Integration Test

Integration Testing

Integration tests verify that multiple parts of the system work together correctly. They provide more confidence than unit tests because they test real interactions with less mocking.

Testing Trophy Philosophy

Integration tests sit at the sweet spot of the Testing Trophy:

    /\
   /  \  E2E (slowest, highest confidence)
  /----\
 / INT  \ Integration (SWEET SPOT)
/--------\
|  UNIT  | Unit (fastest, lowest confidence)
|________|
 STATIC   (lint, types)

Why integration > unit:

• Less mocking = more confidence - Test real interactions, not mocked approximations
• Refactoring doesn't break tests - Testing behavior, not implementation details
• Unit tests can pass while app is broken - Integration tests catch integration bugs
• Better ROI - More coverage per test, catches more bug types

When to Use Integration Tests

✅ Use integration tests when:

• Testing workflows that span multiple components/modules
• Verifying database operations (read → transform → write)
• Testing React components that use context providers
• Testing full user flows (auth, forms, multi-step processes)
• Testing server actions that call multiple services
• Verifying API endpoints with real request/response

❌ Don't use integration tests when:

• Testing pure functions (use unit tests - no mocking needed)
• Testing simple utility functions
• Testing isolated business logic calculations

Decision heuristic: If you need >3 mocks, it's probably better as an integration test.

Core Patterns

1. Factory Pattern for Test Data

Use factories to create test data with sensible defaults and override support. See references/factory-patterns.md for detailed examples.

Quick example:

const user = createUser() // defaults
const admin = createUser({ role: "admin" }) // override
const session = createTestSession({ userId: user.id, permissions: ["edit_workouts"] })

Benefits:

• Consistent test data across tests
• Override only what matters for the test
• Self-documenting defaults
• Easy to maintain (change defaults in one place)

2. Database Testing with Fake DB

Use FakeDatabase from @repo/test-utils to test database operations without hitting a real database:

import { FakeDatabase } from "@repo/test-utils/fakes/fake-db"
import { createUser, createTeam } from "@repo/test-utils/factories"

const db = new FakeDatabase<{ users: User; teams: Team }>()

// Insert test data
const user = db.insert("users", createUser())
const team = db.insert("teams", createTeam({ ownerId: user.id }))

// Test your code
const result = await yourFunction(db, team.id)

// Verify
const updated = db.findById("teams", team.id)
expect(updated.name).toBe("Updated Name")

FakeDatabase provides in-memory database for testing.

3. MSW for Network Mocking

Mock at the network boundary, not at the function level. Use Mock Service Worker (MSW) to intercept HTTP requests:

import { http, HttpResponse } from "msw"
import { setupServer } from "msw/node"

const server = setupServer(
  http.get("/api/workouts", () => {
    return HttpResponse.json([
      { id: "w1", name: "Fran" },
      { id: "w2", name: "Grace" },
    ])
  })
)

beforeAll(() => server.listen())
afterEach(() => server.resetHandlers())
afterAll(() => server.close())

it("fetches and displays workouts", async () => {
  render(<WorkoutList />)
  
  // Component fetches /api/workouts
  await waitFor(() => {
    expect(screen.getByText("Fran")).toBeInTheDocument()
  })
})

Why MSW > function mocks:

• Tests real fetch/axios calls
• Catches serialization issues
• Tests error handling (network failures, 500s)
• Same mock setup works for browser and Node.js

4. Async Testing Patterns

NEVER use arbitrary timeouts (setTimeout, sleep). Use Testing Library's async utilities:

// ❌ BAD - flaky, slow
it("shows success message", async () => {
  submitForm()
  await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 1000))
  expect(screen.getByText("Success")).toBeInTheDocument()
})

// ✅ GOOD - fast, reliable
it("shows success message", async () => {
  submitForm()
  expect(await screen.findByText("Success")).toBeInTheDocument()
})

