1---2name: financial-analysis-valuation-techniques3description: Sub-skill of financial-analysis: Valuation Techniques (+2).4---56# Valuation Techniques (+2)78## Valuation Techniques91011- **Discounted Cash Flow (DCF)**: FCFF, FCFE, DDM, APV12- **Relative Valuation**: P/E, EV/EBITDA, P/B, PEG, EV/Sales, industry multiples13- **Asset-Based Valuation**: Book value, liquidation value, replacement cost, sum-of-parts1415## Risk Metrics161718- **Portfolio Risk**: Standard deviation, Sharpe ratio, Information ratio, Sortino ratio, maximum drawdown, Calmar ratio19- **Value at Risk (VaR)**: Historical simulation, variance-covariance, Monte Carlo simulation20- **Credit Metrics**: Probability of default (PD), Loss given default (LGD), Expected loss (EL), Credit value adjustment (CVA)2122## Performance Analysis232425- **Return Metrics**: TWR (time-weighted return), MWR (money-weighted return), IRR, XIRR26- **Risk-Adjusted Returns**: Sharpe ratio, Treynor ratio, Jensen's alpha, Information ratio, M-squared, Omega ratio
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