Playwright Roll

Help the user roll to a new version of Playwright. ROLLING.md contains general instructions and scripts.

Start with running ./scripts/roll_driver.sh to update the version and generate the API to see the state of things. Afterwards, work through the list of changes that need to be backported. You can find a list of pull requests that might need to be taking into account in the issue titled "Backport changes". Work through them one-by-one and check off the items that you have handled. Not all of them will be relevant, some might have partially been reverted, etc. - so feel free to check with the upstream release branch.

Rolling includes:

• updating client implementation to match changes in the upstream JS implementation (see ../playwright/packages/playwright-core/src/client)
• adding a couple of new tests to verify new/changed functionality

Mimicking the JavaScript implementation

The Java client is a port of the JS client in ../playwright/packages/playwright-core/src/client/. When implementing a new or changed method, always read the corresponding JS file first and mirror its logic:

../playwright/packages/playwright-core/src/client/browserContext.ts
../playwright/packages/playwright-core/src/client/page.ts
../playwright/packages/playwright-core/src/client/tracing.ts
../playwright/packages/playwright-core/src/client/video.ts
../playwright/packages/playwright-core/src/client/locator.ts
../playwright/packages/playwright-core/src/client/network.ts
...

Key translation rules:

Protocol calls — await this._channel.methodName(params) → sendMessage("methodName", params, NO_TIMEOUT)

Extracting a returned channel object from a result — JS uses SomeClass.from(result.foo) which resolves the JS-side object for a channel reference. In Java, the object was already created when the server sent __create__, so extract it from the connection: connection.getExistingObject(result.getAsJsonObject("foo").get("guid").getAsString())

Async/await — all await calls become synchronous sendMessage(...) calls since the Java client is synchronous.

undefined / optional params — JS options?.foo checks translate to if (options != null && options.foo != null) null checks before adding to the params JsonObject.

_channel fields — the JS this._channel.foo maps to calling sendMessage("foo", ...) on this in the Impl class.

Channel object references in params — when a JS call passes a channel object as a param (e.g. { frame: frame._channel }), in Java pass the guid: params.addProperty("frame", ((FrameImpl) frame).guid).

Fixing generator and compilation errors

After running ./scripts/roll_driver.sh, the build often fails because the generated Java interfaces reference new types or methods that the generator doesn't know how to handle yet, and the *Impl classes don't implement new interface methods.

ApiGenerator.java fixes (tools/api-generator/src/main/java/com/microsoft/playwright/tools/ApiGenerator.java)

The generator has hardcoded lists that control which imports are added to each generated file. When new classes appear in the API, add them to the relevant lists in Interface.writeTo:

• options.* import list — add new classes that use types from the options package
• java.util.* import list — add new classes that use List, Map, etc.
• java.util.function.Consumer list — add new classes with Consumer-typed event handlers

Type mapping: when JS-only types (like Disposable) are used as return types in Java-compatible methods, add a mapping in convertBuiltinType. For example, Disposable → AutoCloseable.

Event handler generation: events with void type generate invalid Consumer<void>. Handle this case in Event.writeListenerMethods by emitting Runnable instead.

After editing the generator, recompile and re-run it:

mvn -f tools/api-generator/pom.xml compile -q
mvn -f tools/api-generator/pom.xml exec:java -Dexec.mainClass=com.microsoft.playwright.tools.ApiGenerator

Impl class fixes (playwright/src/main/java/com/microsoft/playwright/impl/)

After regenerating, compile playwright/ to find what's missing:

mvn -f playwright/pom.xml compile 2>&1 | grep "ERROR"

Common patterns:

Return type changed (e.g. void → AutoCloseable): Update the method signature in the Impl class and return an appropriate AutoCloseable. Check the JS client to see what kind of disposable is used:

• If JS returns DisposableObject.from(result.disposable) — the server created a disposable channel object. Extract its guid from the protocol result and return connection.getExistingObject(guid) (a DisposableObject).
• If JS returns new DisposableStub(() => this.someCleanup()) — it's a local callback. Return new DisposableStub(this::someCleanup) in Java.
• Examples: addInitScript/exposeBinding/exposeFunction → DisposableObject; route(...) → DisposableStub(() -> unroute(...)); Tracing.group → DisposableStub(this::groupEnd); Video.start → DisposableStub(this::stop).

