2580 Generate Content Spec Cd1c4cdc

The Gemini API supports content generation with images, audio, code, tools, and more. For details on each of these features, read on and check out the task-focused sample code, or read the comprehensive guides.

• Text generation
• Vision
• Audio
• Embeddings
• Long context
• Code execution
• JSON Mode
• Function calling
• System instructions

Method: models.generateContent

• Endpoint
• Path parameters
• Request body
  • JSON representation
• Response body
• Authorization scopes
• Example request
  • Text
  • Image
  • Audio
  • Video
  • PDF
  • Chat
  • Cache
  • Tuned Model
  • JSON Mode
  • Code execution
  • Function Calling
  • Generation config
  • Safety Settings
  • System Instruction

Generates a model response given an input GenerateContentRequest. Refer to the text generation guide for detailed usage information. Input capabilities differ between models, including tuned models. Refer to the model guide and tuning guide for details.

Endpoint

post https:``/``/generativelanguage.googleapis.com``/v1beta``/{model=models``/*}:generateContent

Path parameters

model string
Required. The name of the Model to use for generating the completion.

Format: models/{model}. It takes the form models/{model}.

Request body

The request body contains data with the following structure: Fields contents[] object (Content)
Required. The content of the current conversation with the model.

For single-turn queries, this is a single instance. For multi-turn queries like chat, this is a repeated field that contains the conversation history and the latest request. tools[] object (Tool)
Optional. A list of Tools the Model may use to generate the next response.

A Tool is a piece of code that enables the system to interact with external systems to perform an action, or set of actions, outside of knowledge and scope of the Model. Supported Tools are Function and codeExecution. Refer to the Function calling and the Code execution guides to learn more. toolConfig object (ToolConfig)
Optional. Tool configuration for any Tool specified in the request. Refer to the Function calling guide for a usage example. safetySettings[] object (SafetySetting)
Optional. A list of unique SafetySetting instances for blocking unsafe content.

This will be enforced on the GenerateContentRequest.contents and GenerateContentResponse.candidates. There should not be more than one setting for each SafetyCategory type. The API will block any contents and responses that fail to meet the thresholds set by these settings. This list overrides the default settings for each SafetyCategory specified in the safetySettings. If there is no SafetySetting for a given SafetyCategory provided in the list, the API will use the default safety setting for that category. Harm categories HARM_CATEGORY_HATE_SPEECH, HARM_CATEGORY_SEXUALLY_EXPLICIT, HARM_CATEGORY_DANGEROUS_CONTENT, HARM_CATEGORY_HARASSMENT, HARM_CATEGORY_CIVIC_INTEGRITY are supported. Refer to the guide for detailed information on available safety settings. Also refer to the Safety guidance to learn how to incorporate safety considerations in your AI applications. systemInstruction object (Content)
Optional. Developer set system instruction(s). Currently, text only. generationConfig object (GenerationConfig)
Optional. Configuration options for model generation and outputs. cachedContent string
Optional. The name of the content cached to use as context to serve the prediction. Format: cachedContents/{cachedContent}

Example request

Text

Python

from google import genai

client = genai.Client()
response = client.models.generate_content(
    model="gemini-2.0-flash", contents="Write a story about a magic backpack."
)
print(response.text)  
https://github.com/google-gemini/api-examples/blob/856e8a0f566a2810625cecabba6e2ab1fe97e496/python/text_generation.py#L26-L32

Node.js

// Make sure to include the following import:
// import {GoogleGenAI} from '@google/genai';
const ai = new GoogleGenAI({ apiKey: process.env.GEMINI_API_KEY });

const response = await ai.models.generateContent({
  model: "gemini-2.0-flash",
  contents: "Write a story about a magic backpack.",
});
console.log(response.text);  
https://github.com/google-gemini/api-examples/blob/856e8a0f566a2810625cecabba6e2ab1fe97e496/javascript/text_generation.js#L36-L44

Go

ctx := context.Background()
client, err := genai.NewClient(ctx, &genai.ClientConfig{
	APIKey:  os.Getenv("GEMINI_API_KEY"),
	Backend: genai.BackendGeminiAPI,
})
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(err)
}
contents := []*genai.Content{
	genai.NewContentFromText("Write a story about a magic backpack.", genai.RoleUser),
}
response, err := client.Models.GenerateContent(ctx, "gemini-2.0-flash", contents, nil)
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(err)
}
printResponse(response)  
https://github.com/google-gemini/api-examples/blob/856e8a0f566a2810625cecabba6e2ab1fe97e496/go/text_generation.go#L16-L31

