L Write Block E2e

E2E Test Generator for Lowdefy Blocks

Generate comprehensive end-to-end tests for Lowdefy block components using Playwright.

Usage

/l-write-block-e2e blocks-antd Button
/l-write-block-e2e blocks-basic Span
/l-write-block-e2e blocks-antd TextInput

Prerequisites

Before generating tests, ensure the block package has e2e infrastructure:

1. e2e/playwright.config.js - Playwright configuration
2. e2e/app/lowdefy.yaml - Test app configuration
3. package.json - Has e2e and e2e:ui scripts
4. @lowdefy/block-dev-e2e - Dev dependency installed

If missing, set up the infrastructure first (see Package Setup section).

Instructions

Step 1: Analyze the Block

Read these files to understand the block:

1. Block component (src/blocks/{BlockName}/{BlockName}.js)

   • Check ID pattern: id={blockId} (display) vs id={\${blockId}_input`}` (input)
   • Does it use Label wrapper? (input blocks do)
   • What events does it support?

2. Schema (src/blocks/{BlockName}/schema.json)

   • All available properties with types and defaults
   • All available events

Step 2: Identify Block Type and Create Helper

CRITICAL: Always start with getBlock() which uses the framework wrapper #bl-{blockId}

The framework wrapper (#bl-{blockId}) is guaranteed to exist for ALL block types and should be your primary selector. getBlock(page, blockId) returns this wrapper element.

CRITICAL: Always use escapeId() when interpolating blockId into CSS selectors.

Block IDs can contain dots (e.g., form.field.name) which CSS interprets as class selectors. Always wrap with escapeId():

import { escapeId } from '@lowdefy/e2e-utils';

Two-step pattern for all blocks:

1. Get the framework wrapper: getBlock(page, blockId) → #bl-{blockId} (already escaped internally)
2. Locate the Ant Design component inside: .locator('.ant-xxx')

Display Blocks (Button, Alert, Badge, Progress, Result, etc.):

// Pattern: getBlock() returns wrapper, then locate Ant component inside
const getButton = (page, blockId) => getBlock(page, blockId).locator('.ant-btn');
const getAlert = (page, blockId) => getBlock(page, blockId).locator('.ant-alert');
const getBadge = (page, blockId) => getBlock(page, blockId).locator('.ant-badge');
const getProgress = (page, blockId) => getBlock(page, blockId).locator('.ant-progress');

Typography Display Blocks (Title, Paragraph):

const getTitle = (page, blockId) => getBlock(page, blockId).locator('h1, h2, h3, h4, h5');
const getParagraph = (page, blockId) => getBlock(page, blockId).locator('.ant-typography');

Input Blocks with Label (TextInput, NumberInput, etc.):

• Input element has a known ID pattern: ${blockId}_input
• Still use getBlock() for the wrapper when checking labels, clear buttons, etc.

import { escapeId } from '@lowdefy/e2e-utils';

// For the input element specifically (has its own ID)
const getInput = (page, blockId) => page.locator(`#${escapeId(blockId)}_input`);

// For wrapper-level operations (hover for clear button, check label, etc.)
// Use getBlock(page, blockId) directly

Select/Dropdown Blocks (Selector, MultipleSelector, etc.):

• Ant Design controls the .ant-select wrapper (we can't add IDs to it)
• Scope with the input ID we DO control

const getSelector = (page, blockId) => page.locator(`.ant-select:has(#${escapeId(blockId)}_input)`);
const getOption = (page, blockId, index) => page.locator(`#${escapeId(blockId)}_${index}`);

Step 3: Create Test Fixtures

Create src/blocks/{BlockName}/tests/{BlockName}.e2e.yaml:

# Copyright 2020-2026 Lowdefy, Inc
# ... license header ...

id: blockname # Page ID - lowercase, used in URL
type: Box

events:
  onInit:
    - id: set_defaults
      type: SetState
      params:
        blockname_with_value: Initial Value
        blockname_clearable: Clear me

blocks:
  # ============================================
  # BASIC RENDERING
  # ============================================

  - id: blockname_basic
    type: BlockName
    properties:
      title: Basic Title

  - id: blockname_with_value
    type: BlockName
    properties:
      title: With Value

  # ============================================
  # PROPERTY TESTS
  # ============================================

  - id: blockname_disabled
    type: BlockName
    properties:
      disabled: true

