Team Composition Patterns
Best practices for composing multi-agent teams, selecting team sizes, choosing agent types, and configuring display modes for Claude Code's Agent Teams feature.
When to Use This Skill
- Deciding how many teammates to spawn for a task
- Choosing between preset team configurations
- Selecting the right agent type (subagent_type) for each role
- Configuring teammate display modes (tmux, iTerm2, in-process)
- Building custom team compositions for non-standard workflows
Team Sizing Heuristics
| Complexity |
Team Size |
When to Use |
| Simple |
1-2 |
Single-dimension review, isolated bug, small feature |
| Moderate |
2-3 |
Multi-file changes, 2-3 concerns, medium features |
| Complex |
3-4 |
Cross-cutting concerns, large features, deep debugging |
| Very Complex |
4-5 |
Full-stack features, comprehensive reviews, systemic issues |
Rule of thumb: Start with the smallest team that covers all required dimensions. Adding teammates increases coordination overhead.
Preset Team Compositions
Review Team
- Size: 3 reviewers
- Agents: 3x
team-reviewer
- Default dimensions: security, performance, architecture
- Use when: Code changes need multi-dimensional quality assessment
Debug Team
- Size: 3 investigators
- Agents: 3x
team-debugger
- Default hypotheses: 3 competing hypotheses
- Use when: Bug has multiple plausible root causes
Feature Team
- Size: 3 (1 lead + 2 implementers)
- Agents: 1x
team-lead + 2x team-implementer
- Use when: Feature can be decomposed into parallel work streams
Fullstack Team
- Size: 4 (1 lead + 3 implementers)
- Agents: 1x
team-lead + 1x frontend team-implementer + 1x backend team-implementer + 1x test team-implementer
- Use when: Feature spans frontend, backend, and test layers
Research Team
- Size: 3 researchers
- Agents: 3x
general-purpose
- Default areas: Each assigned a different research question, module, or topic
- Capabilities: Codebase search (Grep, Glob, Read), web search (WebSearch, WebFetch)
- Use when: Need to understand a codebase, research libraries, compare approaches, or gather information from code and web sources in parallel
Security Team
- Size: 4 reviewers
- Agents: 4x
team-reviewer
- Default dimensions: OWASP/vulnerabilities, auth/access control, dependencies/supply chain, secrets/configuration
- Use when: Comprehensive security audit covering multiple attack surfaces
Migration Team
- Size: 4 (1 lead + 2 implementers + 1 reviewer)
- Agents: 1x
team-lead + 2x team-implementer + 1x team-reviewer
- Use when: Large codebase migration (framework upgrade, language port, API version bump) requiring parallel work with correctness verification
Agent Type Selection
When spawning teammates with the Agent tool, choose subagent_type based on what tools the teammate needs:
| Agent Type |
Tools Available |
Use For |
general-purpose |
All tools (Read, Write, Edit, Bash, etc.) |
Implementation, debugging, any task requiring file changes |
Explore |
Read-only tools (Read, Grep, Glob) |
Research, code exploration, analysis |
Plan |
Read-only tools |
Architecture planning, task decomposition |
agent-teams:team-reviewer |
Read/search/Bash plus TaskList/TaskGet/TaskUpdate/SendMessage |
Code review with structured findings |
agent-teams:team-debugger |
Read/search/Bash plus TaskList/TaskGet/TaskUpdate/SendMessage |
Hypothesis-driven investigation |
agent-teams:team-implementer |
Read/Write/Edit/search/Bash plus TaskList/TaskGet/TaskUpdate/SendMessage |
Building features within file ownership boundaries |
agent-teams:team-lead |
Read/search/Bash plus Agent Teams coordination tools |
Team orchestration and coordination |
Key distinction: Read-only agents (Explore, Plan) cannot modify files. Never assign implementation tasks to read-only agents.
Display Mode Configuration
Configure in ~/.claude/settings.json:
{
"teammateMode": "tmux"
}
| Mode |
Behavior |
Best For |
"tmux" |
Each teammate in a tmux pane |
Development workflows, monitoring multiple agents |
"iterm2" |
Each teammate in an iTerm2 tab |
macOS users who prefer iTerm2 |
"in-process" |
All teammates in same process |
Simple tasks, CI/CD environments |
Custom Team Guidelines
When building custom teams:
- Every team needs a coordinator — Either designate a
team-lead or have the user coordinate directly
- Match roles to agent types — Use specialized agents (reviewer, debugger, implementer) when available
- Avoid duplicate roles — Two agents doing the same thing wastes resources
- Define boundaries upfront — Each teammate needs clear ownership of files or responsibilities
- Keep it small — 2-4 teammates is the sweet spot; 5+ requires significant coordination overhead
Troubleshooting
A teammate was spawned as Explore but needs to write files.
