Yao Agent Development

Yao Agent Development Guide

Build AI Agents (Assistants) with hooks, tools, models, and prompts.

Core Concept

Assistant = Hooks + Tools + Models + Prompts + Configuration

• Hooks: TypeScript functions (Create, Next) that intercept execution
• Tools: MCP tool implementations called by LLM
• Models: Database schemas with auto-migration
• Prompts: System/user prompt templates

Directory Structure

assistants/<assistant_id>/
├── package.yao              # Required: Configuration
├── prompts.yml              # Required: System prompts
├── src/
│   ├── index.ts             # Hooks (Create, Next)
│   ├── tools.ts             # MCP tool implementations
│   └── *_test.ts            # Tests
├── mcps/
│   ├── tools.mcp.yao        # Tool declarations
│   └── mapping/tools/schemes/
│       └── <tool>.in.yao    # Tool input schema
├── models/
│   └── *.mod.yao            # Database models
├── locales/
│   ├── en-us.yml
│   └── zh-cn.yml
└── pages/                   # SUI pages (optional)

Package Configuration

package.yao:

{
  "name": "{{ name }}",
  "type": "assistant",
  "avatar": "/assets/avatar.png",
  "connector": "deepseek.v3",
  "connector_options": {
    "optional": true,
    "connectors": ["deepseek.v3", "openai.gpt-4o"],
    "filters": ["tool_calls"]
  },
  "mcp": {
    "servers": [
      { "server_id": "agents.<id>.tools", "tools": ["tool1"] }
    ]
  },
  "uses": { "search": "disabled" },
  "options": { "temperature": 0.7 },
  "public": true,
  "modes": ["chat", "task"],
  "default_mode": "task",
  "mentionable": true,
  "share": "team",
  "placeholder": {
    "title": "{{ chat.title }}",
    "prompts": ["{{ chat.prompts.0 }}"]
  }
}

connector_options details:

Hooks

Execution Flow

User Input → Load History → Create Hook → LLM Call → Tool Execution → Next Hook → Response

Create Hook

Called before LLM call. Configure the request.

function Create(ctx: agent.Context, messages: agent.Message[]): agent.Create {
  ctx.memory.context.Set("start_time", Date.now());
  
  return null;  // Default behavior
  
  // Or return configuration overrides
  return {
    messages, temperature: 0.7, connector: "gpt-4o", prompt_preset: "task",
    mcp_servers: [{ server_id: "agents.myapp.tools" }],
    uses: { search: "disabled" },
  };
  
  // Or delegate to another agent
  return { delegate: { agent_id: "specialist", messages } };
}

Next Hook

Called after LLM response and tool calls.

function Next(ctx: agent.Context, payload: agent.Payload): agent.Next {
  const { tools, error } = payload;
  if (error) return { data: { status: "error", message: error } };
  
  if (tools?.length > 0) {
    if (tools[0].result?.intent === "query") {
      return { delegate: { agent_id: "query_agent", messages: payload.messages } };
    }
    return { data: { status: "success", results: tools.map(t => t.result) } };
  }
  return null;  // Standard LLM response
}

Return Values

Context API

Properties

ctx.chat_id          // Chat session ID
ctx.assistant_id     // Assistant identifier
ctx.locale           // User locale
ctx.authorized       // { user_id, team_id, constraints }

Get Owner ID

const ownerID = ctx.authorized?.team_id || ctx.authorized?.user_id;

Messaging

// Complete message
ctx.Send({ type: "text", props: { content: "Hello!" } });
ctx.Send("Hello!");

// Streaming
const id = ctx.SendStream("Processing...");
ctx.Append(id, " done!");
ctx.End(id);

// Replace/Update
ctx.Replace(id, { type: "text", props: { content: "Done!" } });

Memory

ctx.memory.context.Set("key", value);
ctx.memory.context.Set("key", value, 300);  // With TTL
const value = ctx.memory.context.Get("key");

MCP

const result = ctx.mcp.CallTool("server_id", "tool_name", { arg: "value" });

See Context API Reference for Trace, MCP parallel calls, memory counters/lists, and full API.

Agent-to-Agent (A2A)

// From hooks — ctx.agent.Call()
const result = ctx.agent.Call("yao.keeper.classify", messages, {
  skip: { output: true, history: true },
});
// result.content, result.error

// From any context (YaoJob, MCP, scripts) — Process
const result = Process("agent.Call", {
  assistant_id: "yao.keeper.classify",
  messages: [{ role: "user", content: "Classify this..." }],
  timeout: 120,  // optional, default 600s
});

See Context API for parallel calls, full parameters, and when to use which.

