Latex Compile

LaTeX Compile

LaTeX compilation assistant for XeLaTeX projects, handling compilation errors, cross-references, and diagnostics.

Overview

This skill provides the standard XeLaTeX compilation workflow for LaTeX projects, including error diagnosis and fixes.

Important: When users invoke this skill, they typically have compilation problems that need solving. Always display sufficient error information for diagnosis — do not over-filter the output!

When to Use

Use when:

• Compiling .tex files with XeLaTeX
• Encountering LaTeX compilation errors (environment mismatch, undefined references, Chinese character issues)
• Diagnosing compilation warnings or failed builds

Don't use when:

• Compiling with pdfLaTeX or LuaLaTeX (commands differ)
• Setting up a new LaTeX project from scratch (use the writer LaTeX and textbook-LaTeX route, including its template assets, instead)

Standard Compilation Commands

VSCode LaTeX Workshop recipe (XeLaTeX):

# XeLaTeX compilation (first pass)
xelatex -synctex=1 -interaction=nonstopmode -file-line-error main.tex

# XeLaTeX compilation (second pass - update cross-references)
xelatex -synctex=1 -interaction=nonstopmode -file-line-error main.tex

Parameters:

• -synctex=1: Generate SyncTeX data for PDF viewer synchronization
• -interaction=nonstopmode: Continue compilation on errors (shows all errors at once)
• -file-line-error: Display error messages with file and line numbers
• main.tex: Main LaTeX file

Compilation passes:

• Must compile twice: First pass generates .aux files, second pass updates cross-references
• If labels or references change, compile again

Common Compilation Error Diagnosis

1. Environment Mismatch Error

Symptom:

! LaTeX Error: \begin{document} ended by \end{remark}.

Cause: Mismatched environment begin/end tags

Diagnosis command:

grep -n "begin{remark}\|end{remark}" chapters/*.tex

Fix:

• Check each \begin{remark} has corresponding \end{remark}
• Remove extra \end{remark} tags

2. Missing Required Parameter Error

Symptom:

! Package pgfkeys Error: I do not know the key '/tcb/Title'...

Cause: Incorrect theorem environment format

Correct format:

% CORRECT format (using \newtcbtheorem)
\begin{remark}{Title}{label}
  Content...
\end{remark}

% WRONG format
\begin{remark}[Title]
  Content...
\end{remark}

3. Chinese Character Error

Symptom:

! Package pgfkeys Error: I do not know the key '/tcb/中文标题'...

Cause: Chinese title in square brackets

Fix: Ensure using {Title}{label} format

4. Undefined Reference Warning

Symptom:

LaTeX Warning: Reference `eq:label' undefined...
LaTeX Warning: Label(s) may have changed. Rerun to get cross-references right.

Fix: Run compilation again (second pass)

Compilation Output Interpretation

Successful compilation

Output written on main.pdf (93 pages).
Transcript written on main.log.

Warnings but successful

Package hyperref Warning: Token not allowed in a PDF string (Unicode)...
Output written on main.pdf (93 pages).

• hyperref warnings are usually ignorable (Unicode in PDF bookmarks)

Failed compilation

! LaTeX Error: ...
l.123 \begin{remark}

• Line number indicates error location
• Must fix error before recompiling

Quick Diagnosis Commands

⚠️ Important: When diagnosing compilation errors, do not over-filter the output! Error information may be anywhere in the output. Using head or tail may miss critical errors.

Recommended Error Diagnosis Methods

Method 1: Show all errors and warnings (recommended)

xelatex -synctex=1 -interaction=nonstopmode -file-line-error main.tex 2>&1 | grep -E "Error|! |Warning"

This displays all errors, warnings, and fatal errors starting with !.

Method 2: Limit line count but don't use head/tail

xelatex -synctex=1 -interaction=nonstopmode -file-line-error main.tex 2>&1 | grep -E "Error|! " | head -50

If the output is truly too large, you can use head -50 to limit to the first 50 errors, but never use tail!

Method 3: Check specific types of errors

# Check all environment mismatch errors
grep -E "begin|end" main.tex | grep -v "%"

# Check remark environments in specific files
grep -n "begin{remark}\|end{remark}" chapters/*.tex

Not Recommended (will miss errors)

❌ Don't do this:

# Only see last 10 lines, will miss errors in the middle
xelatex ... 2>&1 | tail -10

# Only see first 30 lines, won't see later errors
xelatex ... 2>&1 | head -30

# Only see last 20 lines, may miss main errors
xelatex ... 2>&1 | tail -20

Other Useful Diagnostic Commands

View specific line range:

sed -n '1500,1550p' chapters/chapter02.tex

Check specific labels:

grep -n "label{eq:" chapters/*.tex | sort | uniq -d

Compilation Workflow

⚠️ Important Principle: When users invoke this skill, they have compilation problems. Must display sufficient error information to help diagnose!

Step 1: Get Complete Error Information

Recommended approach: Show all errors without using head/tail

xelatex -synctex=1 -interaction=nonstopmode -file-line-error main.tex 2>&1 | grep -E "Error|! "

If output is truly too large (over 100 lines), you can limit the count:

xelatex -synctex=1 -interaction=nonstopmode -file-line-error main.tex 2>&1 | grep -E "Error|! " | head -50

❌ Never use tail to view errors:

# Wrong! This will miss most errors
xelatex ... 2>&1 | tail -10

Step 2: Diagnose Problems Based on Error Messages

After viewing error messages, locate the specific file and line number:

• Error format: ./filename.tex:line_number: error_description
• Use Read tool to view content around that line

Step 3: Fix Errors and Recompile

After fixing errors, recompile to verify:

xelatex -synctex=1 -interaction=nonstopmode -file-line-error main.tex

Standard Two-Pass Compilation (only after first pass succeeds)

xelatex -synctex=1 -interaction=nonstopmode -file-line-error main.tex && \
xelatex -synctex=1 -interaction=nonstopmode -file-line-error main.tex

Common Issues

Q: PDF not updated?

A: Delete .aux and .synctex.gz files and recompile:

rm -f *.aux *.synctex.gz *.log
xelatex -synctex=1 -interaction=nonstopmode -file-line-error main.tex

Q: VSCode compiles successfully, but command line fails?

A: Check VSCode LaTeX Workshop settings to ensure same compilation command

Q: Compilation is slow?

A: This is normal, XeLaTeX compiling large documents takes time. First compilation is usually slower.

File Dependencies

Compilation requires:

• main.tex (main file)
• chapters/*.tex (chapter files)
• figures/ (image files, if any)
• .cls or .sty files (if using custom class)

References

• XeLaTeX documentation: https://texdoc.org/pkg/xelatex
• tcolorbox documentation (theorem boxes): https://texdoc.org/pkg/tcolorbox
• ctex documentation (Chinese support): https://texdoc.org/pkg/ctex