Code Review And Audit

Code Review & Audit

Purpose: Systematic validation of implementations against production guardrails.
Focus: Self-review automation, manual review checklists, security audits, compliance verification.

Pre-Review Automated Checks

Run these before requesting human review or deploying.

Quick Check Script

# Run all automated checks
./scripts/pre-review-check.sh

# Or manually:
dotnet format --verify-no-changes
dotnet build --no-incremental
dotnet test --collect:"XPlat Code Coverage"
dotnet list package --vulnerable --include-transitive

PowerShell Pre-Review Script

# scripts/Pre-Review-Check.ps1
Write-Host "=== Pre-Review Automated Checks ===" -ForegroundColor Cyan

# 1. Format Check
Write-Host "`n[1/6] Checking code formatting..." -ForegroundColor Yellow
dotnet format --verify-no-changes
if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
    Write-Host "❌ Format issues found. Run 'dotnet format'" -ForegroundColor Red
    exit 1
}

# 2. Build
Write-Host "`n[2/6] Building solution..." -ForegroundColor Yellow
dotnet build --no-incremental
if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
    Write-Host "❌ Build failed" -ForegroundColor Red
    exit 1
}

# 3. Tests
Write-Host "`n[3/6] Running tests..." -ForegroundColor Yellow
dotnet test --no-build --verbosity minimal --collect:"XPlat Code Coverage"
if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
    Write-Host "❌ Tests failed" -ForegroundColor Red
    exit 1
}

# 4. Coverage Check (requires ReportGenerator)
Write-Host "`n[4/6] Checking code coverage..." -ForegroundColor Yellow
$coverageFile = Get-ChildItem -Path "TestResults" -Filter "coverage.cobertura.xml" -Recurse | Select-Object -First 1
if ($coverageFile) {
    $xml = [xml](Get-Content $coverageFile.FullName)
    $coverage = [math]::Round([decimal]$xml.coverage.'line-rate' * 100, 2)
    Write-Host "Coverage: $coverage%" -ForegroundColor Cyan
    if ($coverage -lt 80) {
        Write-Host "⚠️  Coverage below 80% threshold" -ForegroundColor Yellow
    }
}

# 5. Security Vulnerabilities
Write-Host "`n[5/6] Checking for vulnerable packages..." -ForegroundColor Yellow
dotnet list package --vulnerable --include-transitive
if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
    Write-Host "❌ Vulnerable packages found" -ForegroundColor Red
    exit 1
}

# 6. Static Analysis (if SonarScanner installed)
if (Get-Command "dotnet-sonarscanner" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) {
    Write-Host "`n[6/6] Running SonarQube analysis..." -ForegroundColor Yellow
    dotnet sonarscanner begin /k:"project-key"
    dotnet build
    dotnet sonarscanner end
}

Write-Host "`n✅ All automated checks passed!" -ForegroundColor Green

Code Review Checklist

Architecture & Design (AGENTS.md Alignment)

• Research → Design → Implement workflow followed
• Architecture documented (ADRs for significant decisions)
• SOLID principles adhered to (especially SRP, DIP)
• Design patterns used appropriately (not over-engineered)
• No premature optimization (YAGNI principle)

Code Quality

• Single Responsibility - Each class/method does one thing
• DRY - No code duplication (extracted to methods/classes)
• KISS - Simple solution, not over-complicated
• Meaningful names - Self-documenting code
• Functions < 50 lines - Long methods refactored
• No magic numbers - Constants with clear names
• No dead code - Unused code removed
• No commented code - Remove or document why kept

Type Safety & Documentation

• Type annotations on all parameters and return values
• Nullable reference types handled correctly
• XML documentation on all public APIs
• Inline comments explain "why", not "what"
• README updated with new features/changes
• API documentation generated and accurate

Error Handling

• Specific exceptions caught (not generic Exception)
• No empty catch blocks - Log or handle properly
• Errors logged with context (correlation IDs)
• Retry logic for transient failures (Polly)
• Circuit breakers for external dependencies
• Timeouts configured on all external calls
• Graceful degradation implemented where needed
• No sensitive data in error messages

Security (OWASP Top 10)

