Skill Frontend QA Friendly

Frontend QA-friendly

When writing or reviewing frontend code that will be tested by QA (e.g. Playwright), ensure markup allows stable, fast locators: getByRole, getByLabel, getByTestId. Avoid selectors that depend on DOM position or styling.

Goal

Frontend that lets tests locate and fill elements quickly and reliably, without brittle XPaths like div[1]/div[2]/input.

Forms

• Labels: Always associate each input with a label: <label for="id"> and id on the input, or wrap the input inside <label>.
• Avoid inputs with no associated label; tests rely on getByLabel('Label text') or getByRole('textbox', { name: 'Label text' }).
• Placeholder: If using placeholder as fallback, keep it stable or document it; tests may use getByPlaceholder().

Buttons and links

• Use visible text or a stable aria-label so tests can use getByRole('button', { name: '...' }) or getByRole('link', { name: '...' }).
• Avoid buttons/links with no accessible name (e.g. icon-only without aria-label).

Checkboxes and radios

• Associate each control with a label or aria-label so tests can use getByRole('checkbox', { name: '...' }) or getByRole('radio', { name: '...' }).

Combos and selects

• Prefer native <select> or components that expose proper roles and names (e.g. combobox + option).
• Avoid custom dropdowns that are only targetable by "first button in second div"; expose role and accessible name so tests can use getByRole('combobox', { name: '...' }) and getByRole('option', { name: '...' }).

IDs

• Use stable, unique IDs when you use id; avoid auto-generated IDs that change every build.
• Prefer semantic hooks (role + label) over IDs for test locators when possible.

data-testid

• Use data-testid when role/label are not enough (e.g. inner regions, dynamic lists, complex components).
• Use a stable, documented convention (e.g. data-testid="form-nome", data-testid="btn-enviar").
• Tests can then use getByTestId('form-nome'). Do not overuse; prefer accessible markup first.

Avoid

• XPath by position: Selectors like ./div[1]/div[2]/input break when layout or structure changes.
• Style classes as sole hook: Minified or hashed class names change between builds; do not rely on them for test selectors.
• Placeholders that change with i18n without a stable fallback (e.g. label or data-testid) for tests.

Loading and feedback

• Expose clear states so tests can wait for completion: e.g. aria-busy="true", disabled submit button, or a visible "loading" element with role or data-testid.
• Success/error messages: use role="alert" or stable text/data-testid so tests can assert with getByRole('alert') or getByText(/.../).

Checklist when writing or reviewing

• Every form input has an associated label (for/id or wrapped in label).
• Buttons and links have visible text or aria-label.
• Checkboxes and radios have a label or aria-label.
• Combos/selects are reachable by role and name (native select or accessible custom component).
• data-testid used only where role/label are insufficient; convention is stable and documented.
• No test-critical selectors depend on div order or style-only classes.
• Loading and result states are detectable (aria-busy, role="alert", or stable testid/text).