theHarvester
Purpose
Use this skill for passive OSINT gathering when the engagement needs external intelligence with minimal direct interaction.
Phase Fit
- Primary: Discovery and Reconnaissance
- Secondary: Threat Modeling and Test Planning
Use When
- Need passive discovery of emails, hosts, or public-source metadata.
- Need recon seeds for later validation.
- Need low-impact external inventory enrichment.
Avoid When
- Public-source collection would exceed the agreed privacy or scope boundary.
- Results would be treated as confirmed inventory without validation.
Inputs
- Approved domain or brand scope
- Source selection and output requirements
- Validation threshold for later phases
Procedure
- Start with passive public sources only.
- Separate raw OSINT leads from confirmed assets.
- Use the results to guide DNS, web, or identity validation.
- Record source provenance for reporting.
- Preserve the exact source set for future comparison.
Command Syntax
Replace sample domains with approved in-scope targets.
# Collect from all configured passive sources
theHarvester -d contoso.com -b all -l 500
# Collect from Google
theHarvester -d contoso.com -b google -l 300
# Collect from Bing
theHarvester -d contoso.com -b bing -l 300
# Collect emails, hosts, and IPs, output to HTML and XML
theHarvester -d contoso.com -b all -l 500 -f contoso-harvest
# Use Shodan for IP enrichment
theHarvester -d contoso.com -b shodan -l 100
Evidence to Capture
- Public-source leads relevant to the approved target
- Exact source set and domain used
- What still requires validation before later testing
Safety Boundaries
- Keep collection passive and within approved brand or domain scope.
- Treat all output as unverified until corroborated.