• Input validation - All user inputs sanitized
• SQL parameterized - NEVER string concatenation
• No hardcoded secrets - Use Key Vault/env vars
• Authentication implemented - JWT/OAuth
• Authorization checks - Proper role/claim validation
• HTTPS enforced in production
• CORS configured correctly (not AllowAnyOrigin)
• Rate limiting enabled on public APIs
• Security headers added (CSP, X-Frame-Options, etc.)
• Passwords hashed with BCrypt/Argon2 (work factor ≥12)
• Dependencies audited - No known vulnerabilities

Testing (80%+ Coverage)

• Test pyramid followed (70% unit, 20% integration, 10% e2e)
• Unit tests for all business logic
• Integration tests for API endpoints
• E2E tests for critical user journeys
• Edge cases tested (null, empty, boundary values)
• Error paths tested (exceptions, timeouts)
• Mocks used properly - Isolate unit tests
• Tests are fast (< 1s per unit test)
• Tests are deterministic - No flaky tests
• Code coverage ≥ 80% - Verified

Performance

• Async/await used for I/O operations
• No blocking calls (Task.Result, .Wait())
• Database queries optimized (indexes, projections)
• N+1 queries prevented (Include() or projections)
• Caching implemented where appropriate
• Connection pooling enabled
• Large collections paginated
• Response compression enabled

Database (EF Core)

• Migrations created and tested
• Indexes defined on foreign keys and query filters
• Transactions used for multi-step operations
• AsNoTracking for read-only queries
• Soft deletes implemented (not hard deletes)
• Audit fields present (CreatedAt, UpdatedAt, etc.)

Configuration & Deployment

• Config externalized - No hardcoded values
• Environment-specific settings in appsettings.{env}.json
• Feature flags for toggleable features
• Health checks implemented (liveness + readiness)
• Structured logging with correlation IDs
• Metrics/monitoring configured
• Graceful shutdown handling
• Dependencies version-pinned in lock files

Version Control

• Atomic commits - One logical change per commit
• Conventional commits format followed
• No merge commits in feature branch (use rebase)
• PR description clear and complete
• Tests passing in CI/CD pipeline
• No merge conflicts with main branch

Security Audit Procedures

Automated Security Scans

# 1. Dependency Vulnerabilities
dotnet list package --vulnerable --include-transitive

# 2. .NET Security Analyzers
dotnet add package Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.NetAnalyzers
dotnet build /p:EnableNETAnalyzers=true /p:AnalysisLevel=latest

# 3. SonarQube (if configured)
dotnet sonarscanner begin /k:"project-key" /d:sonar.host.url="http://localhost:9000"
dotnet build
dotnet sonarscanner end

# 4. OWASP ZAP (for running APIs)
docker run -t owasp/zap2docker-stable zap-baseline.py -t https://api.myapp.com

# 5. GitHub Advanced Security (in CI/CD)
# Automatic in GitHub Actions with code scanning enabled

Manual Security Review

# Search for security anti-patterns
grep -r "AllowAnyOrigin" . --include=*.cs
grep -r "SELECT.*\+.*WHERE" . --include=*.cs  # SQL concatenation
grep -r "password.*=.*\"" . --include=*.cs     # Hardcoded passwords
grep -r "api[_-]?key.*=.*\"" . --include=*.cs  # Hardcoded API keys
grep -r "\.Wait()" . --include=*.cs            # Blocking async calls

PowerShell Security Scan:

# Find security issues
Write-Host "Scanning for security anti-patterns..." -ForegroundColor Yellow

$patterns = @{
    "Hardcoded Secrets" = 'password|apikey|secret|connectionstring.*=.*"[^"]+"'
    "SQL Injection Risk" = 'SELECT.*\+|ExecuteSqlRaw.*\+'
    "CORS Issues" = 'AllowAnyOrigin|AllowAnyHeader|AllowAnyMethod'
    "Blocking Async" = '\.Wait\(\)|\.Result[^a-zA-Z]'
}

foreach ($pattern in $patterns.GetEnumerator()) {
    Write-Host "`nChecking: $($pattern.Key)" -ForegroundColor Cyan
    Get-ChildItem -Recurse -Include *.cs | Select-String -Pattern $pattern.Value
}

