Typo3 Workspaces

TYPO3 Workspaces

Compatibility: TYPO3 v13.x and v14.x (v14 preferred) All code examples in this skill are designed to work on both TYPO3 v13 and v14.

TYPO3 API First: Always use TYPO3's built-in APIs, core features, and established conventions before creating custom implementations. Do not reinvent what TYPO3 already provides. Always verify that the APIs and methods you use exist and are not deprecated in your target TYPO3 version (v13 or v14) by checking the official TYPO3 documentation.

Sources

This skill is based on 18 authoritative sources:

1. TYPO3 Workspaces Extension Docs
2. Versioning (Workspaces Extension)
3. Creating a Custom Workspace
4. Configuration Options (Workspaces)
5. PSR-14 Events (Workspaces)
6. Versioning & Workspaces (TYPO3 Explained / Core API)
7. TCA versioningWS Reference
8. Restriction Builder (TYPO3 Explained)
9. b13 Blog: The Elegant Efficiency of TYPO3 Overlays (Benni Mack)
10. Scheduler Tasks (Workspaces)
11. Users Guide (Workspaces)
12. TYPO3-CORE-SA-2025-022: Information Disclosure in Workspaces Module
13. Forge Bug #88021: FAL preview fails when file changed in workspace
14. Localized Content Guide
15. File Collections (TYPO3 Explained)
16. FAL Database Architecture
17. Forge Bug #60343: sys_file_metadata does not recognize workspace
18. Forge Feature #97923: Combined folder_identifier field for sys_file_collection

1. Core Concepts

What Are Workspaces?

Workspaces allow editors to prepare content changes without affecting the live website. Changes go through a configurable review process before publication.

There are two types:

• LIVE workspace (ID=0): The default state. Every change is immediately visible. Access must be explicitly granted to backend users/groups.
• Custom workspaces (ID>0): Safe editing environments. Changes are versioned, previewable, and go through stages before going live.

How Versioning Works (Database Level)

Offline (workspace) versions live in the same database table as live records. They are identified by:

t3ver_state values:

The Overlay Mechanism

TYPO3 always fetches live records first, then overlays workspace versions on top. For translations with workspaces, the chain is:

1. Fetch default language, live record (language=0, workspace=0)
2. Overlay workspace version (search for t3ver_oid=<uid> AND t3ver_wsid=<current_ws>)
3. Overlay language translation (search for l10n_parent=<uid> in target language)
4. Overlay workspace version of translation

The uid of the live record is always preserved during overlay -- this keeps all references and links intact.

Publishing Workflow

• Publish: Draft content replaces live content through the workspace publish process.
• TYPO3 v13/v14 use publish workflows; do not rely on legacy workspace-level swap mode.
• IMPORTANT: The swap action is no longer allowed in TYPO3 v14. Use action => 'publish' instead of action => 'swap'.

2. CRITICAL: File/FAL Limitation

Files (FAL) are NOT versioned. This is the single most important limitation of TYPO3 Workspaces. See also Section 2a below for the additional file collection limitation (folder-based collections).

What This Means

• Files in fileadmin/ live exclusively in the LIVE workspace
• If you overwrite a file, the change affects ALL workspaces immediately
• sys_file_reference records are workspace-versioned; physical files and sys_file records are not versioned like content overlays
• Replacing an image in a workspace content element may fail in preview (Forge #88021)

The Predictable Filename Security Problem

Scenario: An editor creates a workspace version of a page replacing geschaeftsbericht2024.pdf with geschaeftsbericht2025.pdf. The workspace is NOT published yet. However:

1. The new PDF is uploaded to fileadmin/ immediately (files are live!)
2. An external person guesses the URL by incrementing the year
3. geschaeftsbericht2025.pdf is accessible before the content element referencing it is published

This is a real security/confidentiality risk.

Workarounds

1. Use non-guessable filenames:

# Instead of:
fileadmin/reports/geschaeftsbericht2025.pdf

# Use hashed/random names:
fileadmin/reports/gb-a8f3e2b1c9d4.pdf

2. Store confidential files outside the web root:

// config/system/settings.php
// Use a private storage that is NOT publicly accessible
// Deliver files programmatically via a controller

3. Use EXT:secure_downloads (leuchtfeuer/secure-downloads):

Files are delivered through a PHP script that checks access permissions. No direct file URL access.