Shell

curl "https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com/v1beta/models/gemini-2.0-flash:generateContent?key=$GEMINI_API_KEY" \
    -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
    -X POST \
    -d '{
      "contents": [{
        "parts":[{"text": "Write a story about a magic backpack."}]
        }]
       }' 2> /dev/null  
https://github.com/google-gemini/deprecated-generative-ai-python/blob/7a7cc5474ddaa0255a4410e05361028a24400abd/samples/rest/text_generation.sh#L21-L29

Java

Client client = new Client();

GenerateContentResponse response =
        client.models.generateContent(
                "gemini-2.0-flash",
                "Write a story about a magic backpack.",
                null);

System.out.println(response.text());  
https://github.com/google-gemini/api-examples/blob/856e8a0f566a2810625cecabba6e2ab1fe97e496/java/src/main/java/com/example/gemini/TextGeneration.java#L34-L42

Image

Python

from google import genai
import PIL.Image

client = genai.Client()
organ = PIL.Image.open(media / "organ.jpg")
response = client.models.generate_content(
    model="gemini-2.0-flash", contents=["Tell me about this instrument", organ]
)
print(response.text)  
https://github.com/google-gemini/api-examples/blob/856e8a0f566a2810625cecabba6e2ab1fe97e496/python/text_generation.py#L50-L58

Node.js

// Make sure to include the following import:
// import {GoogleGenAI} from '@google/genai';
const ai = new GoogleGenAI({ apiKey: process.env.GEMINI_API_KEY });

const organ = await ai.files.upload({
  file: path.join(media, "organ.jpg"),
});

const response = await ai.models.generateContent({
  model: "gemini-2.0-flash",
  contents: [
    createUserContent([
      "Tell me about this instrument", 
      createPartFromUri(organ.uri, organ.mimeType)
    ]),
  ],
});
console.log(response.text);  
https://github.com/google-gemini/api-examples/blob/856e8a0f566a2810625cecabba6e2ab1fe97e496/javascript/text_generation.js#L70-L87

Go

ctx := context.Background()
client, err := genai.NewClient(ctx, &genai.ClientConfig{
	APIKey:  os.Getenv("GEMINI_API_KEY"),
	Backend: genai.BackendGeminiAPI,
})
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(err)
}

file, err := client.Files.UploadFromPath(
	ctx, 
	filepath.Join(getMedia(), "organ.jpg"), 
	&genai.UploadFileConfig{
		MIMEType : "image/jpeg",
	},
)
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(err)
}
parts := []*genai.Part{
	genai.NewPartFromText("Tell me about this instrument"),
	genai.NewPartFromURI(file.URI, file.MIMEType),
}
contents := []*genai.Content{
	genai.NewContentFromParts(parts, genai.RoleUser),
}

response, err := client.Models.GenerateContent(ctx, "gemini-2.0-flash", contents, nil)
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(err)
}
printResponse(response)  
https://github.com/google-gemini/api-examples/blob/856e8a0f566a2810625cecabba6e2ab1fe97e496/go/text_generation.go#L66-L97

Shell

# Use a temporary file to hold the base64 encoded image data
TEMP_B64=$(mktemp)
trap 'rm -f "$TEMP_B64"' EXIT
base64 $B64FLAGS $IMG_PATH > "$TEMP_B64"

# Use a temporary file to hold the JSON payload
TEMP_JSON=$(mktemp)
trap 'rm -f "$TEMP_JSON"' EXIT

cat > "$TEMP_JSON" << EOF
{
  "contents": [{
    "parts":[
      {"text": "Tell me about this instrument"},
      {
        "inline_data": {
          "mime_type":"image/jpeg",
          "data": "$(cat "$TEMP_B64")"
        }
      }
    ]
  }]
}
EOF

curl "https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com/v1beta/models/gemini-2.0-flash:generateContent?key=$GEMINI_API_KEY" \
    -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
    -X POST \
    -d "@$TEMP_JSON" 2> /dev/null  
https://github.com/google-gemini/deprecated-generative-ai-python/blob/7a7cc5474ddaa0255a4410e05361028a24400abd/samples/rest/text_generation.sh#L41-L70

Java

Client client = new Client();

String path = media_path + "organ.jpg";
byte[] imageData = Files.readAllBytes(Paths.get(path));

