Monorepo

MONOREPO — Structure & Patterns

Structure (recommended)

my-monorepo/
├── apps/
│   ├── api/           # FastAPI backend
│   ├── web/           # Next.js frontend
│   └── worker/        # Job processor
├── packages/
│   ├── shared-types/  # TypeScript types shared by web + api
│   ├── ui/            # Shared React components
│   └── config/        # ESLint, TS configs
├── tools/
│   └── scripts/       # Build, deploy scripts
├── pnpm-workspace.yaml  # or turbo.json, nx.json
└── package.json

pnpm Workspace

# pnpm-workspace.yaml
packages:
  - 'apps/*'
  - 'packages/*'

Shared Package Pattern

// packages/shared-types/package.json
{
  "name": "@myapp/shared-types",
  "version": "0.0.0",
  "main": "./src/index.ts",
  "types": "./src/index.ts"
}

// apps/web uses it
import type { Job, JobStatus } from "@myapp/shared-types"

Turborepo Pipeline

// turbo.json
{
  "pipeline": {
    "build": {
      "dependsOn": ["^build"],    // build deps first
      "outputs": ["dist/**", ".next/**"]
    },
    "test": {
      "dependsOn": ["^build"],
      "cache": false               // always run tests fresh
    },
    "lint": { "cache": true }
  }
}

# Build only affected packages
turbo run build --filter=...[origin/main]

# Test specific app
turbo run test --filter=@myapp/api

Forbidden

❌ Copying code between apps instead of shared package ❌ Different versions of the same dep in different apps (use root deps) ❌ No build caching (turbo/nx cache is the main benefit) ❌ Putting unrelated apps in same monorepo (use it for cohesive product)