4. Server-level protection for sensitive directories:

# Apache (.htaccess in a subdirectory)
<IfModule mod_authz_core.c>
    Require all denied
</IfModule>

# NGINX
location /fileadmin/confidential/ {
    deny all;
    return 403;
}

5. Use separate file references per workspace version:

Upload the new file with a different name. Do NOT overwrite the existing file. The workspace version of the content element references the new file, the live version keeps the old one. Upon publishing, both files exist but only the new one is referenced.

Rules for Workspace-Safe File Handling

• NEVER overwrite files that are used in content elements across workspaces
• ALWAYS upload new files with unique names when preparing workspace content
• NEVER rely on "the page is not published yet" to protect file confidentiality
• CONSIDER EXT:secure_downloads for any confidential documents
• AUDIT fileadmin/ for files with predictable naming patterns

2a. File Collections and Workspaces

File collections (sys_file_collection) are workspace-versioned at the record level, but folder-based collections resolve files from the live filesystem at runtime -- there is no database relation to overlay.

How File Collections Work

sys_file_collection stores three collection types, distinguished by the type field:

The TCA for sys_file_collection has versioningWS => true. This means the collection record itself gets workspace versions with t3ver_* fields. However, the record-level versioning only versions the fields stored in sys_file_collection -- it does not version the files that the collection resolves.

Workspace Safety per Collection Type

Why Folder-Based Collections Break Workspace Isolation

For folder-based collections, the "relation" between the collection and its files is not a database relation. The collection record stores only a folder_identifier string. When FolderBasedFileCollection::loadContents() is called, TYPO3 calls $storage->getFilesInFolder() to list files directly from the live storage driver. There is no overlay-capable database row between the collection and its files.

Consequences:

• Adding a file to the folder makes it visible in all workspaces immediately
• Removing a file from the folder removes it from all workspaces immediately
• Changing the folder_identifier field in a workspace version points to a different folder, but the folder contents themselves are always live
• The "File links" content element (CType=uploads) using a folder-based collection will show different files than intended during workspace preview if the folder contents changed after the workspace version was created

Static Collections Are Safer

Static collections (type=static) bind files via sys_file_reference rows. Both sys_file_collection and sys_file_reference have versioningWS = true. When you add or remove a file from a static collection inside a workspace, TYPO3 creates workspace versions of the sys_file_reference rows. The binding between collection and file is versioned.

The remaining limitation: physical files (sys_file) are still not versioned (see Section 2). If you overwrite a file, it changes everywhere.

Workarounds for Folder-Based Collections

1. Prefer static collections when workspace isolation matters:

Use type=static instead of type=folder. The file-to-collection binding is a sys_file_reference row, which is workspace-versioned.

2. Use separate folders per workspace version:

For folder-based collections, create a new folder for the workspace change (e.g. gallery-v2/) and change the folder_identifier in the workspace version of the collection record. The live version still points to the original folder.

3. Do NOT modify shared folder contents while workspace drafts reference them:

If a folder-based collection is used in workspace content, avoid adding or removing files from that folder until the workspace is published.

4. Clean up old folders after publishing:

Use AfterRecordPublishedEvent to remove obsolete folders after the workspace version is published:

<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace MyVendor\MyExtension\EventListener;

use TYPO3\CMS\Core\Attribute\AsEventListener;
use TYPO3\CMS\Core\Resource\StorageRepository;
use TYPO3\CMS\Workspaces\Event\AfterRecordPublishedEvent;

#[AsEventListener]
final class CleanupOldCollectionFolderListener
{
    public function __construct(
        private readonly StorageRepository $storageRepository,
    ) {}

    public function __invoke(AfterRecordPublishedEvent $event): void
    {
        if ($event->getTable() !== 'sys_file_collection') {
            return;
        }

        // After publishing a folder-based collection, remove the old folder
        // if it is no longer referenced by any collection.
        // Implementation depends on your naming convention (e.g. gallery-v1/, gallery-v2/).
    }
}