Content content =
        Content.fromParts(
                Part.fromText("Tell me about this instrument."),
                Part.fromBytes(imageData, "image/jpeg"));

GenerateContentResponse response = client.models.generateContent("gemini-2.0-flash", content, null);

System.out.println(response.text());  
https://github.com/google-gemini/api-examples/blob/856e8a0f566a2810625cecabba6e2ab1fe97e496/java/src/main/java/com/example/gemini/TextGeneration.java#L70-L82

Audio

Python

from google import genai

client = genai.Client()
sample_audio = client.files.upload(file=media / "sample.mp3")
response = client.models.generate_content(
    model="gemini-2.0-flash",
    contents=["Give me a summary of this audio file.", sample_audio],
)
print(response.text)  
https://github.com/google-gemini/api-examples/blob/856e8a0f566a2810625cecabba6e2ab1fe97e496/python/text_generation.py#L118-L126

Node.js

// Make sure to include the following import:
// import {GoogleGenAI} from '@google/genai';
const ai = new GoogleGenAI({ apiKey: process.env.GEMINI_API_KEY });

const audio = await ai.files.upload({
  file: path.join(media, "sample.mp3"),
});

const response = await ai.models.generateContent({
  model: "gemini-2.0-flash",
  contents: [
    createUserContent([
      "Give me a summary of this audio file.",
      createPartFromUri(audio.uri, audio.mimeType),
    ]),
  ],
});
console.log(response.text);  
https://github.com/google-gemini/api-examples/blob/856e8a0f566a2810625cecabba6e2ab1fe97e496/javascript/text_generation.js#L185-L202

Go

ctx := context.Background()
client, err := genai.NewClient(ctx, &genai.ClientConfig{
	APIKey:  os.Getenv("GEMINI_API_KEY"),
	Backend: genai.BackendGeminiAPI,
})
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(err)
}

file, err := client.Files.UploadFromPath(
	ctx, 
	filepath.Join(getMedia(), "sample.mp3"), 
	&genai.UploadFileConfig{
		MIMEType : "audio/mpeg",
	},
)
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(err)
}

parts := []*genai.Part{
	genai.NewPartFromText("Give me a summary of this audio file."),
	genai.NewPartFromURI(file.URI, file.MIMEType),
}

contents := []*genai.Content{
	genai.NewContentFromParts(parts, genai.RoleUser),
}

response, err := client.Models.GenerateContent(ctx, "gemini-2.0-flash", contents, nil)
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(err)
}
printResponse(response)  
https://github.com/google-gemini/api-examples/blob/856e8a0f566a2810625cecabba6e2ab1fe97e496/go/text_generation.go#L256-L289

Shell

# Use File API to upload audio data to API request.
MIME_TYPE=$(file -b --mime-type "${AUDIO_PATH}")
NUM_BYTES=$(wc -c < "${AUDIO_PATH}")
DISPLAY_NAME=AUDIO

tmp_header_file=upload-header.tmp

# Initial resumable request defining metadata.
# The upload url is in the response headers dump them to a file.
curl "${BASE_URL}/upload/v1beta/files?key=${GEMINI_API_KEY}" \
  -D upload-header.tmp \
  -H "X-Goog-Upload-Protocol: resumable" \
  -H "X-Goog-Upload-Command: start" \
  -H "X-Goog-Upload-Header-Content-Length: ${NUM_BYTES}" \
  -H "X-Goog-Upload-Header-Content-Type: ${MIME_TYPE}" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d "{'file': {'display_name': '${DISPLAY_NAME}'}}" 2> /dev/null

upload_url=$(grep -i "x-goog-upload-url: " "${tmp_header_file}" | cut -d" " -f2 | tr -d "\r")
rm "${tmp_header_file}"

# Upload the actual bytes.
curl "${upload_url}" \
  -H "Content-Length: ${NUM_BYTES}" \
  -H "X-Goog-Upload-Offset: 0" \
  -H "X-Goog-Upload-Command: upload, finalize" \
  --data-binary "@${AUDIO_PATH}" 2> /dev/null > file_info.json

file_uri=$(jq ".file.uri" file_info.json)
echo file_uri=$file_uri

curl "https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com/v1beta/models/gemini-2.0-flash:generateContent?key=$GEMINI_API_KEY" \
    -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
    -X POST \
    -d '{
      "contents": [{
        "parts":[
          {"text": "Please describe this file."},
          {"file_data":{"mime_type": "audio/mpeg", "file_uri": '$file_uri'}}]
        }]
       }' 2> /dev/null > response.json

cat response.json
echo

jq ".candidates[].content.parts[].text" response.json  
https://github.com/google-gemini/deprecated-generative-ai-python/blob/7a7cc5474ddaa0255a4410e05361028a24400abd/samples/rest/text_generation.sh#L174-L220

