的)
- superpowers:writing-plans - 创建本 skill 所执行的 plan
- superpowers:requesting-code-review - 用于 reviewer subagent 的 code review 模板
- superpowers:finishing-a-development-branch - 在所有任务完成后收尾开发工作
subagent 应使用:
- superpowers:test-driven-development - subagent 在每个任务中遵循 TDD
替代工作流:
- superpowers:executing-plans - 用 parallel 会话替代同一会话执行