Divs and Spans

Divs and Spans

Divs and spans are Pandoc's fenced syntax for applying classes, IDs, and attributes to blocks and inline content.

Fenced Divs

Basic Syntax

::: {.class-name}
Content inside the div.
:::

Three colons open, three colons close.

Multiple Classes

::: {.class1 .class2}
Content with multiple classes.
:::

With ID

::: {#my-id .my-class}
Content with ID and class.
:::

With Attributes

::: {.my-class key="value" data-info="something"}
Content with attributes.
:::

Nested Divs

Use more colons for outer div:

::: {.outer}
Outer content.

::: {.inner}
Inner content.
:::

More outer content.
:::

Or use different numbers:

::: {.level1}
::: {.level2}
::: {.level3}
Deeply nested.
:::
:::
:::

Spans

Basic Syntax

This is [styled text]{.highlight}.

Multiple Classes

[Important]{.bold .red}

With ID

[Target text]{#target-id}

With Attributes

[Text]{.class key="value"}

Common Div Uses

Custom Styling

::: {.callout-box}
Important information here.
:::

With CSS:

.callout-box {
  background: #f0f0f0;
  padding: 1em;
  border-left: 4px solid #007bff;
}

Columns

::: {.columns}

::: {.column width="50%"}
Left column.
:::

::: {.column width="50%"}
Right column.
:::

:::

Centering

::: {.center}
Centered content.
:::

Hiding Content

::: {.hidden}
This won't appear.
:::

Raw Content Blocks

Insert format-specific content:

HTML

```{=html}
<div class="custom-html">
  <p>Raw HTML content.</p>
</div>
```

LaTeX

```{=latex}
\begin{center}
Raw LaTeX content.
\end{center}
```

Typst

```{=typst}
#align(center)[
  Raw Typst content.
]
```

Inline Raw Content

arkdown Text with `{=html} line break.

## Layout Divs

### Tabsets

````markdown
::: {.panel-tabset}

## Tab 1

Tab 1 content.

## Tab 2

Tab 2 content.

:::

Columns with Layout

::: {layout-ncol=2}
![](image1.png)

![](image2.png)
:::

Complex Layout

::: {layout="[[1,1], [1]]"}
First cell.

Second cell.

Full-width cell.
:::

Conditional Divs

Format-Specific

::: {.content-visible when-format="html"}
HTML-only content.
:::

Hidden for Format

::: {.content-hidden when-format="pdf"}
Hidden in PDF.
:::

Special Divs

Callouts

::: {.callout-note}
Note content.
:::

Cross-Referenceable

::: {#fig-diagram}
![](diagram.png)

Figure caption.
:::

Theorems

::: {#thm-main}
Theorem statement.
:::

Proof

::: {.proof}
Proof content.
:::

Span Uses

Inline Styling

This is [red text]{style="color: red;"}.

Class Application

The [key term]{.term} is defined as...

Small Caps

[Small Caps Text]{.smallcaps}

Underline

[Underlined text]{.underline}

Keyboard Input

Press [Ctrl]{.kbd}+[C]{.kbd} to copy.

Custom CSS classes defined in your stylesheet can be applied via .class on divs/spans. Common attributes: .class, #id, style="...", width, height, data-*.

Format-Specific Considerations

HTML

Full CSS styling support. All classes and attributes render directly.

PDF (LaTeX)

Limited styling. Some classes map to LaTeX commands:

• .unnumbered - Removes section numbering
• .unlisted - Excludes from TOC

Word (DOCX)

Classes can map to Word styles via reference doc.

RevealJS

Special classes:

• .fragment - Incremental reveal
• .notes - Speaker notes
• .r-fit-text - Auto-fit text

Resources

• Pandoc Divs and Spans
• Quarto Markdown Basics