Video

Python

from google import genai
import time

client = genai.Client()
# Video clip (CC BY 3.0) from https://peach.blender.org/download/
myfile = client.files.upload(file=media / "Big_Buck_Bunny.mp4")
print(f"{myfile=}")

# Poll until the video file is completely processed (state becomes ACTIVE).
while not myfile.state or myfile.state.name != "ACTIVE":
    print("Processing video...")
    print("File state:", myfile.state)
    time.sleep(5)
    myfile = client.files.get(name=myfile.name)

response = client.models.generate_content(
    model="gemini-2.0-flash", contents=[myfile, "Describe this video clip"]
)
print(f"{response.text=}")  
https://github.com/google-gemini/api-examples/blob/856e8a0f566a2810625cecabba6e2ab1fe97e496/python/text_generation.py#L146-L164

Node.js

// Make sure to include the following import:
// import {GoogleGenAI} from '@google/genai';
const ai = new GoogleGenAI({ apiKey: process.env.GEMINI_API_KEY });

let video = await ai.files.upload({
  file: path.join(media, 'Big_Buck_Bunny.mp4'),
});

// Poll until the video file is completely processed (state becomes ACTIVE).
while (!video.state || video.state.toString() !== 'ACTIVE') {
  console.log('Processing video...');
  console.log('File state: ', video.state);
  await sleep(5000);
  video = await ai.files.get({name: video.name});
}

const response = await ai.models.generateContent({
  model: "gemini-2.0-flash",
  contents: [
    createUserContent([
      "Describe this video clip",
      createPartFromUri(video.uri, video.mimeType),
    ]),
  ],
});
console.log(response.text);  
https://github.com/google-gemini/api-examples/blob/856e8a0f566a2810625cecabba6e2ab1fe97e496/javascript/text_generation.js#L237-L262

Go

ctx := context.Background()
client, err := genai.NewClient(ctx, &genai.ClientConfig{
	APIKey:  os.Getenv("GEMINI_API_KEY"),
	Backend: genai.BackendGeminiAPI,
})
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(err)
}

file, err := client.Files.UploadFromPath(
	ctx, 
	filepath.Join(getMedia(), "Big_Buck_Bunny.mp4"), 
	&genai.UploadFileConfig{
		MIMEType : "video/mp4",
	},
)
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(err)
}

// Poll until the video file is completely processed (state becomes ACTIVE).
for file.State == genai.FileStateUnspecified || file.State != genai.FileStateActive {
	fmt.Println("Processing video...")
	fmt.Println("File state:", file.State)
	time.Sleep(5 * time.Second)

	file, err = client.Files.Get(ctx, file.Name, nil)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
}

parts := []*genai.Part{
	genai.NewPartFromText("Describe this video clip"),
	genai.NewPartFromURI(file.URI, file.MIMEType),
}

contents := []*genai.Content{
	genai.NewContentFromParts(parts, genai.RoleUser),
}

response, err := client.Models.GenerateContent(ctx, "gemini-2.0-flash", contents, nil)
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(err)
}
printResponse(response)  
https://github.com/google-gemini/api-examples/blob/856e8a0f566a2810625cecabba6e2ab1fe97e496/go/text_generation.go#L342-L387

Shell

# Use File API to upload audio data to API request.
MIME_TYPE=$(file -b --mime-type "${VIDEO_PATH}")
NUM_BYTES=$(wc -c < "${VIDEO_PATH}")
DISPLAY_NAME=VIDEO

# Initial resumable request defining metadata.
# The upload url is in the response headers dump them to a file.
curl "${BASE_URL}/upload/v1beta/files?key=${GEMINI_API_KEY}" \
  -D "${tmp_header_file}" \
  -H "X-Goog-Upload-Protocol: resumable" \
  -H "X-Goog-Upload-Command: start" \
  -H "X-Goog-Upload-Header-Content-Length: ${NUM_BYTES}" \
  -H "X-Goog-Upload-Header-Content-Type: ${MIME_TYPE}" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d "{'file': {'display_name': '${DISPLAY_NAME}'}}" 2> /dev/null

upload_url=$(grep -i "x-goog-upload-url: " "${tmp_header_file}" | cut -d" " -f2 | tr -d "\r")
rm "${tmp_header_file}"

