Jama Oncology

JAMA Oncology (jama-oncology)

Journal positioning

JAMA Oncology is a JAMA Network specialty journal for clinical and translational oncology research aimed at a broad cancer-care readership — medical, surgical, and radiation oncologists, as well as cancer-epidemiology and outcomes researchers. It favors practice-relevant work: randomized cancer trials, comparative-effectiveness and real-world outcomes analyses, screening and prevention studies, and biomarker work tied to a clinically meaningful endpoint. It is positioned as a general oncology venue with JAMA's emphasis on absolute benefit, toxicity, and patient-centered outcomes, distinct from a society flagship such as Annals of Oncology (ESMO). Single-arm early-phase reports with no comparator, descriptive molecular series, and surrogate-only signals with weak clinical translation are a weak fit. This skill is a fit / venue-selection / re-framing aid; it is not clinical or regulatory advice and does not replace the journal's current instructions for authors. Before submitting, re-check the live JAMA Oncology author instructions.

When to trigger

• The author names JAMA Oncology for a clinical, epidemiologic, or outcomes oncology study and wants a fit/framing check.
• A cancer study must be re-framed around a clinically meaningful survival, toxicity, or quality-of-life endpoint for a broad oncology audience.
• The author is choosing between JAMA Oncology, JAMA, and a society or subspecialty oncology journal (e.g., Annals of Oncology).
• The author needs the journal's reporting-guideline, registration, and desk-reject expectations for oncology work.

Scope & topic fit

• Randomized oncology trials (phase 2/3) reporting survival, response, toxicity, or patient-reported outcomes, including practice-de-escalation trials.
• Comparative-effectiveness and real-world-evidence studies using cancer registries, claims, or institutional cohorts with rigorous confounding control.
• Cancer screening, early-detection, and prevention studies with clinically meaningful endpoints and harms accounting.
• Prognostic and predictive biomarker studies validated against an outcome, not just associated with a molecular feature.
• Health-services, disparities, financial-toxicity, and survivorship research in oncology.
• Pooled analyses and meta-analyses answering a focused, decision-relevant cancer question.

Method & evidence bar

• Trials must be adequately powered with a prespecified primary endpoint; overall survival and validated surrogates are preferred, and surrogate-only endpoints need explicit justification of clinical relevance.
• The applicable reporting guideline and checklist are required: CONSORT for trials, STROBE for observational/registry studies, PRISMA for systematic reviews, REMARK-style rigor for tumor-marker work.
• Trials require prospective registration; registration number, protocol, and statistical-analysis plan are expected, including amendments.
• Survival analyses must report absolute differences, hazard ratios with confidence intervals, and adequate follow-up; toxicity (graded per a standard scheme) must be reported alongside efficacy.
• Real-world/registry claims must address immortal-time, selection, and indication bias; causal language must match the design.
• Biomarker claims need a prespecified cut-point, an independent validation set, and reporting of analytic performance.

Structure & house style

• JAMA Network format with a structured abstract and a Key Points box; re-check current article types (Original Investigation, Brief Report, Research Letter, etc.) and limits on the live guide.
• The introduction frames a focused, decision-relevant cancer question; the discussion states the practice implication and net clinical benefit plainly.
• Tables/figures follow JAMA Network statistical-reporting standards; CONSORT/STROBE flow diagrams, Kaplan-Meier curves with numbers at risk, and toxicity tables are expected where applicable.
• Supplements carry the protocol, SAP, full toxicity and subgroup analyses, and consort/biomarker checklists.

Official-submission checklist

• Before giving submission-ready advice, read ../../resources/source-basis.md and ../../resources/official-source-map.md; start from the ICMJE and JAMA Network anchors, then cite the current JAMA Oncology page you checked.
• Search the live site for "JAMA Oncology instructions for authors" and follow the current version.
• Re-check article types and word/reference/table limits, structured-abstract and Key Points format, and the JAMA Network statistical-reporting requirements.
• Confirm trial registration, the reporting checklist (CONSORT/STROBE/PRISMA), the data-sharing statement, and protocol/SAP submission.
• Re-check IRB/ethics and consent statements, ICMJE authorship and conflict-of-interest disclosure (industry ties are scrutinized in oncology), funding, and AI-use disclosure.
• If the live official instructions conflict with this skill, the official instructions win.

Pre-submission self-check

• The study answers a decision-relevant cancer question with a clinically meaningful endpoint and net-benefit framing.
• The primary endpoint is prespecified; survival/toxicity are reported with absolute and relative measures and adequate follow-up.
• The correct reporting checklist (CONSORT/STROBE/PRISMA) is completed and attached.
• Trials are prospectively registered with the number in the manuscript; protocol/SAP provided.
• Registry/real-world analyses address immortal-time, selection, and indication bias; biomarkers are independently validated.
• IRB/consent, ICMJE disclosures (including industry funding), and a data-sharing statement are prepared.

Common desk-reject triggers

• Single-arm early-phase reports with no comparator presented as practice-relevant.
• Surrogate-only endpoints (e.g., response rate, PFS) framed as definitive clinical benefit without justification.
• Registry/real-world analyses with immortal-time or indication bias and overstated causal claims.
• Biomarker associations with no prespecified cut-point or independent validation.
• Missing trial registration, protocol, or toxicity reporting alongside efficacy.
• Narrow molecular or subspecialty interest better served by a society or basic-science cancer journal.

Re-routing decision

• ESMO-society readership or European practice framing → annals-of-oncology.
• Broadly practice-changing, top-tier cancer trial → general medicine (jama / NEJM / The Lancet in the natural-science bundle).
• General internal-medicine relevance over oncology specialty → jama-internal-medicine.
• Cancer imaging with an imaging-method core → radiology.
• Surgical-oncology technique or perioperative focus → jama-surgery.

Output format

[Fit] High / Medium / Low (one-line reason)
[Target] JAMA Oncology
[Specialty tags] <2–3 closest oncology topics>
[Study design / reporting guideline] <RCT-CONSORT / registry-STROBE / review-PRISMA / biomarker-REMARK>
[Method/evidence] <does power, endpoint, registration, and validation clear the bar?>
[Top risk] <the single most likely reason for rejection>
[Official items to re-check] <article type / registration / checklist / toxicity / ethics / disclosures>
[Re-route suggestion] <if not a fit, a better-matched venue>

Source: brycewang-stanford/Awesome-Journal-Skills → Clinical-Medicine-Journal-Skills/skills/jama-oncology/SKILL.md