Rules for Workspace-Safe File Collections

• PREFER static collections (type=static) over folder-based when workspaces are used
• NEVER add or remove files from a folder that is referenced by a folder-based collection in an unpublished workspace
• USE separate folders per workspace version if folder-based collections are required
• DOCUMENT for editors that folder-based collections show live folder contents regardless of workspace state
• TEST file collection behavior in workspace preview before relying on it for editorial workflows

3. Installation & Setup Checklist

Installation

# Composer (v13/v14)
composer require typo3/cms-workspaces

# Non-Composer: activate in Admin Tools > Extensions

Complete Setup Checklist

Use this checklist to verify your workspace setup is complete:

Extension & System

• typo3/cms-workspaces is installed and activated
• Database schema is up to date (bin/typo3 database:updateschema)
• typo3/cms-scheduler is installed (required for auto-publish)
• Scheduler cron job is configured on server

Backend User Groups

• Workspace-specific backend user group created (e.g., "Workspace Editors")
• Group has explicit LIVE workspace access (Mounts and Workspaces tab > "Live" checkbox)
• Group has access to the custom workspace (assigned as owner or member in workspace record)
• DB mounts are set correctly (pages the group can edit)
• File mounts are set correctly (directories the group can access)
• Group has tables_modify permissions for all relevant tables
• Group has permissions on page types the workspace will contain

Backend Users

• Users are assigned to the workspace user group
• Users can see the workspace selector in the top bar
• Non-admin users have LIVE workspace access only if they need it

Workspace Record

• Workspace record created as System Record on root page (pid=0)
• Title and description set
• Owners assigned (use groups, not individual users)
• Members assigned (use groups, not individual users)
• Custom stages created if needed (between "Editing" and "Ready to publish")
• Notification settings configured per stage
• Mountpoints set if workspace should be restricted to specific page trees
• Publish date set if auto-publish is desired
• "Publish access" configured (restrict publishing to owners if needed)

Tables (TCA)

• All custom extension tables have 'versioningWS' => true in $GLOBALS['TCA'][<table>]['ctrl']
• Tables that must NOT be versioned have 'versioningWS' => false
• Tables requiring live-editing in workspace have 'versioningWS_alwaysAllowLiveEdit' => true
• t3ver_* database columns exist (auto-created when versioningWS = true)

Scheduler Tasks

• "Workspaces auto-publication" task created and enabled
• "Workspaces cleanup preview links" task created and enabled
• Cron frequency is appropriate (e.g., every 15 minutes)

TSconfig

• options.workspaces.previewLinkTTLHours set (default: 48)
• options.workspaces.allowed_languages.<wsId> set if language restrictions needed
• workspaces.splitPreviewModes configured if preview modes should be limited
• options.workspaces.previewPageId set for custom record preview pages

4. DataHandler Setup Script

CLI Command: Create Workspace with DataHandler

<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace MyVendor\MySitepackage\Command;

use Symfony\Component\Console\Command\Command;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Input\InputInterface;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Output\OutputInterface;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Style\SymfonyStyle;
use TYPO3\CMS\Core\DataHandling\DataHandler;
use TYPO3\CMS\Core\Utility\GeneralUtility;

/**
 * CLI command to create a workspace with base configuration.
 *
 * Register in Configuration/Services.yaml:
 *   console.command.tag: 'console.command'
 *   command: 'workspace:setup'
 */
final class SetupWorkspaceCommand extends Command
{
    protected function configure(): void
    {
        $this->setDescription('Create a workspace with backend group and base configuration');
    }

    protected function execute(InputInterface $input, OutputInterface $output): int
    {
        $io = new SymfonyStyle($input, $output);

        // Step 1: Create backend user group for workspace editors
        $data = [];
        $data['be_groups']['NEW_ws_group'] = [
            'pid' => 0,
            'title' => 'Workspace Editors',
            'description' => 'Backend group for workspace editing access',
            // Grant access to common tables
            'tables_modify' => 'pages,tt_content,sys_file_reference',
            'tables_select' => 'pages,tt_content,sys_file_reference,sys_file',
            // Grant LIVE workspace access
            'workspace_perms' => 1,
            // Page types allowed
            'pagetypes_select' => '1,3,4,6,7,199,254',
            // Explicitly allow content types
            'explicit_allowdeny' => '',
        ];

