undermybelt Configuring Windows Event Logging for Detection
When to Use
Use this skill when:
- Configuring Windows Advanced Audit Policy for security monitoring
- Enabling process creation auditing with command line logging (Event 4688)
- Setting up logon/logoff auditing for authentication monitoring
- Sizing event log storage and forwarding to SIEM platforms
Do not use for Sysmon configuration (separate skill) or Linux audit logging.
Prerequisites
- Windows Server or Windows 10/11 systems with Group Policy management access
- Active Directory environment with Group Policy Object (GPO) creation privileges
- SIEM platform configured to receive Windows Event Log forwarding
- Understanding of Windows security event IDs and audit categories
Workflow
Step 1: Configure Advanced Audit Policy via GPO
Computer Configuration → Windows Settings → Security Settings
→ Advanced Audit Policy Configuration → Audit Policies
Recommended settings:
Account Logon:
- Audit Credential Validation: Success, Failure
- Audit Kerberos Authentication: Success, Failure
Account Management:
- Audit Security Group Management: Success
- Audit User Account Management: Success, Failure
Logon/Logoff:
- Audit Logon: Success, Failure
- Audit Logoff: Success
- Audit Special Logon: Success
- Audit Other Logon/Logoff Events: Success, Failure
Object Access:
- Audit File Share: Success, Failure
- Audit Removable Storage: Success, Failure
- Audit SAM: Success
Policy Change:
- Audit Audit Policy Change: Success, Failure
- Audit Authentication Policy Change: Success
Privilege Use:
- Audit Sensitive Privilege Use: Success, Failure
Detailed Tracking:
- Audit Process Creation: Success
- Audit DPAPI Activity: Success, Failure
Step 2: Enable Command Line in Process Creation Events
# Registry: Enable command line logging in Event 4688
New-ItemProperty -Path "HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System\Audit" `
-Name ProcessCreationIncludeCmdLine_Enabled -Value 1 -PropertyType DWORD -Force
# GPO: Computer Configuration → Administrative Templates → System → Audit Process Creation
# "Include command line in process creation events" → Enabled
Step 3: Configure Event Log Sizes
# Increase Security log to 1 GB (default 20 MB is insufficient)
wevtutil sl Security /ms:1073741824
# Increase PowerShell Operational log
wevtutil sl "Microsoft-Windows-PowerShell/Operational" /ms:536870912
# Set log retention to overwrite as needed
wevtutil sl Security /rt:false
# Configure via GPO:
# Computer Configuration → Administrative Templates → Windows Components
# → Event Log Service → Security
# Maximum log file size (KB): 1048576
Step 4: Configure Windows Event Forwarding (WEF)
# On collector server:
wecutil qc /q
# Create subscription for high-value events:
# Event IDs: 4624 (logon), 4625 (failed logon), 4688 (process create),
# 4672 (special privilege), 4720 (user created), 4728 (group membership),
# 7045 (service installed), 1102 (log cleared)
# On source endpoints (GPO):
# Configure WinRM: winrm quickconfig
# Configure event forwarding: Computer Configuration → Admin Templates
# → Windows Components → Event Forwarding
# Configure target Subscription Manager: Server=http://collector:5985/wsman/SubscriptionManager/WEC
Step 5: Key Event IDs for Detection
Authentication Events:
4624 - Successful logon (Type 2=Interactive, 3=Network, 10=RemoteInteractive)
4625 - Failed logon attempt
4648 - Logon using explicit credentials (RunAs, pass-the-hash indicator)
4672 - Special privileges assigned (admin logon)
4776 - NTLM credential validation
Process Events:
4688 - Process creation (with command line if enabled)
4689 - Process termination
Account Events:
4720 - User account created
4722 - User account enabled
4724 - Password reset attempted
4728 - Member added to security group
4732 - Member added to local group
4756 - Member added to universal group
Service/System Events:
7045 - New service installed (persistence indicator)
1102 - Audit log cleared (evidence tampering)
4697 - Service installed in the system
Lateral Movement Indicators:
4648 + 4624(Type 3) - Credential-based lateral movement
5140 - Network share accessed
5145 - Network share access check (detailed file share)
Key Concepts
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Advanced Audit Policy | Granular audit subcategories (58 subcategories vs. 9 basic categories) |
| Event ID 4688 | Process creation event; essential for tracking execution on endpoints |
| WEF | Windows Event Forwarding; centralized log collection without third-party agents |
| Logon Type | Numeric code indicating authentication method (2=interactive, 3=network, 10=RDP) |
Tools & Systems
- Windows Event Forwarding (WEF): Built-in centralized log collection
- NXLog: Open-source log forwarding agent for Windows events
- Winlogbeat: Elastic Agent for shipping Windows event logs to Elasticsearch
- Palantir WEF Configuration: Open-source WEF subscription templates
Common Pitfalls
- Using basic audit policy instead of advanced: Basic and advanced audit policies conflict. Always use advanced audit policy exclusively.
- Default log size too small: 20 MB Security log fills in minutes on busy servers. Set minimum 1 GB.
- Missing command line logging: Event 4688 without command line content has minimal detection value. Always enable ProcessCreationIncludeCmdLine_Enabled.
- Not forwarding logs: Local event logs are lost when endpoints are wiped by ransomware. Forward to centralized SIEM immediately.