  - id: blockname_small
    type: BlockName
    properties:
      size: small

  # ============================================
  # EVENT TESTS
  # ============================================

  # For value-based events (onChange with value)
  - id: blockname_onchange
    type: BlockName
    events:
      onChange:
        - id: set_onchange
          type: SetState
          params:
            blockname_onchange_value:
              _event: value

  - id: onchange_display
    type: Span
    properties:
      content:
        _if:
          test:
            _ne:
              - _state: blockname_onchange_value
              - null
          then:
            _string.concat:
              - 'Value: '
              - _state: blockname_onchange_value
          else: ''

  # For boolean events (onBlur, onFocus, etc.)
  - id: blockname_onblur
    type: BlockName
    events:
      onBlur:
        - id: set_onblur
          type: SetState
          params:
            blockname_onblur_fired: true

  - id: onblur_display
    type: Span
    properties:
      content:
        _if:
          test:
            _eq:
              - _state: blockname_onblur_fired
              - true
          then: Blur fired
          else: ''

  # ============================================
  # INTERACTION TESTS
  # ============================================

  - id: blockname_clearable
    type: BlockName
    properties:
      allowClear: true

Block ID Naming Convention:

• {blockname}_basic - Basic rendering
• {blockname}_{property} - Property-specific (e.g., textinput_disabled)
• {blockname}_on{event} - Event tests (e.g., textinput_onblur)
• Use lowercase, underscores

Step 4: Create Test Spec

Create src/blocks/{BlockName}/tests/{BlockName}.e2e.spec.js:

For Display Blocks (Button, Alert, Badge, etc.):

/*
  Copyright 2020-2026 Lowdefy, Inc

  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  ...
*/

import { test, expect } from '@playwright/test';
import { getBlock, navigateToTestPage } from '@lowdefy/block-dev-e2e';
import { escapeId } from '@lowdefy/e2e-utils';

// Display block: use framework wrapper, then locate Ant component inside
const getButton = (page, blockId) => getBlock(page, blockId).locator('.ant-btn');

test.describe('Button Block', () => {
  test.beforeEach(async ({ page }) => {
    await navigateToTestPage(page, 'button'); // matches yaml id
  });

  test('renders basic button', async ({ page }) => {
    const block = getBlock(page, 'button_basic');
    await expect(block).toBeVisible();
    const button = getButton(page, 'button_basic');
    await expect(button).toHaveText('Click Me');
  });

  test('renders primary type', async ({ page }) => {
    const button = getButton(page, 'button_primary');
    await expect(button).toHaveClass(/ant-btn-primary/);
  });

  test('renders disabled state', async ({ page }) => {
    const button = getButton(page, 'button_disabled');
    await expect(button).toBeDisabled();
  });

  test('onClick event fires', async ({ page }) => {
    const button = getButton(page, 'button_onclick');
    await button.click();
    const display = getBlock(page, 'onclick_display');
    await expect(display).toHaveText('Clicked!');
  });
});

For Input Blocks (TextInput, NumberInput, etc.):

import { test, expect } from '@playwright/test';
import { getBlock, navigateToTestPage } from '@lowdefy/block-dev-e2e';
import { escapeId } from '@lowdefy/e2e-utils';

// Input block: input element has specific ID pattern
const getInput = (page, blockId) => page.locator(`#${escapeId(blockId)}_input`);

test.describe('TextInput Block', () => {
  test.beforeEach(async ({ page }) => {
    await navigateToTestPage(page, 'textinput');
  });

  test('renders with label', async ({ page }) => {
    const block = getBlock(page, 'textinput_basic');
    await expect(block).toBeVisible();
    const label = block.locator('label');
    await expect(label).toContainText('Basic Input');
  });

  test('renders with initial value', async ({ page }) => {
    const input = getInput(page, 'textinput_with_value');
    await expect(input).toHaveValue('Initial Value');
  });

  test('renders disabled state', async ({ page }) => {
    const input = getInput(page, 'textinput_disabled');
    await expect(input).toBeDisabled();
  });

  test('renders small size', async ({ page }) => {
    const input = getInput(page, 'textinput_small');
    await expect(input).toHaveClass(/ant-input-sm/);
  });

  test('onChange event fires when value changes', async ({ page }) => {
    const input = getInput(page, 'textinput_onchange');
    await input.fill('New Value');
    const display = getBlock(page, 'onchange_display');
    await expect(display).toHaveText('Value: New Value');
  });

  test('can clear value with clear button', async ({ page }) => {
    const block = getBlock(page, 'textinput_clearable');
    const input = getInput(page, 'textinput_clearable');
    await expect(input).toHaveValue('Clear me');
    await block.hover();
    const clearBtn = block.locator('.ant-input-clear-icon');
    await clearBtn.click();
    await expect(input).toHaveValue('');
  });
});

Step 5: Add Page Reference

Add the test page to e2e/app/lowdefy.yaml:

pages:
  - _ref: ../../src/blocks/{BlockName}/tests/{BlockName}.e2e.yaml

Step 6: Run and Validate

pnpm e2e  # Run all tests
pnpm e2e -- --grep "BlockName"  # Run specific block tests

Fix any failures before committing.