Explore and Plan are read-only agents. Change the subagent_type to general-purpose or an appropriate specialized agent type. Never assign implementation tasks to read-only agents.
The team is growing too large and coordination is slowing everything down.
Each additional teammate adds communication overhead. Consolidate roles: can one agent cover two dimensions? A 4-person team doing 6 independent tasks is usually better served by 3 agents covering 2 tasks each.
tmux mode is not showing panes.
Ensure tmux is installed and a session is already running before spawning teammates. The in-process mode works without tmux and is suitable for CI or scripted environments.
Two reviewers are flagging the same issues.
The review dimensions overlap. Redefine each reviewer's focus area: one on correctness/logic, one on security, one on performance/scalability. Overlapping coverage wastes tokens and produces duplicate findings.
A team-lead is spawning teammates but they are not receiving tasks.
Verify that the lead is using the Agent tool to spawn teammates and passing complete context in the prompt. Teammates start fresh with no prior conversation history — they need all relevant information in their initial prompt.
Related Skills
Source: wshobson/agents → plugins/agent-teams/skills/team-composition-patterns/SKILL.md
1---2name: team-composition-patterns3description: Design optimal agent team compositions with sizing heuristics, preset configurations, and agent type selection. Use this skill when deciding how many agents to spawn for a task, when choosing between a review team versus a feature team versus a debug team, when selecting the correct subagent_type for each role to ensure agents have the tools they need, when configuring display modes (tmux, iTerm2, in-process) for a CI or local environment, or when building a custom team composition for a non-standard workflow such as a migration or security audit.4---567# Team Composition Patterns89Best practices for composing multi-agent teams, selecting team sizes, choosing agent types, and configuring display modes for Claude Code's Agent Teams feature.1011## When to Use This Skill1213- Deciding how many teammates to spawn for a task14- Choosing between preset team configurations15- Selecting the right agent type (subagent_type) for each role16- Configuring teammate display modes (tmux, iTerm2, in-process)17- Building custom team compositions for non-standard workflows1819## Team Sizing Heuristics2021| Complexity | Team Size | When to Use |22| ------------ | --------- | ----------------------------------------------------------- |23| Simple | 1-2 | Single-dimension review, isolated bug, small feature |24| Moderate | 2-3 | Multi-file changes, 2-3 concerns, medium features |25| Complex | 3-4 | Cross-cutting concerns, large features, deep debugging |26| Very Complex | 4-5 | Full-stack features, comprehensive reviews, systemic issues |2728**Rule of thumb**: Start with the smallest team that covers all required dimensions. Adding teammates increases coordination overhead.2930## Preset Team Compositions3132### Review Team3334- **Size**: 3 reviewers35- **Agents**: 3x `team-reviewer`36- **Default dimensions**: security, performance, architecture37- **Use when**: Code changes need multi-dimensional quality assessment3839### Debug Team4041- **Size**: 3 investigators42- **Agents**: 3x `team-debugger`43- **Default hypotheses**: 3 competing hypotheses44- **Use when**: Bug has multiple plausible root causes4546### Feature Team4748- **Size**: 3 (1 lead + 2 implementers)49- **Agents**: 1x `team-lead` + 2x `team-implementer`50- **Use when**: Feature can be decomposed into parallel work streams5152### Fullstack Team5354- **Size**: 4 (1 lead + 3 implementers)55- **Agents**: 1x `team-lead` + 1x frontend `team-implementer` + 1x backend `team-implementer` + 1x test `team-implementer`56- **Use when**: Feature spans frontend, backend, and test layers5758### Research Team5960- **Size**: 3 researchers61- **Agents**: 3x `general-purpose`62- **Default areas**: Each assigned a different research question, module, or topic63- **Capabilities**: Codebase search (Grep, Glob, Read), web search (WebSearch, WebFetch)64- **Use when**: Need to understand a codebase, research libraries, compare approaches, or gather information from code and web sources in parallel6566### Security Team6768- **Size**: 4 reviewers69- **Agents**: 4x `team-reviewer`70- **Default dimensions**: OWASP/vulnerabilities, auth/access control, dependencies/supply chain, secrets/configuration71- **Use when**: Comprehensive security audit covering