Java Dependency Audit and Security Analysis

Java Dependency Audit and Security Analysis

Overview

Perform comprehensive dependency analysis for Java/Maven/Gradle projects to identify security vulnerabilities, licensing issues, outdated packages, and supply chain risks with actionable remediation strategies.

Validates Java project dependencies with vulnerability scanning, license compliance, and supply chain security analysis. Use when auditing project dependencies or before releases.

Usage

/devkit.java.dependency-audit $ARGUMENTS

Arguments

$1 specifies the scope (optional - defaults to all):

• all - Complete dependency audit (vulnerabilities, licenses, outdated)
• security - Focus on CVEs and security vulnerabilities only
• licenses - License compliance and compatibility analysis
• outdated - Identify outdated dependencies with update recommendations
• supply-chain - Supply chain security risks (typosquatting, maintainer changes)
• transitive - Focus on transitive (indirect) dependencies
• <groupId:artifactId> - Analyze specific dependency (e.g., org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter)

$2 specifies the focus area (optional - defaults to comprehensive):

• comprehensive - All analysis categories
• critical-only - Only critical and high severity issues
• production - Focus on production runtime dependencies
• direct - Only direct dependencies (exclude transitive)
• cve - CVE database cross-reference
• compliance - License and regulatory compliance

$3 specifies the output format (optional - defaults to report):

• report - Detailed markdown report
• summary - Executive summary with metrics
• json - Machine-readable JSON format
• sarif - SARIF format for CI/CD integration
• remediation - Actionable fix commands and PRs

Execution Instructions

Agent Selection: To execute this task, use the following agent with fallback:

• Primary: developer-kit-javajava-security-expert
• If not available: Use developer-kit-java:java-security-expert or fallback to general-purpose agent

Context

• Build system: !ls -la | grep -E "(pom\.xml|build\.gradle|build\.gradle\.kts)"
• Current dependencies: ! if [ -f pom.xml ]; then mvn dependency:list 2>/dev/null | head -30; elif [ -f build.gradle ]; then ./gradlew dependencies 2>/dev/null | head -30; fi
• Dependency tree depth: ! if [ -f pom.xml ]; then mvn dependency:tree 2>/dev/null | wc -l; elif [ -f build.gradle ]; then ./gradlew dependencies 2>/dev/null | wc -l; fi

Audit Analysis Process

1. Dependency Discovery and Inventory

Comprehensive dependency scanning:

Maven Dependency Analysis

# List all dependencies with scope
mvn dependency:list -DoutputFile=dependencies.txt

# Full dependency tree
mvn dependency:tree -Dverbose -DoutputFile=dependency-tree.txt

# Dependency convergence check
mvn dependency:analyze -DignoreNonCompile=true

# Dependency resolution analysis
mvn dependency:resolve -Dclassifier=sources

Gradle Dependency Analysis

# All configurations
./gradlew dependencies > gradle-dependencies.txt

# Specific configuration
./gradlew dependencies --configuration compileClasspath

# Dependency insight for specific library
./gradlew dependencyInsight --dependency org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter

# Build scan for analysis
./gradlew build --scan

Dependency Classification

• Direct dependencies: Explicitly declared in POM/build.gradle
• Transitive dependencies: Required by direct dependencies
• Provided/Compile: Runtime classpath dependencies
• Test dependencies: Test scope only
• Optional dependencies: Conditional dependencies

2. Vulnerability Scanning (CVE Detection)

Check against multiple vulnerability databases:

OWASP Dependency-Check (Maven)

# Install and run OWASP Dependency-Check
mvn org.owasp:dependency-check-maven:check

# Generate report with specific format
mvn org.owasp:dependency-check-maven:check \
  -Dformat=HTML,JSON,XML \
  -DfailBuildOnCVSS=7 \
  -DsuppressionFile=owasp-suppressions.xml

# Check specific artifact
mvn org.owasp:dependency-check-maven:check \
  -Dartifact=org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web:3.2.0

OWASP Dependency-Check (Gradle)