# Upload the actual bytes.
curl "${upload_url}" \
  -H "Content-Length: ${NUM_BYTES}" \
  -H "X-Goog-Upload-Offset: 0" \
  -H "X-Goog-Upload-Command: upload, finalize" \
  --data-binary "@${VIDEO_PATH}" 2> /dev/null > file_info.json

file_uri=$(jq ".file.uri" file_info.json)
echo file_uri=$file_uri

state=$(jq ".file.state" file_info.json)
echo state=$state

name=$(jq ".file.name" file_info.json)
echo name=$name

while [[ "($state)" = *"PROCESSING"* ]];
do
  echo "Processing video..."
  sleep 5
  # Get the file of interest to check state
  curl https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com/v1beta/files/$name > file_info.json
  state=$(jq ".file.state" file_info.json)
done

curl "https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com/v1beta/models/gemini-2.0-flash:generateContent?key=$GEMINI_API_KEY" \
    -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
    -X POST \
    -d '{
      "contents": [{
        "parts":[
          {"text": "Transcribe the audio from this video, giving timestamps for salient events in the video. Also provide visual descriptions."},
          {"file_data":{"mime_type": "video/mp4", "file_uri": '$file_uri'}}]
        }]
       }' 2> /dev/null > response.json

cat response.json
echo

jq ".candidates[].content.parts[].text" response.json  
https://github.com/google-gemini/deprecated-generative-ai-python/blob/7a7cc5474ddaa0255a4410e05361028a24400abd/samples/rest/text_generation.sh#L272-L331

PDF

Python

from google import genai

client = genai.Client()
sample_pdf = client.files.upload(file=media / "test.pdf")
response = client.models.generate_content(
    model="gemini-2.0-flash",
    contents=["Give me a summary of this document:", sample_pdf],
)
print(f"{response.text=}")  
https://github.com/google-gemini/api-examples/blob/856e8a0f566a2810625cecabba6e2ab1fe97e496/python/text_generation.py#L194-L202

Go

ctx := context.Background()
client, err := genai.NewClient(ctx, &genai.ClientConfig{
	APIKey:  os.Getenv("GEMINI_API_KEY"),
	Backend: genai.BackendGeminiAPI,
})
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(err)
}

file, err := client.Files.UploadFromPath(
	ctx, 
	filepath.Join(getMedia(), "test.pdf"), 
	&genai.UploadFileConfig{
		MIMEType : "application/pdf",
	},
)
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(err)
}

parts := []*genai.Part{
	genai.NewPartFromText("Give me a summary of this document:"),
	genai.NewPartFromURI(file.URI, file.MIMEType),
}

contents := []*genai.Content{
	genai.NewContentFromParts(parts, genai.RoleUser),
}

response, err := client.Models.GenerateContent(ctx, "gemini-2.0-flash", contents, nil)
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(err)
}
printResponse(response)  
https://github.com/google-gemini/api-examples/blob/856e8a0f566a2810625cecabba6e2ab1fe97e496/go/text_generation.go#L452-L485

Shell

MIME_TYPE=$(file -b --mime-type "${PDF_PATH}")
NUM_BYTES=$(wc -c < "${PDF_PATH}")
DISPLAY_NAME=TEXT


echo $MIME_TYPE
tmp_header_file=upload-header.tmp

# Initial resumable request defining metadata.
# The upload url is in the response headers dump them to a file.
curl "${BASE_URL}/upload/v1beta/files?key=${GEMINI_API_KEY}" \
  -D upload-header.tmp \
  -H "X-Goog-Upload-Protocol: resumable" \
  -H "X-Goog-Upload-Command: start" \
  -H "X-Goog-Upload-Header-Content-Length: ${NUM_BYTES}" \
  -H "X-Goog-Upload-Header-Content-Type: ${MIME_TYPE}" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d "{'file': {'display_name': '${DISPLAY_NAME}'}}" 2> /dev/null

upload_url=$(grep -i "x-goog-upload-url: " "${tmp_header_file}" | cut -d" " -f2 | tr -d "\r")
rm "${tmp_header_file}"