        $dataHandler = GeneralUtility::makeInstance(DataHandler::class);
        $dataHandler->start($data, []);
        $dataHandler->process_datamap();

        if (!empty($dataHandler->errorLog)) {
            $io->error('Failed to create backend group: ' . implode(', ', $dataHandler->errorLog));
            return Command::FAILURE;
        }

        $groupUid = $dataHandler->substNEWwithIDs['NEW_ws_group'] ?? 0;
        $io->success('Created backend group "Workspace Editors" (uid=' . $groupUid . ')');

        // Step 2: Create the custom workspace
        $data = [];
        $data['sys_workspace']['NEW_workspace'] = [
            'pid' => 0,
            'title' => 'Staging Workspace',
            'description' => 'Content staging workspace for preview and review before publishing',
            'adminusers' => 'be_groups_' . $groupUid,
            'members' => 'be_groups_' . $groupUid,
            // Stages: default stages (Editing, Ready to publish) are always available
            // Publish access: 0 = no restriction, 1 = only publish-stage content, 2 = only owners can publish
            'publish_access' => 0,
            // Allow editing of non-versionable records (live edit)
            'edit_allow_notificaton_settings' => 0,
        ];

        $dataHandler = GeneralUtility::makeInstance(DataHandler::class);
        $dataHandler->start($data, []);
        $dataHandler->process_datamap();

        if (!empty($dataHandler->errorLog)) {
            $io->error('Failed to create workspace: ' . implode(', ', $dataHandler->errorLog));
            return Command::FAILURE;
        }

        $wsUid = $dataHandler->substNEWwithIDs['NEW_workspace'] ?? 0;
        $io->success('Created workspace "Staging Workspace" (uid=' . $wsUid . ')');

        $io->section('Next Steps');
        $io->listing([
            'Assign backend users to the "Workspace Editors" group',
            'Configure DB mounts and file mounts on the group',
            'Set up Scheduler tasks: "Workspaces auto-publication" + "Workspaces cleanup preview links"',
            'Configure TSconfig: options.workspaces.previewLinkTTLHours = 48',
            'Test: switch to the workspace in the backend top bar and edit a page',
        ]);

        return Command::SUCCESS;
    }
}

Register in Configuration/Services.yaml:

services:
  MyVendor\MySitepackage\Command\SetupWorkspaceCommand:
    tags:
      - name: 'console.command'
        command: 'workspace:setup'
        description: 'Create workspace with base configuration'

Run:

# DDEV
ddev exec bin/typo3 workspace:setup

# Non-DDEV
bin/typo3 workspace:setup

SQL Setup (LOCAL DDEV ONLY)

WARNING: These SQL queries are for LOCAL DDEV development environments ONLY. NEVER run raw SQL on production. Use the DataHandler CLI command above instead. Raw SQL bypasses DataHandler, reference index, history, and cache clearing.

-- ============================================================
-- LOCAL DDEV ONLY - Workspace base configuration
-- Save this block as setup-workspace.sql, then run: ddev mysql < setup-workspace.sql
-- ============================================================

-- 1. Create backend user group for workspace editors
INSERT INTO be_groups (pid, title, description, workspace_perms, tables_modify, tables_select, pagetypes_select, tstamp, crdate)
VALUES (
    0,
    'Workspace Editors',
    'Backend group for workspace editing access',
    1,  -- 1 = access to LIVE workspace
    'pages,tt_content,sys_file_reference',
    'pages,tt_content,sys_file_reference,sys_file',
    '1,3,4,6,7,199,254',
    UNIX_TIMESTAMP(),
    UNIX_TIMESTAMP()
);

SET @group_uid = LAST_INSERT_ID();

-- 2. Create custom workspace
INSERT INTO sys_workspace (pid, title, description, adminusers, members, publish_access, tstamp, crdate)
VALUES (
    0,
    'Staging Workspace',
    'Content staging workspace for preview and review before publishing',
    CONCAT('be_groups_', @group_uid),
    CONCAT('be_groups_', @group_uid),
    0,  -- 0 = no publish restriction
    UNIX_TIMESTAMP(),
    UNIX_TIMESTAMP()
);

SET @ws_uid = LAST_INSERT_ID();

-- 3. Verify
SELECT 'Backend Group' AS type, @group_uid AS uid, 'Workspace Editors' AS title
UNION ALL
SELECT 'Workspace' AS type, @ws_uid AS uid, 'Staging Workspace' AS title;