MCP Tools

Tool Server (mcps/tools.mcp.yao)

{
  "label": "Tools",
  "description": "Custom tools",
  "transport": "process",
  "tools": {
    "recognize": "agents.<id>.tools.Recognize",
    "query": "models.agents.<id>.order.Paginate"
  }
}

Tool Input Schema (mcps/mapping/tools/schemes/recognize.in.yao)

{
  "type": "object",
  "description": "Recognize user intent",
  "properties": {
    "intent": {
      "type": "string",
      "enum": ["query", "submit", "analyze"],
      "description": "Detected intent"
    },
    "data": {
      "type": "object",
      "description": "Extracted data"
    }
  },
  "required": ["intent"]
}

Tool Implementation (src/tools.ts)

// @ts-nocheck
import { agent } from "@yao/runtime";

export function Recognize(params: { intent: string; data: any }, ctx: agent.Context) {
  const ownerID = ctx.authorized?.team_id || ctx.authorized?.user_id;
  switch (params.intent) {
    case "query":
      return { records: Process("models.agents.myapp.order.Get", {
        wheres: [{ column: "__yao_created_by", value: ownerID }], limit: 20,
      })};
    default:
      return { error: "Unknown intent" };
  }
}

Models

Models in models/ are auto-loaded with prefix agents.<assistant_id>.:

models/order.mod.yao:

{
  "name": "Order",
  "table": { "name": "order" },
  "columns": [
    { "name": "id", "type": "ID", "primary": true },
    { "name": "title", "type": "string", "length": 200 },
    { "name": "amount", "type": "decimal", "precision": 10, "scale": 2 },
    { "name": "status", "type": "enum", "option": ["pending", "completed"] }
  ],
  "option": { "timestamps": true, "soft_deletes": true, "permission": true }
}

Usage: Model ID = agents.myapp.order, Table = agents_myapp_order

Process("models.agents.myapp.order.Get", { limit: 10 });
Process("models.agents.myapp.order.Find", id);
Process("models.agents.myapp.order.Create", { title: "New", amount: 100 });

Permission Columns

When option.permission: true, auto-added columns: __yao_created_by (user), __yao_team_id (team).

Process("models.agents.myapp.order.Create", {
  title: "Order",
  __yao_created_by: ctx.authorized.user_id,
  __yao_team_id: ctx.authorized.team_id,
});

Prompts

prompts.yml — system prompt with template variables:

- role: system
  content: |
    # Assistant Name
    You are an assistant that helps users with [task].
    Current date: {{ $CTX.date }}
    User locale: {{ $CTX.locale }}

Prompt presets: Create prompts/chat.yml, prompts/task.yml, then select in Create hook via return { prompt_preset: "task" }.

Locales

locales/en-us.yml and locales/zh-cn.yml — referenced in package.yao via {{ key }}:

# locales/en-us.yml
name: My Assistant
description: Helps with tasks
chat:
  title: New Chat
  prompts:
    - How can I help?

Common Patterns

Loading Indicator

function Create(ctx: agent.Context, messages: agent.Message[]): agent.Create {
  const loadingId = ctx.Send({ type: "loading", props: { message: "Processing..." } });
  ctx.memory.context.Set("loading_id", loadingId);
  return { messages };
}

function Next(ctx: agent.Context, payload: agent.Payload): agent.Next {
  const loadingId = ctx.memory.context.Get("loading_id");
  if (loadingId) ctx.Replace(loadingId, { type: "loading", props: { message: "✅ Done", done: true } });
  return null;
}

Multi-Agent Delegation

function Next(ctx: agent.Context, payload: agent.Payload): agent.Next {
  if (payload.tools?.[0]?.result?.intent) {
    return { delegate: { agent_id: `myapp.${payload.tools[0].result.intent}`, messages: payload.messages } };
  }
  return null;
}

See Hooks Patterns for system init checks, locale detection, A2A patterns, and more.

Testing

Test files: src/*_test.ts. Functions must start with Test and be exported.

export function TestSave(t: testing.T, ctx: agent.Context) {
  const tid = ctx.authorized?.team_id || "team-001";
  const result = Save(tid, { title: "Test " + Date.now(), content: "test" });
  t.assert.True(result.entry_id.length > 0, "should have entry_id");
}

# Script test — run from app root, use ./ for paths
yao agent test -n myapp -i scripts.myapp.store \
  --ctx ./assistants/myapp/tests/ctx.json -v

# Quick E2E test
yao agent test -n myapp -i "Hello" -v

Key rules: Run from app root. Use ./ prefix for --ctx and file paths. src/ is implicit in script paths. Use yao-dev instead of yao when developing the engine itself.

See Testing Reference for full CLI flags, assertion API, path resolution, known issues, and patterns.

Quick Reference

Process Calls

// Model operations
Process("models.agents.<id>.<model>.Get", { limit: 10 });
Process("models.agents.<id>.<model>.Find", id);
Process("models.agents.<id>.<model>.Create", data);
Process("models.agents.<id>.<model>.Save", id, data);
Process("models.agents.<id>.<model>.Delete", id);

// A2A (from any context — YaoJob, MCP, scripts)
Process("agent.Call", {
  assistant_id: "target.agent.id",
  messages: [{ role: "user", content: "..." }],
  timeout: 120,  // optional, default 600s
});

// Text processing
Process("text.ExtractJSON", llmOutput);     // Parse JSON from LLM text
Process("text.HTMLToMarkdown", htmlString);  // HTML → Markdown

// Store (cache)
const cache = new Store("__yao.cache");
cache.GetSet("key", (k) => expensiveQuery(k), 60);

// Scripts
Process("scripts.mymodule.MyFunction", arg1, arg2);

File Naming

Reference Files

For detailed API documentation, see:

• Context API - Full context object reference
• Hooks Patterns - Common hook patterns
• Runtime API - Process, http, FS, Store
• Testing - CLI flags, assertion API, path resolution, patterns