tranhieutt Microservices Patterns
Service decomposition, communication, resilience, and orchestration patterns.
Service Decomposition
| Pattern | Description | Use When |
|---|---|---|
| Domain-Driven | Align services with bounded contexts | Complex business domains |
| Data-Ownership | Service owns its data store | Data isolation required |
| Team-Aligned | One service per team | Large organizations |
Communication Patterns
Sync: HTTP/gRPC
```yaml
API Gateway routing
routes:
- match: { prefix: /orders } route: { cluster: order-service }
- match: { prefix: /users } route: { cluster: user-service } ```
Async: Message Queue
``` Producer → Exchange → Queue → Consumer (Topic) (DLQ on failure) ```
Use async for: event propagation, eventual consistency, load leveling.
Resilience Patterns
Circuit Breaker
```typescript // Example with opossum const breaker = new CircuitBreaker(fetchUserProfile, { timeout: 3000, errorThresholdPercentage: 50, resetTimeout: 30000, }); ```
Retry with Backoff
```typescript async function retryWithBackoff(fn, maxRetries = 3) { for (let i = 0; i < maxRetries; i++) { try { return await fn(); } catch (e) { await sleep(Math.pow(2, i) * 1000); } } throw new Error('Max retries exceeded'); } ```
Data Patterns
| Pattern | Consistency | Complexity | Use When |
|---|---|---|---|
| Saga (orchestration) | Eventual | High | Complex multi-service transactions |
| Saga (choreography) | Eventual | Medium | Simple event chains |
| Event sourcing | Eventual | High | Audit trail, time travel |
| Shared database | Strong | Low | Anti-pattern, avoid |
API Gateway
Tools: Kong, AWS API Gateway, Envoy, NGINX.
Responsibilities: routing, auth, rate limiting, request transformation, load balancing.
Observability Stack
- Distributed tracing: Jaeger / Tempo
- Metrics: Prometheus + Grafana
- Logs: ELK / Loki
- Service mesh: Istio / Linkerd (adds mTLS, traffic management)
Related Skills
backend-architect— single-service architectureevent-sourcing-architect— event sourcing patternskubernetes-architect— deployment patternsdeployment-engineer— CI/CD for microservices