-- 4. Check existing workspace-enabled tables
SELECT TABLE_NAME
FROM information_schema.COLUMNS
WHERE COLUMN_NAME = 't3ver_oid'
  AND TABLE_SCHEMA = DATABASE()
ORDER BY TABLE_NAME;

# Run in DDEV:
ddev mysql < setup-workspace.sql

5. Making Extensions Workspace-Compatible

Step 1: Enable versioningWS in TCA

<?php
// EXT:my_extension/Configuration/TCA/tx_myextension_domain_model_item.php

return [
    'ctrl' => [
        'title' => 'LLL:EXT:my_extension/Resources/Private/Language/locallang_db.xlf:tx_myextension_domain_model_item',
        'label' => 'title',
        'tstamp' => 'tstamp',
        'crdate' => 'crdate',
        'delete' => 'deleted',
        'sortby' => 'sorting',
        // Enable workspace versioning
        'versioningWS' => true,
        // Language support
        'languageField' => 'sys_language_uid',
        'transOrigPointerField' => 'l10n_parent',
        'transOrigDiffSourceField' => 'l10n_diffsource',
        'translationSource' => 'l10n_source',
        'enablecolumns' => [
            'disabled' => 'hidden',
            'starttime' => 'starttime',
            'endtime' => 'endtime',
        ],
        'iconfile' => 'EXT:my_extension/Resources/Public/Icons/item.svg',
    ],
    // ... columns, types, palettes
];

The t3ver_* database columns are auto-created when versioningWS = true -- you do NOT need to add them to ext_tables.sql.

After enabling, run:

bin/typo3 database:updateschema

Step 2: Disable Versioning for Specific Tables

If a table must NOT be versioned (e.g., logging, statistics):

<?php
// EXT:my_extension/Configuration/TCA/Overrides/tx_myextension_log.php

$GLOBALS['TCA']['tx_myextension_log']['ctrl']['versioningWS'] = false;

Step 3: Allow Live Editing in Workspaces

For tables that should always be edited live (e.g., user settings, configuration):

<?php
// EXT:my_extension/Configuration/TCA/Overrides/tx_myextension_settings.php

// Records of this table are edited live even when a workspace is active
$GLOBALS['TCA']['tx_myextension_settings']['ctrl']['versioningWS_alwaysAllowLiveEdit'] = true;

Step 4: Backend Overlay (REQUIRED for Backend Modules)

<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace MyVendor\MyExtension\Controller;

use TYPO3\CMS\Backend\Utility\BackendUtility;
use TYPO3\CMS\Core\Database\Connection;
use TYPO3\CMS\Core\Database\ConnectionPool;

final class BackendItemController
{
    public function __construct(
        private readonly ConnectionPool $connectionPool,
    ) {}

    /**
     * Fetch a single record with workspace overlay.
     */
    public function getItem(int $uid): ?array
    {
        // Option A: One-liner (recommended)
        $row = BackendUtility::getRecordWSOL('tx_myextension_domain_model_item', $uid);

        // Option B: Manual (equivalent to A)
        // $row = BackendUtility::getRecord('tx_myextension_domain_model_item', $uid);
        // BackendUtility::workspaceOL('tx_myextension_domain_model_item', $row);

        return is_array($row) ? $row : null;
    }

    /**
     * Fetch multiple records with workspace overlay.
     */
    public function getItemsByPage(int $pageId): array
    {
        $queryBuilder = $this->connectionPool
            ->getQueryBuilderForTable('tx_myextension_domain_model_item');

        $result = $queryBuilder
            ->select('*')
            ->from('tx_myextension_domain_model_item')
            ->where(
                $queryBuilder->expr()->eq(
                    'pid',
                    $queryBuilder->createNamedParameter($pageId, Connection::PARAM_INT)
                )
            )
            ->executeQuery();

        $items = [];
        while ($row = $result->fetchAssociative()) {
            // CRITICAL: Apply workspace overlay to each row
            BackendUtility::workspaceOL('tx_myextension_domain_model_item', $row);
            if (is_array($row)) {
                $items[] = $row;
            }
        }

        return $items;
    }
}

Step 5: Frontend Overlay (REQUIRED for Frontend Plugins)