# Apply plugin and run
./gradlew dependencyCheckAnalyze

# With custom configuration
./gradlew dependencyCheckAnalyze \
  --info \
  -PfailBuildOnCVSS=7

Snyk Security Scanning

# Test for vulnerabilities
snyk test --all-projects

# Test with Maven
snyk test --file=pom.xml

# Test with Gradle
snyk test --file=build.gradle

# Generate JSON report
snyk test --json > snyk-report.json

# Monitor project continuously
snyk monitor

GitHub Advisory Database

# Using GitHub CLI
gh api graphql -f query='
{
  securityVulnerabilities(first: 100, ecosystem: MAVEN, package: "org.springframework.boot") {
    nodes {
      advisory {
        summary
        severity
        cvss { score }
        references { url }
      }
      vulnerableVersionRange
      firstPatchedVersion { identifier }
    }
  }
}'

Severity Analysis

Categorize vulnerabilities by severity:

• CRITICAL (CVSS 9.0-10.0): Immediate action required

  • Remote code execution vulnerabilities
  • Authentication bypass
  • Data exposure without authentication

• HIGH (CVSS 7.0-8.9): Priority fix within days

  • Privilege escalation
  • SQL/NoSQL injection
  • Cross-site scripting (XSS)

• MEDIUM (CVSS 4.0-6.9): Fix within weeks

  • Information disclosure
  • Denial of service
  • CSRF vulnerabilities

• LOW (CVSS 0.1-3.9): Fix in regular updates

  • Minor information leakage
  • Low-impact vulnerabilities

3. License Compliance Analysis

Verify license compatibility and legal risks:

License Detection (Maven)

# Generate license report
mvn license:aggregate-third-party-report

# Download licenses
mvn license:download-licenses

# Check for specific licenses
mvn license:add-third-party \
  -Dlicense.excludedLicenses="GPL-3.0,AGPL-3.0"

# License overview
mvn project-info-reports:dependencies

License Detection (Gradle)

# Using license plugin
./gradlew downloadLicenses

# Generate license report
./gradlew generateLicenseReport

# Check license compatibility
./gradlew checkLicense

License Compatibility Matrix

Common Java dependency licenses:

• Apache-2.0: Permissive, compatible with most licenses
• MIT: Highly permissive, wide compatibility
• BSD-3-Clause: Permissive with attribution requirement
• EPL-2.0: Eclipse Public License, moderate restrictions
• LGPL-3.0: Lesser GPL, linking allowed
• GPL-3.0: Strong copyleft, requires source disclosure
• AGPL-3.0: Network copyleft, strongest restrictions
• Proprietary: Commercial license required

Compliance Rules

// Example compatibility check
License projectLicense = License.APACHE_2_0;

Map<License, Boolean> compatibility = Map.of(
        License.MIT, true,              // ✅ Compatible
        License.APACHE_2_0, true,       // ✅ Compatible
        License.BSD_3_CLAUSE, true,     // ✅ Compatible
        License.EPL_2_0, true,          // ✅ Compatible with conditions
        License.LGPL_3_0, true,         // ✅ For linking only
        License.GPL_3_0, false,         // ❌ Incompatible (copyleft)
        License.AGPL_3_0, false,        // ❌ Incompatible (strong copyleft)
        License.UNKNOWN, false          // ⚠️ Requires review
);

4. Outdated Dependencies Analysis

Identify dependencies requiring updates:

Maven Versions Plugin

# Display dependency updates
mvn versions:display-dependency-updates

# Display plugin updates
mvn versions:display-plugin-updates

# Display property updates
mvn versions:display-property-updates

# Check for latest versions
mvn versions:use-latest-versions -DallowMajorUpdates=false

# Dependency updates report
mvn versions:dependency-updates-report

Gradle Versions Plugin

# Check for dependency updates
./gradlew dependencyUpdates

# Show only latest versions
./gradlew dependencyUpdates -Drevision=release

# JSON report
./gradlew dependencyUpdates -DoutputFormatter=json

# Check specific configuration
./gradlew dependencyUpdates --configuration compileClasspath

Update Priority Scoring

Calculate priority for each outdated dependency:

