tools-only Stream Patterns
Common workflows, full-stack flows, and best practices.
React Stream Player
npm install @cloudflare/stream-react
import { Stream } from '@cloudflare/stream-react';
export function VideoPlayer({ videoId, token }: { videoId: string; token?: string }) {
return <Stream controls src={token ? `${videoId}?token=${token}` : videoId} responsive />;
}
Full-Stack Upload Flow
Backend API (Workers/Pages)
import Cloudflare from 'cloudflare';
export default {
async fetch(request: Request, env: Env): Promise<Response> {
const { videoName } = await request.json();
const client = new Cloudflare({ apiToken: env.CF_API_TOKEN });
const { uploadURL, uid } = await client.stream.directUpload.create({
account_id: env.CF_ACCOUNT_ID,
maxDurationSeconds: 3600,
requireSignedURLs: true,
meta: { name: videoName }
});
return Response.json({ uploadURL, uid });
}
};
Frontend component
import { useState } from 'react';
export function VideoUploader() {
const [uploading, setUploading] = useState(false);
const [progress, setProgress] = useState(0);
async function handleUpload(file: File) {
setUploading(true);
const { uploadURL, uid } = await fetch('/api/upload-url', {
method: 'POST',
body: JSON.stringify({ videoName: file.name })
}).then(r => r.json());
const xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.upload.onprogress = (e) => setProgress((e.loaded / e.total) * 100);
xhr.onload = () => { setUploading(false); window.location.href = `/videos/${uid}`; };
xhr.open('POST', uploadURL);
const formData = new FormData();
formData.append('file', file);
xhr.send(formData);
}
return (
<div>
<input type="file" accept="video/*" => e.target.files?.[0] && handleUpload(e.target.files[0])} disabled={uploading} />
{uploading && <progress value={progress} max={100} />}
</div>
);
}
TUS Resumable Upload
For large files (>500MB). npm install tus-js-client
import * as tus from 'tus-js-client';
async function uploadWithTUS(file: File, uploadURL: string, onProgress?: (pct: number) => void) {
return new Promise<string>((resolve, reject) => {
const upload = new tus.Upload(file, {
endpoint: uploadURL,
retryDelays: [0, 3000, 5000, 10000, 20000],
chunkSize: 50 * 1024 * 1024,
metadata: { filename: file.name, filetype: file.type },
onError: reject,
onProgress: (up, total) => onProgress?.((up / total) * 100),
onSuccess: () => resolve(upload.url?.split('/').pop() || '')
});
upload.start();
});
}
Video State Polling
async function waitForVideoReady(client: Cloudflare, accountId: string, videoId: string) {
for (let i = 0; i < 60; i++) {
const video = await client.stream.videos.get(videoId, { account_id: accountId });
if (video.readyToStream || video.status.state === 'error') return video;
await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 5000));
}
throw new Error('Video processing timeout');
}
Webhook Handler
export default {
async fetch(request: Request, env: Env): Promise<Response> {
const signature = request.headers.get('Webhook-Signature');
const body = await request.text();
if (!signature || !await verifyWebhook(signature, body, env.WEBHOOK_SECRET)) {
return new Response('Unauthorized', { status: 401 });
}
const payload = JSON.parse(body);
if (payload.readyToStream) console.log(`Video ${payload.uid} ready`);
return new Response('OK');
}
};
async function verifyWebhook(sig: string, body: string, secret: string): Promise<boolean> {
const parts = Object.fromEntries(sig.split(',').map(p => p.split('=')));
const timestamp = parseInt(parts.time || '0', 10);
if (Math.abs(Date.now() / 1000 - timestamp) > 300) return false;
const key = await crypto.subtle.importKey(
'raw', new TextEncoder().encode(secret), { name: 'HMAC', hash: 'SHA-256' }, false, ['sign']
);
const computed = await crypto.subtle.sign('HMAC', key, new TextEncoder().encode(`${timestamp}.${body}`));
const hex = Array.from(new Uint8Array(computed), b => b.toString(16).padStart(2, '0')).join('');
return hex === parts.sig1;
}
Self-Sign JWT (High Volume Tokens)
For >1k tokens/day. Prerequisites: Create signing key (see configuration.md).
async function selfSignToken(keyId: string, jwkBase64: string, videoId: string, expiresIn = 3600) {
const key = await crypto.subtle.importKey(
'jwk', JSON.parse(atob(jwkBase64)), { name: 'RSASSA-PKCS1-v1_5', hash: 'SHA-256' }, false, ['sign']
);
const now = Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000);
const header = btoa(JSON.stringify({ alg: 'RS256', kid: keyId })).replace(/=/g, '').replace(/\+/g, '-').replace(/\//g, '_');
const payload = btoa(JSON.stringify({ sub: videoId, kid: keyId, exp: now + expiresIn, nbf: now }))
.replace(/=/g, '').replace(/\+/g, '-').replace(/\//g, '_');
const message = `${header}.${payload}`;
const sig = await crypto.subtle.sign('RSASSA-PKCS1-v1_5', key, new TextEncoder().encode(message));
const b64Sig = btoa(String.fromCharCode(...new Uint8Array(sig))).replace(/=/g, '').replace(/\+/g, '-').replace(/\//g, '_');
return `${message}.${b64Sig}`;
}
// With access rules (geo-restriction)
const payloadWithRules = {
sub: videoId, kid: keyId, exp: now + 3600, nbf: now,
accessRules: [{ type: 'ip.geoip.country', action: 'allow', country: ['US'] }]
};
Best Practices
- Use Direct Creator Uploads - Avoid proxying through servers
- Enable requireSignedURLs - Control private content access
- Self-sign tokens at scale - Use signing keys for >1k/day
- Set allowedOrigins - Prevent hotlinking
- Use webhooks over polling - Efficient status updates
- Set maxDurationSeconds - Prevent abuse
- Enable live recordings - Auto VOD after stream
In This Reference
- README.md - Overview and quick start
- configuration.md - Setup and config
- api.md - On-demand video APIs
- api-live.md - Live streaming APIs
- gotchas.md - Error codes, troubleshooting