<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace MyVendor\MyExtension\Service;

use TYPO3\CMS\Core\Database\Connection;
use TYPO3\CMS\Core\Database\ConnectionPool;
use TYPO3\CMS\Core\Domain\Repository\PageRepository;

final class ItemService
{
    public function __construct(
        private readonly ConnectionPool $connectionPool,
        private readonly PageRepository $pageRepository,
    ) {}

    /**
     * Fetch items with workspace + language overlay for frontend rendering.
     */
    public function findByPage(int $pageId): array
    {
        $queryBuilder = $this->connectionPool
            ->getQueryBuilderForTable('tx_myextension_domain_model_item');

        $result = $queryBuilder
            ->select('*')
            ->from('tx_myextension_domain_model_item')
            ->where(
                $queryBuilder->expr()->eq(
                    'pid',
                    $queryBuilder->createNamedParameter($pageId, Connection::PARAM_INT)
                )
            )
            ->executeQuery();

        $items = [];
        while ($row = $result->fetchAssociative()) {
            // Apply workspace overlay (MUST be called before language overlay)
            $this->pageRepository->versionOL('tx_myextension_domain_model_item', $row);
            if (!is_array($row)) {
                continue;
            }
            // Apply language overlay
            $row = $this->pageRepository->getLanguageOverlay(
                'tx_myextension_domain_model_item',
                $row
            );
            if (is_array($row)) {
                $items[] = $row;
            }
        }

        return $items;
    }
}

Step 6: Backend Module Workspace Restriction

<?php
// EXT:my_extension/Configuration/Backend/Modules.php

return [
    'my_module' => [
        'parent' => 'web',
        'position' => ['after' => 'web_info'],
        'access' => 'user',
        // Control workspace availability:
        // '*'       = available in all workspaces (default)
        // 'live'    = only available in live workspace
        // 'offline' = only available in custom workspaces
        'workspaces' => '*',
        'iconIdentifier' => 'my-module-icon',
        'labels' => 'LLL:EXT:my_extension/Resources/Private/Language/locallang_mod.xlf',
        'routes' => [
            '_default' => [
                'target' => \MyVendor\MyExtension\Controller\MyModuleController::class . '::handleRequest',
            ],
        ],
    ],
];

6. Migrating Queries: WITHOUT Workspaces to WITH Workspaces

Pattern A: Backend QueryBuilder (Before/After)

BEFORE (no workspace awareness):

<?php
// WRONG: Does not respect workspaces
$queryBuilder = $this->connectionPool->getQueryBuilderForTable('tt_content');
$rows = $queryBuilder
    ->select('*')
    ->from('tt_content')
    ->where(
        $queryBuilder->expr()->eq('pid', $queryBuilder->createNamedParameter($pageId, Connection::PARAM_INT))
    )
    ->executeQuery()
    ->fetchAllAssociative();

// Rows may include workspace placeholders and miss workspace versions!

AFTER (workspace-aware):

<?php

use TYPO3\CMS\Backend\Utility\BackendUtility;
use TYPO3\CMS\Core\Database\Connection;

$queryBuilder = $this->connectionPool->getQueryBuilderForTable('tt_content');
$result = $queryBuilder
    ->select('*')
    ->from('tt_content')
    ->where(
        $queryBuilder->expr()->eq('pid', $queryBuilder->createNamedParameter($pageId, Connection::PARAM_INT))
    )
    ->executeQuery();

$rows = [];
while ($row = $result->fetchAssociative()) {
    // Apply workspace overlay
    BackendUtility::workspaceOL('tt_content', $row);
    if (is_array($row)) {
        $rows[] = $row;
    }
}

Pattern B: Frontend with WorkspaceRestriction

BEFORE (no workspace restriction):

<?php
// WRONG for frontend: Missing WorkspaceRestriction
$queryBuilder = $this->connectionPool->getQueryBuilderForTable('tx_news_domain_model_news');
$queryBuilder->getRestrictions()->removeAll()->add(
    GeneralUtility::makeInstance(DeletedRestriction::class)
);

AFTER (proper frontend restrictions):

<?php

use TYPO3\CMS\Core\Database\Query\Restriction\FrontendRestrictionContainer;