# Upload the actual bytes.
curl "${upload_url}" \
  -H "Content-Length: ${NUM_BYTES}" \
  -H "X-Goog-Upload-Offset: 0" \
  -H "X-Goog-Upload-Command: upload, finalize" \
  --data-binary "@${PDF_PATH}" 2> /dev/null > file_info.json

file_uri=$(jq ".file.uri" file_info.json)
echo file_uri=$file_uri

# Now generate content using that file
curl "https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com/v1beta/models/gemini-2.0-flash:generateContent?key=$GEMINI_API_KEY" \
    -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
    -X POST \
    -d '{
      "contents": [{
        "parts":[
          {"text": "Can you add a few more lines to this poem?"},
          {"file_data":{"mime_type": "application/pdf", "file_uri": '$file_uri'}}]
        }]
       }' 2> /dev/null > response.json

cat response.json
echo

jq ".candidates[].content.parts[].text" response.json  
https://github.com/google-gemini/deprecated-generative-ai-python/blob/7a7cc5474ddaa0255a4410e05361028a24400abd/samples/rest/text_generation.sh#L393-L441

Chat

Python

from google import genai
from google.genai import types

client = genai.Client()
# Pass initial history using the "history" argument
chat = client.chats.create(
    model="gemini-2.0-flash",
    history=[
        types.Content(role="user", parts=[types.Part(text="Hello")]),
        types.Content(
            role="model",
            parts=[
                types.Part(
                    text="Great to meet you. What would you like to know?"
                )
            ],
        ),
    ],
)
response = chat.send_message(message="I have 2 dogs in my house.")
print(response.text)
response = chat.send_message(message="How many paws are in my house?")
print(response.text)  
https://github.com/google-gemini/api-examples/blob/856e8a0f566a2810625cecabba6e2ab1fe97e496/python/chat.py#L25-L47

Node.js

// Make sure to include the following import:
// import {GoogleGenAI} from '@google/genai';
const ai = new GoogleGenAI({ apiKey: process.env.GEMINI_API_KEY });
const chat = ai.chats.create({
  model: "gemini-2.0-flash",
  history: [
    {
      role: "user",
      parts: [{ text: "Hello" }],
    },
    {
      role: "model",
      parts: [{ text: "Great to meet you. What would you like to know?" }],
    },
  ],
});

const response1 = await chat.sendMessage({
  message: "I have 2 dogs in my house.",
});
console.log("Chat response 1:", response1.text);

const response2 = await chat.sendMessage({
  message: "How many paws are in my house?",
});
console.log("Chat response 2:", response2.text);  
https://github.com/google-gemini/api-examples/blob/856e8a0f566a2810625cecabba6e2ab1fe97e496/javascript/chat.js#L33-L58

Go

ctx := context.Background()
client, err := genai.NewClient(ctx, &genai.ClientConfig{
	APIKey:  os.Getenv("GEMINI_API_KEY"),
	Backend: genai.BackendGeminiAPI,
})
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(err)
}

// Pass initial history using the History field.
history := []*genai.Content{
	genai.NewContentFromText("Hello", genai.RoleUser),
	genai.NewContentFromText("Great to meet you. What would you like to know?", genai.RoleModel),
}

chat, err := client.Chats.Create(ctx, "gemini-2.0-flash", nil, history)
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(err)
}

firstResp, err := chat.SendMessage(ctx, genai.Part{Text: "I have 2 dogs in my house."})
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(err)
}
fmt.Println(firstResp.Text())

secondResp, err := chat.SendMessage(ctx, genai.Part{Text: "How many paws are in my house?"})
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(err)
}
fmt.Println(secondResp.Text())  
https://github.com/google-gemini/api-examples/blob/856e8a0f566a2810625cecabba6e2ab1fe97e496/go/chat.go#L16-L46

Shell

curl https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com/v1beta/models/gemini-2.0-flash:generateContent?key=$GEMINI_API_KEY \
    -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
    -X POST \
    -d '{
      "contents": [
        {"role":"user",
         "parts":[{
           "text": "Hello"}]},
        {"role": "model",
         "parts":[{
           "text": "Great to meet you. What would you like to know?"}]},
        {"role":"user",
         "parts":[{
           "text": "I have two dogs in my house. How many paws are in my house?"}]},
      ]
    }' 2> /dev/null | grep "text"  
https://github.com/google-gemini/deprecated-generative-ai-python/blob/7a7cc5474ddaa0255a4410e05361028a24400abd/samples/rest/chat.sh#L7-L23

Java

Client client = new Client();