Priority Score = (Severity × 10) + (Age Factor × 5) + (Releases Behind × 2)

Where:
- Severity: Has security fix (10), Major (3), Minor (2), Patch (1)
- Age Factor: >365 days (10), >180 days (7), >90 days (4), <90 days (1)
- Releases Behind: Number of versions behind latest

Maintenance Status

• Active: Regular updates, active community
• Maintenance: Bug fixes only, no new features
• Deprecated: No longer maintained, find alternatives
• Archived: Completely abandoned, must replace
• Unknown: Unable to determine status

5. Supply Chain Security

Detect supply chain attacks and risks:

Typosquatting Detection

# Check for common typos of popular packages
# Example suspicious patterns:
# - org.springframework -> org.springframework-boot (legitimate)
# - org.springfranework (typo - suspicious)
# - com.google.guava -> com.google.guava-beta (check legitimacy)

Common Typosquatting Patterns

• Character substitution: spring → sprimg, springg
• Missing/extra characters: commons-io → common-io, commons-ioo
• Domain confusion: org.apache → org.apachi, io.apache
• Hyphen manipulation: spring-boot → springboot, spring_boot

Maintainer Change Analysis

# Check recent maintainer changes (Maven Central)
curl -s "https://search.maven.org/solrsearch/select?q=g:${GROUP_ID}+AND+a:${ARTIFACT_ID}&rows=1&wt=json" | \
  jq '.response.docs[0]'

# Verify artifact signatures
mvn verify -Dgpg.skip=false

# Check PGP signatures
gpg --verify artifact.jar.asc artifact.jar

Red Flags

• Recent ownership transfer
• Sudden version spike (e.g., 1.0.0 → 99.0.0)
• Changed artifact coordinates
• Missing or invalid signatures
• Unusual download patterns
• No source repository link
• Obfuscated or minified code

Package Health Metrics

# Check Maven Central metadata
curl "https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/${GROUP_PATH}/${ARTIFACT}/maven-metadata.xml"

# Verify checksums
sha1sum -c artifact.jar.sha1
md5sum -c artifact.jar.md5

# Check repository activity
gh api repos/${OWNER}/${REPO}/commits --jq 'length'
gh api repos/${OWNER}/${REPO}/issues --jq 'length'

6. Dependency Size and Performance

Analyze impact on build and runtime:

JAR Size Analysis

# List all JARs with sizes
find ~/.m2/repository -name "*.jar" -exec du -sh {} \; | sort -rh | head -20

# Gradle build scan
./gradlew build --scan
# Check "Dependencies" section for size breakdown

# Analyze specific dependency size
mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=${GROUP_ID}:${ARTIFACT_ID} -Dverbose

Classpath Analysis

# Duplicate class detection
mvn dependency:analyze-duplicate

# Unused dependencies
mvn dependency:analyze

# Dependency convergence
mvn dependency:tree -Dverbose | grep "conflict"

7. Framework-Specific Audits

Spring Boot Dependency Audit

# Spring Boot dependency report
mvn spring-boot:build-info

# Effective POM with Spring Boot parent
mvn help:effective-pom > effective-pom.xml

# Spring Boot Actuator dependency endpoints
curl http://localhost:8080/actuator/conditions
curl http://localhost:8080/actuator/configprops

Spring Boot Starters Audit

• Verify official Spring starters (io.spring.platform)
• Check for deprecated starters
• Validate starter version compatibility
• Review auto-configuration imports

Hibernate/JPA Audit

# Check Hibernate version compatibility
mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.hibernate:*

# JPA provider conflicts
mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=javax.persistence:*,jakarta.persistence:*

Logging Framework Audit

# Detect logging framework conflicts
mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.slf4j:*,ch.qos.logback:*,log4j:*

# Check for Log4Shell vulnerable versions
mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-core | grep -E "2\.(0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10|11|12|13|14|15|16)"