// FrontendRestrictionContainer includes:
// - DeletedRestriction
// - HiddenRestriction
// - StartTimeRestriction
// - EndTimeRestriction
// - WorkspaceRestriction  <-- automatically included!
// - FrontendGroupRestriction
$queryBuilder = $this->connectionPool->getQueryBuilderForTable('tx_news_domain_model_news');
$queryBuilder->setRestrictions(
    GeneralUtility::makeInstance(FrontendRestrictionContainer::class)
);

Pattern C: Adding WorkspaceRestriction Manually

<?php

use TYPO3\CMS\Core\Database\Query\Restriction\DeletedRestriction;
use TYPO3\CMS\Core\Database\Query\Restriction\WorkspaceRestriction;
use TYPO3\CMS\Core\Context\Context;
use TYPO3\CMS\Core\Utility\GeneralUtility;

$workspaceId = GeneralUtility::makeInstance(Context::class)
    ->getPropertyFromAspect('workspace', 'id', 0);

$queryBuilder = $this->connectionPool->getQueryBuilderForTable('tx_myext_item');
$queryBuilder->getRestrictions()
    ->removeAll()
    ->add(GeneralUtility::makeInstance(DeletedRestriction::class))
    ->add(GeneralUtility::makeInstance(WorkspaceRestriction::class, $workspaceId));

Important: WorkspaceRestriction only filters the SQL result to exclude wrong workspace records. You still must call versionOL() or workspaceOL() on each row to get the actual workspace content overlaid.

Pattern D: Extbase Repository (Mostly Transparent)

Extbase repositories handle workspace overlays automatically via the persistence layer. No changes needed for standard findBy* methods.

However, if you use custom QueryBuilder inside a repository:

<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace MyVendor\MyExtension\Domain\Repository;

use TYPO3\CMS\Core\Database\ConnectionPool;
use TYPO3\CMS\Core\Domain\Repository\PageRepository;
use TYPO3\CMS\Extbase\Persistence\Repository;

final class ItemRepository extends Repository
{
    public function __construct(
        private readonly ConnectionPool $connectionPool,
        private readonly PageRepository $pageRepository,
    ) {
        // parent constructor is called automatically via DI
    }

    /**
     * Custom query that needs manual workspace handling.
     */
    public function findItemsWithCustomQuery(int $categoryId): array
    {
        $queryBuilder = $this->connectionPool
            ->getQueryBuilderForTable('tx_myextension_domain_model_item');

        // Use FrontendRestrictionContainer for proper workspace filtering
        $queryBuilder->setRestrictions(
            \TYPO3\CMS\Core\Utility\GeneralUtility::makeInstance(
                \TYPO3\CMS\Core\Database\Query\Restriction\FrontendRestrictionContainer::class
            )
        );

        $result = $queryBuilder
            ->select('i.*')
            ->from('tx_myextension_domain_model_item', 'i')
            ->join(
                'i',
                'sys_category_record_mm',
                'mm',
                $queryBuilder->expr()->eq('mm.uid_foreign', $queryBuilder->quoteIdentifier('i.uid'))
            )
            ->where(
                $queryBuilder->expr()->eq(
                    'mm.uid_local',
                    $queryBuilder->createNamedParameter($categoryId, \TYPO3\CMS\Core\Database\Connection::PARAM_INT)
                )
            )
            ->executeQuery();

        $items = [];
        while ($row = $result->fetchAssociative()) {
            $this->pageRepository->versionOL('tx_myextension_domain_model_item', $row);
            if (is_array($row)) {
                $items[] = $row;
            }
        }

        return $items;
    }
}

Pattern E: Migrating Legacy Queries (TYPO3 v10/v11 style to v13/v14)

BEFORE (deprecated -- old exec_SELECTquery pattern, no longer available):

<?php
// DEPRECATED: Do NOT use. Not available in v13/v14.
// $res = $GLOBALS['TYPO3_DB']->exec_SELECTquery('*', 'tt_content', 'pid=' . (int)$pageId);

AFTER (modern QueryBuilder with workspace support):

<?php

use TYPO3\CMS\Backend\Utility\BackendUtility;
use TYPO3\CMS\Core\Database\Connection;
use TYPO3\CMS\Core\Database\ConnectionPool;
use TYPO3\CMS\Core\Utility\GeneralUtility;