Content userContent = Content.fromParts(Part.fromText("Hello"));
Content modelContent =
        Content.builder()
                .role("model")
                .parts(
                        Collections.singletonList(
                                Part.fromText("Great to meet you. What would you like to know?")
                        )
                ).build();

Chat chat = client.chats.create(
        "gemini-2.0-flash",
        GenerateContentConfig.builder()
                .systemInstruction(userContent)
                .systemInstruction(modelContent)
                .build()
);

GenerateContentResponse response1 = chat.sendMessage("I have 2 dogs in my house.");
System.out.println(response1.text());

GenerateContentResponse response2 = chat.sendMessage("How many paws are in my house?");
System.out.println(response2.text());  
https://github.com/google-gemini/api-examples/blob/856e8a0f566a2810625cecabba6e2ab1fe97e496/java/src/main/java/com/example/gemini/ChatSession.java#L32-L57

Cache

Python

from google import genai
from google.genai import types

client = genai.Client()
document = client.files.upload(file=media / "a11.txt")
model_name = "gemini-1.5-flash-001"

cache = client.caches.create(
    model=model_name,
    config=types.CreateCachedContentConfig(
        contents=[document],
        system_instruction="You are an expert analyzing transcripts.",
    ),
)
print(cache)

response = client.models.generate_content(
    model=model_name,
    contents="Please summarize this transcript",
    config=types.GenerateContentConfig(cached_content=cache.name),
)
print(response.text)  
https://github.com/google-gemini/api-examples/blob/856e8a0f566a2810625cecabba6e2ab1fe97e496/python/cache.py#L25-L46

Node.js

// Make sure to include the following import:
// import {GoogleGenAI} from '@google/genai';
const ai = new GoogleGenAI({ apiKey: process.env.GEMINI_API_KEY });
const filePath = path.join(media, "a11.txt");
const document = await ai.files.upload({
  file: filePath,
  config: { mimeType: "text/plain" },
});
console.log("Uploaded file name:", document.name);
const modelName = "gemini-1.5-flash-001";

const contents = [
  createUserContent(createPartFromUri(document.uri, document.mimeType)),
];

const cache = await ai.caches.create({
  model: modelName,
  config: {
    contents: contents,
    systemInstruction: "You are an expert analyzing transcripts.",
  },
});
console.log("Cache created:", cache);

const response = await ai.models.generateContent({
  model: modelName,
  contents: "Please summarize this transcript",
  config: { cachedContent: cache.name },
});
console.log("Response text:", response.text);  
https://github.com/google-gemini/api-examples/blob/856e8a0f566a2810625cecabba6e2ab1fe97e496/javascript/cache.js#L33-L62

Go

ctx := context.Background()
client, err := genai.NewClient(ctx, &genai.ClientConfig{
	APIKey:  os.Getenv("GEMINI_API_KEY"), 
	Backend: genai.BackendGeminiAPI,
})
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(err)
}

modelName := "gemini-1.5-flash-001"
document, err := client.Files.UploadFromPath(
	ctx, 
	filepath.Join(getMedia(), "a11.txt"), 
	&genai.UploadFileConfig{
		MIMEType : "text/plain",
	},
)
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(err)
}
parts := []*genai.Part{
	genai.NewPartFromURI(document.URI, document.MIMEType),
}
contents := []*genai.Content{
	genai.NewContentFromParts(parts, genai.RoleUser),
}
cache, err := client.Caches.Create(ctx, modelName, &genai.CreateCachedContentConfig{
	Contents: contents,
	SystemInstruction: genai.NewContentFromText(
		"You are an expert analyzing transcripts.", genai.RoleUser,
	),
})
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(err)
}
fmt.Println("Cache created:")
fmt.Println(cache)

// Use the cache for generating content.
response, err := client.Models.GenerateContent(
	ctx,
	modelName,
	genai.Text("Please summarize this transcript"),
	&genai.GenerateContentConfig{
		CachedContent: cache.Name,
	},
)
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(err)
}
printResponse(response)  
https://github.com/google-gemini/api-examples/blob/856e8a0f566a2810625cecabba6e2ab1fe97e496/go/cache.go#L16-L66

Tuned Model

Python

# With Gemini 2 we're launching a new SDK. See the following doc for details.
# https://ai.google.dev/gemini-api/docs/migrate  
https://github.com/google-gemini/deprecated-generative-ai-python/blob/7a7cc5474ddaa0255a4410e05361028a24400abd/README.md#L23-L24