8. Automated Remediation

Generate fix scripts and pull requests:

Maven Auto-Fix Script

#!/bin/bash
# maven-dependency-fix.sh

echo "🔧 Maven Dependency Auto-Remediation"
echo "======================================"

# Backup current POM
cp pom.xml pom.xml.backup.$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)

# Fix critical security vulnerabilities
echo "🔒 Fixing critical vulnerabilities..."
mvn versions:use-latest-releases \
  -Dincludes=org.springframework.boot:*,org.springframework:* \
  -DallowMajorUpdates=false

# Update patch versions only (safe)
echo "📦 Updating patch versions..."
mvn versions:use-latest-releases \
  -DallowMinorUpdates=false \
  -DallowMajorUpdates=false

# Check for build success
mvn clean verify -DskipTests
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "✅ Build successful"
    
    # Generate dependency report
    mvn dependency:analyze-report
    mvn versions:dependency-updates-report
    
    # Commit changes
    git add pom.xml
    git commit -m "chore(deps): Security fixes and patch updates"
else
    echo "❌ Build failed, reverting changes..."
    mv pom.xml.backup.* pom.xml
fi

Gradle Auto-Fix Script

#!/bin/bash
# gradle-dependency-fix.sh

echo "🔧 Gradle Dependency Auto-Remediation"
echo "======================================"

# Backup build files
cp build.gradle build.gradle.backup.$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)
[ -f gradle/libs.versions.toml ] && cp gradle/libs.versions.toml gradle/libs.versions.toml.backup

# Update dependencies
./gradlew useLatestVersions --update-dependency-locks

# Verify build
./gradlew clean build -x test
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "✅ Build successful"
    
    # Generate reports
    ./gradlew dependencyUpdates
    ./gradlew dependencyCheckAnalyze
    
    # Commit changes
    git add build.gradle gradle/
    git commit -m "chore(deps): Security fixes and dependency updates"
else
    echo "❌ Build failed, reverting..."
    mv build.gradle.backup.* build.gradle
    [ -f gradle/libs.versions.toml.backup ] && mv gradle/libs.versions.toml.backup gradle/libs.versions.toml
fi

Pull Request Template

## 🔒 Dependency Security Audit Fixes

### Summary

This PR addresses [X] security vulnerabilities and [Y] outdated dependencies identified by automated dependency audit.

### Vulnerabilities Fixed

| Dependency | CVE | Severity | Old Version | New Version |
|------------|-----|----------|-------------|-------------|
| spring-core | CVE-2024-XXXX | CRITICAL | 5.3.20 | 5.3.31 |
| jackson-databind | CVE-2024-YYYY | HIGH | 2.13.0 | 2.15.3 |

### License Compliance

- ✅ All dependencies maintain Apache-2.0 compatibility
- ✅ No new GPL/AGPL dependencies introduced
- ⚠️ Review required for: [dependency-name] (LGPL-3.0)

### Testing

- [x] Unit tests pass
- [x] Integration tests pass
- [x] Security scan shows no critical/high vulnerabilities
- [x] Build successful
- [x] No breaking changes detected

### Dependency Changes

```diff
- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web:3.1.0
+ org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web:3.2.1

- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:2.13.0
+ com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:2.15.3

Risk Assessment

• Risk Level: LOW
• Breaking Changes: None identified
• Rollback Plan: Revert commit or merge

Recommendations

1. Merge and deploy to staging first
2. Monitor application logs for 24h
3. Run smoke tests post-deployment
4. Schedule production deployment in maintenance window

### 9. Continuous Monitoring

Set up automated dependency monitoring:

**GitHub Actions Workflow**
```yaml
name: Dependency Audit

on:
  schedule:
    - cron: '0 8 * * 1'  # Weekly Monday 8 AM
  push:
    paths:
      - 'pom.xml'
      - 'build.gradle'
      - 'gradle/libs.versions.toml'
  pull_request:
  workflow_dispatch:

jobs:
  dependency-audit:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    
    steps:
    - name: Checkout code
      uses: actions/checkout@v4
      