$queryBuilder = GeneralUtility::makeInstance(ConnectionPool::class)
    ->getQueryBuilderForTable('tt_content');

$result = $queryBuilder
    ->select('*')
    ->from('tt_content')
    ->where(
        $queryBuilder->expr()->eq(
            'pid',
            $queryBuilder->createNamedParameter($pageId, Connection::PARAM_INT)
        )
    )
    ->executeQuery();

while ($row = $result->fetchAssociative()) {
    BackendUtility::workspaceOL('tt_content', $row);
    if (is_array($row)) {
        // Process the workspace-overlaid record
    }
}

7. Translations with Workspaces

How the Dual Overlay Works

When rendering a page in a workspace with a non-default language:

Live Record (lang=0, ws=0)
  └─► Workspace Overlay (lang=0, ws=1)     ← workspace version of default language
  └─► Language Overlay (lang=1, ws=0)       ← translation of live record
        └─► Workspace Overlay (lang=1, ws=1) ← workspace version of translation

TYPO3 handles this automatically when using PageRepository->versionOL() and PageRepository->getLanguageOverlay().

Creating Translations in Workspace Context

When working in a workspace:

1. The default language record is versioned first (if modified)
2. Translations created in a workspace get their own placeholder + version records
3. The l10n_parent field points to the live default language record UID
4. Each translation version has its own t3ver_oid pointing to the live translation

Database example for a tt_content record translated to French in workspace 1:

Language Restrictions per Workspace

Restrict which languages a user can edit in a specific workspace:

# User TSconfig
# Allow only French (uid=1) and German (uid=2) in workspace 3
options.workspaces.allowed_languages.3 = 1,2

File Translations with Workspaces

The same file limitation applies to translations:

• Translated file references (sys_file_reference with sys_language_uid > 0) ARE versioned
• Physical files are NOT versioned
• If a translation needs a different PDF/image, upload it as a new file with a unique name
• Do NOT overwrite files shared between language versions

8. Debugging & Troubleshooting

Quick Diagnostic Checklist

When workspaces "don't work", check these in order:

SQL Queries for Debugging (DDEV Local Only)

-- Check if workspace records exist
SELECT uid, title, adminusers, members, publish_access
FROM sys_workspace
WHERE deleted = 0;

-- Check versioned records for a specific page
SELECT uid, pid, t3ver_oid, t3ver_wsid, t3ver_state, t3ver_stage, header
FROM tt_content
WHERE t3ver_wsid > 0
  AND deleted = 0
ORDER BY t3ver_wsid, t3ver_oid;

-- Find orphaned workspace records (pointing to deleted live records)
SELECT ws.uid AS ws_uid, ws.t3ver_oid, ws.t3ver_wsid, ws.header
FROM tt_content ws
LEFT JOIN tt_content live ON ws.t3ver_oid = live.uid
WHERE ws.t3ver_wsid > 0
  AND ws.deleted = 0
  AND (live.uid IS NULL OR live.deleted = 1);

-- Check workspace-enabled tables
SELECT TABLE_NAME
FROM information_schema.COLUMNS
WHERE COLUMN_NAME = 't3ver_oid'
  AND TABLE_SCHEMA = DATABASE()
ORDER BY TABLE_NAME;

-- Inspect backend user's workspace permissions
SELECT
    bu.uid,
    bu.username,
    bu.workspace_perms,
    GROUP_CONCAT(bg.title SEPARATOR ', ') AS groups,
    GROUP_CONCAT(bg.workspace_perms SEPARATOR ', ') AS group_ws_perms
FROM be_users bu
LEFT JOIN be_users_be_groups_mm mm ON bu.uid = mm.uid_local
LEFT JOIN be_groups bg ON mm.uid_foreign = bg.uid
WHERE bu.deleted = 0
  AND bu.disable = 0
GROUP BY bu.uid, bu.username, bu.workspace_perms;

-- Check sys_log for workspace operations
SELECT
    FROM_UNIXTIME(tstamp) AS time,
    userid,
    action,
    details,
    tablename,
    recuid,
    workspace
FROM sys_log
WHERE workspace > 0
ORDER BY tstamp DESC
LIMIT 50;

Programmatic Permission Check

<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

use TYPO3\CMS\

…(truncated)