Mobile App Design Mastery
Production-grade mobile UI design principles adapted from Refactoring UI for Flutter/native apps.
Core Mobile Design Workflow
1. Start with a Screen, Not a Shell
- Design the core functionality of a single screen first
- Don't start with navigation, tab bars, or app chrome
- Work in greyscale first—add color after hierarchy is clear
- Design for the primary device size, then adapt
2. Establish Mobile Systems
Spacing Scale (dp/logical pixels):
| Token |
Size |
Use Case |
| xs |
4 |
Micro gaps, icon padding |
| sm |
8 |
Tight, within components |
| md |
12 |
Related elements |
| base |
16 |
Standard padding |
| lg |
24 |
Between sections |
| xl |
32 |
Major separation |
| 2xl |
48 |
Screen margins on tablets |
Touch Targets:
| Platform |
Minimum Size |
| iOS |
44×44 pt |
| Android |
48×48 dp |
| Comfortable |
56×56 |
Type Scale (sp/pt):
| Size |
Use Case |
| 11-12 |
Captions, labels |
| 14 |
Body text, default |
| 16 |
Emphasized body |
| 18-20 |
Subheadings |
| 24 |
Screen titles |
| 28-34 |
Large titles (iOS style) |
Shadow/Elevation Scale (dp):
| Level |
Elevation |
Use Case |
| 0 |
0 |
Flat surfaces |
| 1 |
1-2 |
Cards, tiles |
| 2 |
4 |
Raised buttons, app bar |
| 3 |
8 |
Bottom sheets, dialogs |
| 4 |
16 |
Navigation drawers |
| 5 |
24 |
Modals |
3. Build Mobile Hierarchy
Mobile screens have limited space—hierarchy is even more critical.
- Primary: Key action/content (one per screen)
- Secondary: Supporting info (visible but not competing)
- Tertiary: Metadata, timestamps (smallest/lightest)
Key principles:
- Size matters more on mobile—but don't overdo it
- Use weight and color before increasing size
- Emphasize by de-emphasizing competing elements
- Icons need softer colors to balance with text
4. Design for Touch
- Generous touch targets (minimum 44pt/48dp)
- Adequate spacing between interactive elements
- Visual feedback on press (ripples, scale, opacity)
- Swipe actions for common operations
5. Apply Platform-Aware Depth
- iOS: Subtle shadows, blur/frosted glass, less elevation
- Android: Material elevation system, layered surfaces
- Use depth to indicate interactivity and focus
Mobile Anti-Patterns
NEVER do:
- Touch targets smaller than 44×44
- Text smaller than 11sp (illegible)
- Grey text on colored backgrounds
- Ambiguous spacing between groups
- Full-width buttons edge-to-edge without padding
- Relying on color alone for meaning
- Ignoring safe areas (notch, home indicator)
Reference Files
| Topic |
File |
When to Read |
| Visual hierarchy, labels, emphasis |
mobile-hierarchy.md |
Balancing element importance |
| Spacing, touch targets, layout |
mobile-spacing.md |
Layout decisions |
| Typography, fonts, readability |
mobile-typography.md |
Text styling |
| Color, themes, dark mode |
mobile-color.md |
Color system |
| Shadows, elevation, layers |
mobile-depth.md |
Adding depth |
| Components, navigation, patterns |
mobile-patterns.md |
Platform-specific patterns |
Converted and distributed by TomeVault — claim your Tome and manage your conversions.
1---2name: anilcancakir-my-claude-code-mobile-app-design-mastery3description: Mobile App Design Mastery4---56# Mobile App Design Mastery78Production-grade mobile UI design principles adapted from Refactoring UI for Flutter/native apps.910---1112## Core Mobile Design Workflow1314### 1. Start with a Screen, Not a Shell1516- Design the core functionality of a single screen first17- Don't start with navigation, tab bars, or app chrome18- Work in greyscale first—add color after hierarchy is clear19- Design for the primary device size, then adapt2021### 2. Establish Mobile Systems2223**Spacing Scale (dp/logical pixels):**2425| Token | Size | Use Case |26|-------|------|----------|27| xs | 4 | Micro gaps, icon padding |28| sm | 8 | Tight, within components |29| md | 12 | Related elements |30| base | 16 | Standard padding |31| lg | 24 | Between sections |32| xl | 32 | Major separation |33| 2xl | 48 | Screen margins on tablets |3435**Touch Targets:**3637| Platform | Minimum Size |38|----------|-------------|39| iOS | 44×44 pt |40| Android | 48×48 dp |41| Comfortable | 56×56 |4243**Type Scale (sp/pt):**4445| Size | Use Case |46|------|----------|47| 11-12 | Captions, labels |48| 14 | Body text, default |49| 16 | Emphasized body |50| 18-20 | Subheadings |51| 24 | Screen titles |52| 28-34 | Large titles (iOS style) |5354**Shadow/Elevation Scale (dp):**5556| Level | Elevation | Use Case |57|-------|-----------|----------|58| 0 | 0 | Flat surfaces |59| 1 | 1-2 | Cards, tiles |60| 2 | 4 | Raised buttons, app bar |61| 3 | 8 | Bottom sheets, dialogs |62| 4 | 16 | Navigation drawers |63| 5 | 24 | Modals |6465### 3. Build Mobile Hierarchy6667Mobile screens have limited space—hierarchy is even more critical.6869- **Primary**: Key action/content (one per screen)70- **Secondary**: Supporting info (visible but not competing)71- **Tertiary**: Metadata, timestamps (smallest/lightest)7273Key principles:7475- Size matters more on mobile—but don't overdo it76- Use weight and color before increasing size77- Emphasize by de-emphasizing competing elements78- Icons need softer colors to balance with text7980### 4. Design for Touch8182- Generous touch targets (minimum 44pt/48dp)83- Adequate spacing between interactive elements84- Visual feedback on press (ripples, scale, opacity)85- Swipe actions for common operations8687### 5. Apply Platform-Aware Depth8889- **iOS**: Subtle shadows, blur/frosted glass, less elevation90- **Android**: Material elevation system, layered surfaces91- Use depth to indicate interactivity and focus9293---9495## Mobile Anti-Patterns9697**NEVER do:**9899- Touch targets smaller than 44×44100- Text smaller than 11sp (illegible)101- Grey text on colored backgrounds102- Ambiguous spacing between groups103- Full-width buttons edge-to-edge without padding104- Relying on color alone for meaning105- Ignoring safe areas (notch, home indicator)106107---108109## Reference Files110111| Topic | File | When to Read |112|-------|------|--------------|113| Visual hierarchy, labels, emphasis | [mobile-hierarchy.md](references/mobile-hierarchy.md) | Balancing element importance |114| Spacing, touch targets, layout | [mobile-spacing.md](references/mobile-spacing.md) | Layout decisions |115| Typography, fonts, readability | [mobile-typography.md](references/mobile-typography.md) | Text styling |116| Color, themes, dark mode | [mobile-color.md](references/mobile-color.md) | Color system |117| Shadows, elevation, layers | [mobile-depth.md](references/mobile-depth.md) | Adding depth |118| Components, navigation, patterns | [mobile-patterns.md](references/mobile-patterns.md) | Platform-specific patterns |119120---121> Converted and distributed by [TomeVault](https://tomevault.io/claim/anilcancakir) — claim your Tome and manage your conversions.122<!-- tomevault:4.0:skill_md:2026-04-13 -->