    - name: Set up JDK 17
      uses: actions/setup-java@v4
      with:
        java-version: '17'
        distribution: 'temurin'
        cache: 'maven'
    
    - name: OWASP Dependency Check
      run: |
        if [ -f pom.xml ]; then
          mvn org.owasp:dependency-check-maven:check \
            -Dformat=HTML,JSON \
            -DfailBuildOnCVSS=7
        elif [ -f build.gradle ]; then
          ./gradlew dependencyCheckAnalyze
        fi
    
    - name: Snyk Security Scan
      uses: snyk/actions/maven@master
      env:
        SNYK_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.SNYK_TOKEN }}
      with:
        args: --severity-threshold=high
    
    - name: License Compliance Check
      run: |
        if [ -f pom.xml ]; then
          mvn license:aggregate-third-party-report
        fi
    
    - name: Upload Reports
      if: always()
      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
      with:
        name: dependency-audit-reports
        path: |
          target/dependency-check-report.html
          target/site/third-party-report.html
    
    - name: Create Issue for Critical Vulnerabilities
      if: failure()
      uses: actions/github-script@v7
      with:
        script: |
          const issue = await github.rest.issues.create({
            owner: context.repo.owner,
            repo: context.repo.repo,
            title: '🚨 Critical Security Vulnerabilities Detected',
            body: 'Automated dependency audit found critical vulnerabilities. See workflow run for details.',
            labels: ['security', 'dependencies', 'critical']
          });

10. Reporting Format

Generate comprehensive audit reports:

Executive Summary

# Dependency Audit Report

**Project**: [Project Name]
**Date**: 2024-01-15
**Build System**: Maven 3.9.5
**Total Dependencies**: 247 (direct: 32, transitive: 215)

## Risk Assessment

- **Overall Risk**: ⚠️ MEDIUM
- **Critical Issues**: 0
- **High Severity**: 3
- **Medium Severity**: 12
- **Low Severity**: 8

## Key Findings

1. ✅ No critical vulnerabilities
2. ⚠️ 3 high-severity CVEs requiring immediate attention
3. ✅ License compliance: All compatible with Apache-2.0
4. ⚠️ 15 dependencies outdated by >1 year
5. ⚠️ 1 dependency with maintainer change in last 30 days

## Immediate Actions Required

1. Update `jackson-databind` to 2.15.3 (CVE-2024-XXXX - HIGH)
2. Replace `commons-collections` 3.2.1 (CVE-2015-YYYY - HIGH)
3. Review `suspicious-lib` 1.0.0 (supply chain risk)

Your Task

Based on the specified scope and focus, provide:

1. Dependency Inventory Report

   • Complete dependency tree
   • Direct vs transitive breakdown
   • Dependency classification by scope
   • Size and performance metrics

2. Security Vulnerability Analysis

   • CVE database cross-reference
   • Severity categorization (Critical/High/Medium/Low)
   • Exploitability assessment
   • Remediation recommendations with version updates

3. License Compliance Report

   • License distribution across dependencies
   • Compatibility matrix with project license
   • Legal risk assessment
   • Incompatible licenses requiring action

4. Outdated Dependencies Report

   • Age analysis for each dependency
   • Update priority scoring
   • Maintenance status evaluation
   • Breaking change assessment

5. Supply Chain Security Analysis

   • Typosquatting detection
   • Maintainer change alerts
   • Package health metrics
   • Red flag identification

6. Automated Remediation Plan

   • Fix scripts for Maven/Gradle
   • Pull request generation
   • Rollback procedures
   • Testing strategy

7. Continuous Monitoring Setup

   • CI/CD integration workflows
   • Automated alert configuration
   • Scheduled audit frequency
   • Notification channels

Focus on actionable insights that enable teams to maintain secure, compliant, and efficient dependency management for Java enterprise applications.

Examples

/devkit.java.dependency-audit example-input