tomevault-io Database Patterns
Database design and optimization patterns.
Schema Design
- Use appropriate data types
- Add NOT NULL where applicable
- Use foreign keys for relationships
- Index frequently queried columns
Indexing
-- Single column
CREATE INDEX idx_users_email ON users(email);
-- Composite (order matters)
CREATE INDEX idx_orders_user_date ON orders(user_id, created_at);
Query Optimization
N+1 Problem
-- Bad: N+1 queries
SELECT * FROM users;
SELECT * FROM orders WHERE user_id = 1;
SELECT * FROM orders WHERE user_id = 2;
...
-- Good: JOIN or eager load
SELECT u.*, o.* FROM users u
LEFT JOIN orders o ON o.user_id = u.id;
Migrations
- One migration per change
- Up and down migrations
- Never modify deployed migrations
- Test rollback
Connection Pooling
- Reuse connections
- Set appropriate pool size
- Handle connection timeouts
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