// ✅ GOOD - with custom condition
it("updates status", async () => {
  submitForm()
  await waitFor(() => {
    expect(screen.getByTestId("status")).toHaveTextContent("Complete")
  })
})

Async query variants:

Prefer findBy* for async content:

// Automatically waits up to 1s, retries every 50ms
const element = await screen.findByRole("button", { name: "Submit" })

5. Testing React Components with Providers

Use a custom render function to wrap components in necessary providers:

import { render } from "@testing-library/react"
import { SessionProvider } from "@/components/session-provider"
import { createTestSession } from "@repo/test-utils/factories"

function renderWithSession(ui: React.ReactElement, session = createTestSession()) {
  return render(
    <SessionProvider session={session}>
      {ui}
    </SessionProvider>
  )
}

it("shows user name when logged in", () => {
  const session = createTestSession({ user: { firstName: "Alice" } })
  renderWithSession(<Dashboard />, session)
  
  expect(screen.getByText("Welcome, Alice")).toBeInTheDocument()
})

Common providers to wrap:

• SessionProvider - auth state
• QueryClientProvider - React Query
• ThemeProvider - styling
• Custom context providers

Multi-Component Testing Example

import { describe, it, expect, beforeEach } from "vitest"
import { render, screen, waitFor } from "@testing-library/react"
import userEvent from "@testing-library/user-event"
import { FakeDatabase } from "@repo/test-utils/fakes/fake-db"
import { createTestSession, createWorkout } from "@repo/test-utils/factories"

describe("Workout Subscription Flow", () => {
  let db: FakeDatabase<{ workouts: Workout; subscriptions: Subscription }>
  let session: SessionWithMeta
  
  beforeEach(() => {
    db = new FakeDatabase()
    session = createTestSession({ permissions: ["subscribe_to_workouts"] })
    
    // Seed test data
    const workout = db.insert("workouts", createWorkout({ name: "CrossFit Open 24.1" }))
  })
  
  it("allows user to subscribe to a workout", async () => {
    const user = userEvent.setup()
    render(<WorkoutCatalog db={db} />, { wrapper: SessionProvider })
    
    // Step 1: Find workout
    expect(await screen.findByText("CrossFit Open 24.1")).toBeInTheDocument()
    
    // Step 2: Click subscribe
    await user.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Subscribe" }))
    
    // Step 3: Verify subscription created
    await waitFor(() => {
      const subscriptions = db.findAll("subscriptions")
      expect(subscriptions).toHaveLength(1)
      expect(subscriptions[0].workoutId).toBe(workout.id)
    })
    
    // Step 4: UI updates
    expect(screen.getByText("Subscribed")).toBeInTheDocument()
  })
})

File Organization

test/
├── integration/         # Multi-component/multi-layer tests
│   ├── programming-subscription.test.ts
│   ├── auth-flow.test.ts
│   └── checkout-flow.test.ts
├── actions/             # Server action tests (mock services)
│   └── workout-actions.test.ts
├── server/              # Service tests (mock DB)
│   └── workouts.test.ts
└── lib/                 # Pure function tests (no mocks)
    └── scoring/
        └── validate.test.ts

Integration tests go in test/integration/ when they cross boundaries (UI + server + DB).

Running Tests

pnpm test                                      # all tests
pnpm test test/integration/                   # integration tests only
pnpm test -- programming-subscription.test.ts # single file

Key Principles

1. Mock at boundaries, not internals - Network (MSW), DB (FakeDatabase), external APIs
2. Test behavior, not implementation - User actions → expected outcomes
3. Use factories for consistent data - Override only what matters
4. Async utilities over timeouts - findBy*, waitFor, never setTimeout
5. Custom render for providers - Wrap components in necessary context
6. Enforce real constraints - FakeDatabase validates query patterns

Additional Resources

• Factory Patterns - See references/factory-patterns.md for detailed factory examples
• Testing Library Docs - https://testing-library.com/docs/queries/about
• MSW Docs - https://mswjs.io/docs/
• Vitest Docs - https://vitest.dev/