Selector Strategy

Framework Wrapper ID Pattern

All Lowdefy blocks are wrapped by BlockLayout which renders id="bl-{blockId}". This wrapper ID is framework-guaranteed and always exists, making it the most reliable selector for targeting blocks.

• getBlock(page, blockId) uses #bl-{blockId} (framework wrapper, escapes internally)
• Input elements use #${escapeId(blockId)}_input (component-rendered, must escape manually)
• Options use #${escapeId(blockId)}_0, #${escapeId(blockId)}_1, etc. (must escape manually)

Selector Priority (Most to Least Preferred)

Role-Based Selectors (Preferred for Ant Design Buttons)

Use Playwright's role-based selectors for Ant Design action buttons:

// Copy button - single element, works directly
const copyBtn = block.getByRole('button', { name: 'Copy' });

// Edit button - Ant Design has nested elements, use .first()
const editBtn = block.getByRole('button', { name: 'Edit' }).first();

Why role-based is better:

• Uses semantic meaning (what the button does) not implementation (class names)
• Less fragile than class selectors like .ant-typography-copy
• Ant Design won't change accessible names without it being a breaking change

About Class Selectors

We use .ant-select:has(#${escapeId(blockId)}_input) for Selector blocks because:

• The .ant-select wrapper is created internally by Ant Design
• We cannot add data-testid to it (we don't control that element)
• We scope it with the ID we DO control to ensure uniqueness
• This is standard practice for testing Ant Design components

When class selectors are still needed:

• Style assertions: await expect(input).toHaveClass(/ant-input-sm/);
• Elements without accessible names (wrapper divs, icons)
• The .ant-typography-edit-content wrapper for Typography edit mode

Ant Design Class Patterns

Size Classes

Style Classes

Typography Classes

Common Test Patterns

Testing Clear Button (requires hover)

test('can clear value', async ({ page }) => {
  const block = getBlock(page, 'blockname_clearable');
  const input = getInput(page, 'blockname_clearable');

  await expect(input).toHaveValue('Clear me');
  await block.hover();
  const clearBtn = block.locator('.ant-input-clear-icon');
  await clearBtn.click();
  await expect(input).toHaveValue('');
});

Testing NumberInput Controls

test('can increment with controls', async ({ page }) => {
  const block = getBlock(page, 'numberinput_controls');
  const input = getInput(page, 'numberinput_controls');

  await expect(input).toHaveValue('10');
  await block.hover();
  const upHandler = block.locator('.ant-input-number-handler-up');
  await upHandler.click();
  await expect(input).toHaveValue('11');
});

Testing Select Dropdown

test('can select option', async ({ page }) => {
  const selector = getSelector(page, 'selector_basic');
  await selector.click();

  const option = getOption(page, 'selector_basic', 1);
  await option.click();

  const selected = selector.locator('.ant-select-selection-item');
  await expect(selected).toHaveText('Option 2');
});

Testing Password Visibility Toggle

test('can toggle password visibility', async ({ page }) => {
  const block = getBlock(page, 'passwordinput_visibility');
  const input = getInput(page, 'passwordinput_visibility');

  await expect(input).toHaveAttribute('type', 'password');
  const toggle = block.locator('.ant-input-password-icon');
  await toggle.click();
  await expect(input).toHaveAttribute('type', 'text');
});

Known Patterns

Typography Editable (TitleInput, ParagraphInput)

The editable typography components replace the element with an edit wrapper when clicking the edit button:

test('can edit title and onChange fires', async ({ page }) => {
  const block = getBlock(page, 'titleinput_onchange');

  // Click the edit button - use role-based selector with .first()
  // (Ant Design has nested button elements)
  const editBtn = block.getByRole('button', { name: 'Edit' }).first();
  await editBtn.click();

  // After clicking, the element is replaced with an editable wrapper
  // Use page.locator to find the textarea (not block.locator)
  const textarea = page.locator('.ant-typography-edit-content textarea');
  await expect(textarea).toBeVisible();
  await textarea.fill('New Title Value');