New method missing: Add a stub implementation. Common patterns:

• Simple protocol message: sendMessage("methodName", params, NO_TIMEOUT)
• New property accessor (e.g. from initializer): return initializer.get("fieldName").getAsString()
• Delegation to mainFrame (for Page methods): return mainFrame.locator(":root").method(...)

New interface entirely (e.g. Debugger): Create a new *Impl class extending ChannelOwner, implement the interface, and register the type in Connection.java's switch statement. Initialize the field from the parent's initializer in the parent's constructor (e.g. connection.getExistingObject(initializer.getAsJsonObject("debugger").get("guid").getAsString())).

Field visibility: If a field needs to be accessed from a sibling Impl class (e.g. setting existingResponse on RequestImpl from BrowserContextImpl), change it from private to package-private.

ListenerCollection only supports Consumer<T>, not Runnable. For void events that use Runnable handlers, maintain a plain List<Runnable> instead.

Protocol changes that remove events — when a method's response now returns an object directly instead of via a subsequent event, update the Impl to capture it from the sendMessage result and remove the old event handler. Example: videoStart used to fire a "video" page event to deliver the artifact; it now returns the artifact directly in the response. Check git history of the upstream JS client when tests hang unexpectedly.

Protocol parameter renames — protocol parameter names can change between versions (e.g. wsEndpoint → endpoint in BrowserType.connect). When a test fails with expected string, got undefined or similar validation errors from the driver, check packages/protocol/src/protocol.yml for the current parameter names and update the corresponding params.addProperty(...) call in the Impl class. Also check the JS client (src/client/) to see how it builds the params object.

Porting and verifying tests

Before porting an upstream test file, check the API exists in Java. The upstream repo may have test files for brand-new APIs that haven't been added to the Java interface yet (e.g., screencast.spec.ts tests page.screencast which may not be in the generated Page.java). Check git diff main --name-only to see what interfaces were added this roll, and verify the method exists in the generated Java interface before porting.

Java test file names don't always match upstream spec names. TestScreencast.java tests recordVideo video-file recording (which corresponds to video.spec.ts), not the newer page.screencast streaming API (screencast.spec.ts). When comparing coverage, check test content, not just file names.

Remove tests for behavior that was removed upstream. When the JS client drops a client-side error check (e.g., "Page is not yet closed before saveAs", "Page did not produce any video frames"), delete the corresponding Java tests rather than trying to keep them passing. Check the upstream tests/library/ spec to confirm the behavior is gone.

Run the full suite to catch regressions, re-run flaky failures in isolation. Some tests (e.g., TestClientCertificates#shouldKeepSupportingHttp) time out only under heavy parallel load. Run the failing test alone to confirm it's flaky before investigating further.

Commit Convention

Semantic commit messages: label(scope): description

Labels: fix, feat, chore, docs, test, devops

git checkout -b fix-39562
# ... make changes ...
git add <changed-files>
git commit -m "$(cat <<'EOF'
fix(proxy): handle SOCKS proxy authentication

Fixes: https://github.com/microsoft/playwright-java/issues/39562
EOF
)"
git push origin fix-39562
gh pr create --repo microsoft/playwright-java --head username:fix-39562 \
  --title "fix(proxy): handle SOCKS proxy authentication" \
  --body "$(cat <<'EOF'
## Summary
- <describe the change very! briefly>

Fixes https://github.com/microsoft/playwright-java/issues/39562
EOF
)"

Never add Co-Authored-By agents in commit message. Never add "Generated with" in commit message. Branch naming for issue fixes: fix-<issue-number>

Tips & Tricks

• Project checkouts are in the parent directory (../).
• When updating checkboxes, store the issue content into /tmp and edit it there, then update the issue based on the file
• use the "gh" cli to interact with GitHub

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