JSON Mode

Python

from google import genai
from google.genai import types
from typing_extensions import TypedDict

class Recipe(TypedDict):
    recipe_name: str
    ingredients: list[str]

client = genai.Client()
result = client.models.generate_content(
    model="gemini-2.0-flash",
    contents="List a few popular cookie recipes.",
    config=types.GenerateContentConfig(
        response_mime_type="application/json", response_schema=list[Recipe]
    ),
)
print(result)  
https://github.com/google-gemini/api-examples/blob/856e8a0f566a2810625cecabba6e2ab1fe97e496/python/controlled_generation.py#L25-L41

Node.js

// Make sure to include the following import:
// import {GoogleGenAI} from '@google/genai';
const ai = new GoogleGenAI({ apiKey: process.env.GEMINI_API_KEY });
const response = await ai.models.generateContent({
  model: "gemini-2.0-flash",
  contents: "List a few popular cookie recipes.",
  config: {
    responseMimeType: "application/json",
    responseSchema: {
      type: "array",
      items: {
        type: "object",
        properties: {
          recipeName: { type: "string" },
          ingredients: { type: "array", items: { type: "string" } },
        },
        required: ["recipeName", "ingredients"],
      },
    },
  },
});
console.log(response.text);  
https://github.com/google-gemini/api-examples/blob/856e8a0f566a2810625cecabba6e2ab1fe97e496/javascript/controlled_generation.js#L33-L54

Go

ctx := context.Background()
client, err := genai.NewClient(ctx, &genai.ClientConfig{
	APIKey:  os.Getenv("GEMINI_API_KEY"), 
	Backend: genai.BackendGeminiAPI,
})
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(err)
}

schema := &genai.Schema{
	Type: genai.TypeArray,
	Items: &genai.Schema{
		Type: genai.TypeObject,
		Properties: map[string]*genai.Schema{
			"recipe_name": {Type: genai.TypeString},
			"ingredients": {
				Type:  genai.TypeArray,
				Items: &genai.Schema{Type: genai.TypeString},
			},
		},
		Required: []string{"recipe_name"},
	},
}

config := &genai.GenerateContentConfig{
	ResponseMIMEType: "application/json",
	ResponseSchema:   schema,
}

response, err := client.Models.GenerateContent(
	ctx,
	"gemini-2.0-flash",
	genai.Text("List a few popular cookie recipes."),
	config,
)
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(err)
}
printResponse(response)  
https://github.com/google-gemini/api-examples/blob/856e8a0f566a2810625cecabba6e2ab1fe97e496/go/controlled_generation.go#L14-L52

Shell

curl "https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com/v1beta/models/gemini-2.0-flash:generateContent?key=$GEMINI_API_KEY" \
-H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
-d '{
    "contents": [{
      "parts":[
        {"text": "List 5 popular cookie recipes"}
        ]
    }],
    "generationConfig": {
        "response_mime_type": "application/json",
        "response_schema": {
          "type": "ARRAY",
          "items": {
            "type": "OBJECT",
            "properties": {
              "recipe_name": {"type":"STRING"},
            }
          }
        }
    }
}' 2> /dev/null | head  
https://github.com/google-gemini/deprecated-generative-ai-python/blob/7a7cc5474ddaa0255a4410e05361028a24400abd/samples/rest/controlled_generation.sh#L5-L25

Java

Client client = new Client();

Schema recipeSchema = Schema.builder()
        .type(Array.class.getSimpleName())
        .items(Schema.builder()
                .type(Object.class.getSimpleName())
                .properties(
                        Map.of("recipe_name", Schema.builder()
                                        .type(String.class.getSimpleName())
                                        .build(),
                                "ingredients", Schema.builder()
                                        .type(Array.class.getSimpleName())
                                        .items(Schema.builder()
                                                .type(String.class.getSimpleName())
                                                .build())
                                        .build())
                )
                .required(List.of("recipe_name", "ingredients"))
                .build())
        .build();

GenerateContentConfig config =
        GenerateContentConfig.builder()
                .responseMimeType("application/json")
                .responseSchema(recipeSchema)
                .build();

GenerateContentResponse response =
        client.models.generateContent(
                "gemini-2.0-flash",
                "List a few popular cookie recipes.",
                config);

System.out.println(response.text());  
https://github.com/google-gemini/api-examples/blob/856e8a0f566a2810625cecabba6e2ab1fe97e496/java/src/main/java/com/example/gemini/ControlledGeneration.java#L39-L72

Code execution

Python

from google import genai

…(truncated)