  // Press Enter to confirm
  await textarea.press('Enter');

  // Verify the onChange event fired
  const display = getBlock(page, 'onchange_display');
  await expect(display).toHaveText('Value: New Title Value');
});

test('onCopy event fires when copy button is clicked', async ({ page }) => {
  const block = getBlock(page, 'titleinput_oncopy');

  // Copy button - role-based selector works directly (single element)
  const copyBtn = block.getByRole('button', { name: 'Copy' });
  await copyBtn.click();

  const display = getBlock(page, 'oncopy_display');
  await expect(display).toHaveText('Copy fired');
});

Key insights:

• When Typography enters edit mode, the heading/paragraph is replaced with a div.ant-typography-edit-content containing a textarea
• Use page.locator('.ant-typography-edit-content textarea') instead of block.locator('textarea')
• For onCopy to fire, copyable must be an object (e.g., copyable: { text: 'Copy text' }), not just true

TextArea maxLength

TextArea enforces maxLength at component level, not via HTML attribute. Test by filling more characters and checking result:

await textarea.fill('a'.repeat(150));
const value = await textarea.inputValue();
expect(value.length).toBeLessThanOrEqual(100);

DatePicker Blocks (DateSelector, DateTimeSelector, etc.)

Date picker blocks use Ant Design's DatePicker which has specific patterns:

// Helper to get the picker wrapper (use framework wrapper ID)
const getPicker = (page, blockId) => page.locator(`#bl-${escapeId(blockId)} .ant-picker`);

// Helper to get the input
const getInput = (page, blockId) => page.locator(`#${escapeId(blockId)}_input`);

test('can select a date', async ({ page }) => {
  const input = getInput(page, 'ds_basic');
  await input.click();

  // Wait for dropdown
  const dropdown = page.locator('.ant-picker-dropdown:visible');
  await expect(dropdown).toBeVisible();

  // Use .ant-picker-cell-in-view for reliable date cell targeting
  // (more reliable than .ant-picker-cell-today which may not be visible)
  const dateCell = page.locator('.ant-picker-cell-in-view').first();
  await dateCell.click();

  await expect(input).toHaveValue(/\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}/);
});

test('can clear value', async ({ page }) => {
  const picker = getPicker(page, 'ds_clearable');
  const input = getInput(page, 'ds_clearable');

  // First select a date
  await input.click();
  await page.locator('.ant-picker-cell-in-view').first().click();

  // Hover to reveal clear button
  await picker.hover();
  await picker.locator('.ant-picker-clear').click();
  await expect(input).toHaveValue('');
});

Key insights:

• DatePicker size classes are ant-picker-small/large (not sm/lg)
• Use .ant-picker-cell-in-view for reliable date cell selection
• RangePicker: start input has ID, end input needs .ant-picker-input:last-child input

Package Setup (First-Time Only)

1. Create e2e/playwright.config.js

/*
  Copyright 2020-2026 Lowdefy, Inc
  ... license header ...
*/

import path from 'path';
import { fileURLToPath } from 'url';
import { createPlaywrightConfig } from '@lowdefy/block-dev-e2e';

const packageDir = path.dirname(path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)));

export default createPlaywrightConfig({
  packageDir,
  port: 3002, // See port assignments below
});

2. Create e2e/app/lowdefy.yaml

# Copyright 2020-2026 Lowdefy, Inc
# ... license header ...

lowdefy: local
name: {package-name} E2E Tests

pages:
  - _ref: ../../src/blocks/{BlockName}/tests/{BlockName}.e2e.yaml

3. Update package.json

"devDependencies": {
  "@lowdefy/block-dev-e2e": "4.5.2",
  "@playwright/test": "1.50.1"
}

"scripts": {
  "e2e": "playwright test --config e2e/playwright.config.js",
  "e2e:ui": "playwright test --config e2e/playwright.config.js --ui"
}

Shared Utilities

The @lowdefy/block-dev-e2e package provides:

• createPlaywrightConfig({ packageDir, port }) - Creates Playwright config
• getBlock(page, blockId) - Gets element by #bl-{blockId} (framework wrapper ID)
• navigateToTestPage(page, pageId) - Navigates to test page

Port Assignments

Commit Convention

test({package}): Add {BlockName} e2e tests

Add Playwright e2e tests for {BlockName} covering:
- {list key test scenarios}

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

Source: lowdefy/lowdefy — distributed by TomeVault.