multiple attack surfaces7273### Migration Team7475- **Size**: 4 (1 lead + 2 implementers + 1 reviewer)76- **Agents**: 1x `team-lead` + 2x `team-implementer` + 1x `team-reviewer`77- **Use when**: Large codebase migration (framework upgrade, language port, API version bump) requiring parallel work with correctness verification7879## Agent Type Selection8081When spawning teammates with the `Agent` tool, choose `subagent_type` based on what tools the teammate needs:8283| Agent Type | Tools Available | Use For |84| ------------------------------ | ---------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- |85| `general-purpose` | All tools (Read, Write, Edit, Bash, etc.) | Implementation, debugging, any task requiring file changes |86| `Explore` | Read-only tools (Read, Grep, Glob) | Research, code exploration, analysis |87| `Plan` | Read-only tools | Architecture planning, task decomposition |88| `agent-teams:team-reviewer` | Read/search/Bash plus TaskList/TaskGet/TaskUpdate/SendMessage | Code review with structured findings |89| `agent-teams:team-debugger` | Read/search/Bash plus TaskList/TaskGet/TaskUpdate/SendMessage | Hypothesis-driven investigation |90| `agent-teams:team-implementer` | Read/Write/Edit/search/Bash plus TaskList/TaskGet/TaskUpdate/SendMessage | Building features within file ownership boundaries |91| `agent-teams:team-lead` | Read/search/Bash plus Agent Teams coordination tools | Team orchestration and coordination |9293**Key distinction**: Read-only agents (Explore, Plan) cannot modify files. Never assign implementation tasks to read-only agents.9495## Display Mode Configuration9697Configure in `~/.claude/settings.json`:9899```json100{101 "teammateMode": "tmux"102}103```104105| Mode | Behavior | Best For |106| -------------- | ------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------- |107| `"tmux"` | Each teammate in a tmux pane | Development workflows, monitoring multiple agents |108| `"iterm2"` | Each teammate in an iTerm2 tab | macOS users who prefer iTerm2 |109| `"in-process"` | All teammates in same process | Simple tasks, CI/CD environments |110111## Custom Team Guidelines112113When building custom teams:1141151. **Every team needs a coordinator** — Either designate a `team-lead` or have the user coordinate directly1162. **Match roles to agent types** — Use specialized agents (reviewer, debugger, implementer) when available1173. **Avoid duplicate roles** — Two agents doing the same thing wastes resources1184. **Define boundaries upfront** — Each teammate needs clear ownership of files or responsibilities1195. **Keep it small** — 2-4 teammates is the sweet spot; 5+ requires significant coordination overhead120121## Troubleshooting122123**A teammate was spawned as `Explore` but needs to write files.**124`Explore` and `Plan` are read-only agents. Change the `subagent_type` to `general-purpose` or an appropriate specialized agent type. Never assign implementation tasks to read-only agents.125126**The team is growing too large and coordination is slowing everything down.**127Each additional teammate adds communication overhead. Consolidate roles: can one agent cover two dimensions? A 4-person team doing 6 independent tasks is usually better served by 3 agents covering 2 tasks each.128129**tmux mode is not showing panes.**130Ensure tmux is installed and a session is already running before spawning teammates. The `in-process` mode works without tmux and is suitable for CI or scripted environments.131132**Two reviewers are flagging the same issues.**133The review dimensions overlap. Redefine each reviewer's focus area: one on correctness/logic, one on security, one on performance/scalability. Overlapping coverage wastes tokens and produces duplicate findings.134135**A `team-lead` is spawning teammates but they are not receiving tasks.**136Verify that the lead is using the `Agent` tool to spawn teammates and passing complete context in the prompt. Teammates start fresh with no prior conversation history — they need all relevant information in their initial prompt.137138## Related Skills139140- [parallel-feature-development](../parallel-feature-development/SKILL.md) — Decompose work streams and assign file ownership once the team is composed141- [team-communication-protocols](../team-communication-protocols/SKILL.md) — Establish messaging norms and shutdown procedures for the assembled team142143---144145**Source:** [`wshobson/agents`](https://github.com/wshobson/agents) → `plugins/agent-teams/skills/team-composition-patterns/SKILL.md`
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