Compliance Verification

OWASP Top 10 (2025) Checklist

• A01: Broken Access Control - Authorization on all endpoints
• A02: Cryptographic Failures - HTTPS, encrypted data at rest
• A03: Injection - Parameterized queries, input validation
• A04: Insecure Design - Threat modeling, secure patterns
• A05: Security Misconfiguration - No default credentials, hardened config
• A06: Vulnerable Components - Dependencies updated, no CVEs
• A07: Authentication Failures - MFA, rate limiting, secure sessions
• A08: Software/Data Integrity - Signed packages, CI/CD security
• A09: Logging Failures - Security events logged, alerting configured
• A10: SSRF - Validate/sanitize URLs, whitelist allowed domains

Production Readiness (AGENTS.md Checklist)

Development

• Functionality verified with edge cases
• Type annotations and XML docs complete
• Error handling with logging
• Input validation/sanitization
• No hardcoded secrets

Testing & Quality

• Unit, integration, e2e tests passing (80%+ coverage)
• Linters and formatters passing
• No code duplication or dead code

Security

• SQL queries parameterized
• Auth/authz implemented
• OWASP Top 10 addressed

Operations

• Structured logging, metrics, alerts
• Health checks (liveness/readiness)
• Config externalized per environment
• Dependencies version-pinned
• Database migrations tested
• CI/CD pipeline passing
• Deployment rollback strategy defined

Review Tools

Static Analysis

Coverage Tools

# Generate coverage report
dotnet test --collect:"XPlat Code Coverage"

# Install ReportGenerator
dotnet tool install -g dotnet-reportgenerator-globaltool

# Generate HTML report
reportgenerator \
  -reports:"**/coverage.cobertura.xml" \
  -targetdir:"coveragereport" \
  -reporttypes:Html

# Open report
start coveragereport/index.html  # Windows
open coveragereport/index.html   # macOS

CI/CD Integration

GitHub Actions (.github/workflows/review.yml):

name: Code Review Checks

on: [pull_request]

jobs:
  review:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
      
      - name: Setup .NET
        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@v3
        with:
          dotnet-version: '8.0.x'
      
      - name: Restore dependencies
        run: dotnet restore
      
      - name: Format check
        run: dotnet format --verify-no-changes
      
      - name: Build
        run: dotnet build --no-restore
      
      - name: Test with coverage
        run: dotnet test --no-build --collect:"XPlat Code Coverage"
      
      - name: Security scan
        run: dotnet list package --vulnerable --include-transitive
      
      - name: Upload coverage
        uses: codecov/codecov-action@v3

Review Workflow

1. Self-Review (Pre-PR)

# Run automated checks
./scripts/pre-review-check.sh

# Review own changes
git diff main...HEAD

# Check file changes
git diff --name-only main...HEAD

# Review commit messages
git log main..HEAD --oneline

2. Submit for Review

# Create PR with template
gh pr create --title "feat(auth): Add OAuth integration" \
  --body "$(cat .github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md)"

3. Address Feedback

# Make changes
git add .
git commit -m "fix: Address review feedback"

# Update PR
git push origin feature-branch

# Re-run checks
./scripts/pre-review-check.sh

4. Final Approval

• All review comments addressed
• CI/CD pipeline passing
• Code coverage maintained/improved
• Security scan clean
• Two approvals received (if required)

Best Practices

✅ DO

• Automate checks - Pre-commit hooks, CI/CD
• Review incrementally - Small, focused PRs
• Use checklists - Ensure nothing missed
• Run security scans - Before every release
• Document decisions - ADRs for architecture
• Test audit scripts - Verify they catch issues
• Update checklists - As standards evolve

❌ DON'T

• Skip automated checks - Always run before PR
• Large PRs - > 400 lines hard to review
• Review own code only - Get peer review
• Ignore warnings - Fix or document exceptions
• Manual-only audits - Automate what you can
• Deploy without audit - Security scans mandatory

Quick Reference

Pre-Review Command:

dotnet format --verify-no-changes && \
dotnet build && \
dotnet test --collect:"XPlat Code Coverage" && \
dotnet list package --vulnerable --include-transitive

Security Scan:

grep -rn "password.*=.*\"" . --include=*.cs
dotnet list package --vulnerable

Coverage Check:

dotnet test --collect:"XPlat Code Coverage"
reportgenerator -reports:"**/coverage.cobertura.xml" -targetdir:"coverage"

See Also: AGENTS.md • 02-testing.md • 04-security.md • 16-remote-git-operations.md

Last Updated: January 13, 2026

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