Dart Architecture

DART 7 Architecture

Load this skill when working on the DART 7 simulation World, on solvers/physics domains/compute backends, when a change adds or renames a dart/simulation module, step-stage slot, or solver family, or whenever a task needs the big-picture map of how DART 7 is generalized for multi-physics, multi-solver, and multi-backend simulation.

The design in one sentence

World owns topology, time and composition. A solver may advance one or several physical domains, using a shared solve or an explicit coupling strategy. Semantic dependencies, executable plans and runtime adapters separate physics from scheduling. Users configure DART-owned method/policy values, never solver registries, component storage or runtime objects.

Why three axes of choice

• Research, apples-to-apples. A new paper's algorithm should be reproducible and benchmarkable inside DART against baselines on shared foundations, not in a fork. New methods enter through DART-owned solver families.
• End-user choice. Users pick the solver method and (internally) backend that fit their accuracy/speed/platform needs.
• Auto-configuration. Defaults are selected from scene content so the easy path stays trivial; the backend seam is designed for later platform/scene-scale awareness without changing the public API.

The living architecture map

The published page docs/readthedocs/architecture.md embeds four views that are rendered at docs-build time from typed JSON under docs/assets/architecture/. The JSON is the source of truth; rendered HTML is never committed.

Read the owning view before changing the code it describes: each node cites up to three sources (path, optional line range), carries a status tag, and the step-flow view's guided views (meta.views) show which slots run for the split rigid, fused multibody, and combined IPC schedules.

Status tags are the assessment's labels: Implemented (source path and a scoped test exist), Partial (useful implementation with uncovered contract cells), Planned (accepted work without qualifying implementation), Undecided (open design decision). Dashed relationships lead to planned work.

Type legend (archify's fixed palette with DART meanings): external = user-facing facade or third-party library, frontend = dartpy or dartsim surface, backend = solver, stage, or compute code, database = model, state, storage, checkpoint, or replay data, messagebus = coupling, exchange, or the step schedule, cloud = executor or device runtime, security = the public-API boundary that hides internals.

Update procedure

A change to a dart/simulation module, a BuiltInWorldStepStageSlot, an enumerator of any public selector enum class in world_options.hpp or multibody/multibody_options.hpp (the gate sweeps every enum there and requires each one's Enum: A, B card item in the framework view), a WorldStepStage subclass, or a dart/<module> directory updates the owning view in the same change:

1. Edit the view JSON: add or retitle the node, cite its sources (every architecture component needs at least one; the gate fails otherwise), set the tag from the assessment, and label new relationships with the exchanged data (dataflow flows) or the mechanism (architecture connections).
2. pixi run check-architecture-map (blocking, no Node.js): missing paths, out-of-range lines, line ranges that no longer hold their labelled symbol, unresolved symbols in labels, cards, boundaries, and guide notes, uncovered directories or enumerators, unmapped stage classes, and page embeds. Stage classes that intentionally have no schedule slot go into STAGE_CLASS_ALLOWLIST in scripts/check_architecture_map.py with a reason.
3. pixi run render-architecture-map: archify validation with exact geometry diagnostics (label collisions, crossings, readability). Apply the fixes hint of each diagnostic; showcase acceptance means zero diagnostics. The pinned checkout is fetched into .deps/archify on first use.
4. pixi run docs-build when the page prose changed, then review the built architecture page with pixi run docs-serve (served on port 8000).
5. Record the change under the packet's or PR's architecture impact line.

Audit procedure

• pixi run check-architecture-map for structure, evidence, and coverage.
• pixi run check-architecture-map-runtime compares the committed fixture with the views and, when pixi run build has produced the test_architecture_probe binary, with a fresh probe dump. It is advisory; pass --strict to fail on drift and --regenerate after an intentional schedule change (--guided-view <id> when the recorded guided view must change; it is validated against the step-flow view). Only a profiling-enabled build (the pixi run build default) records an execution trace; a schedule-only dump is reported and is refused for regeneration unless --allow-schedule-only is passed.
• Compare each node's tag with the current findings in docs/design/dart7_architecture_assessment.md; the assessment wins.
• Archify upgrades change ARCHIFY_TAG and ARCHIFY_COMMIT together in scripts/render_architecture_map.py, then re-render every view and re-check the readability diagnostics.

Authoring constraints that archify enforces

• Architecture views: 6 to 12 components; sublabels at most 28 characters (the sublabel font is capped at 9px and must project to 6px at a 1440px viewport, so a view stays under about 1390px wide); at most three sources per component; no crossing connections and no label within 4px of another route in showcase mode.
• Dataflow views: at most 5 stages and 5 rows on a fixed 215 by 114 grid with 112px nodes, so corridors are 103px wide; every flow needs a label; use route: "straight" for same-row flows, explicit via for flows spanning more than one stage, and labelAt in empty cells or beside corridors for labels longer than six characters.

Design vs current state (read both)

docs/readthedocs/architecture.md is the single-page map of the design and the options at each seam, with honest status markers. docs/design/dart7_architecture_assessment.md is the verified record of where implementation is partial: complete shared-model states, full CUDA World stepping, portable continuation, and coverage beyond the existing metrics/corpus. It owns the continuous audit rule and names the map views as affected artifacts. New families enter through docs/plans/solver-family-intake.md; docs/plans/040-dart7-release-hardening.md coordinates milestone readiness, and active subsystem plans own packets. PLAN-091 is completed background. Recheck source evidence before copying a pattern or repeating an absence claim from an older audit.

Key owner documents

The architecture page's Source-of-truth map is the single owner of the full topic → owner-doc mapping (solver, API, extension, compute, differentiable, clean-break, north-star). The docs an agent most often needs inline:

Public-facade rules (do not violate)

• Do not expose Solver, Coupler, PhysicsDomain, ECS storage, component types, concrete runtime/backend types, or solver registries as public API. Existing DART-owned abstract executor/stage extension interfaces are distinct from concrete runtime implementations.
• Select behavior by documented method-family names and policy value objects.
• A small DART-owned CPU/CUDA preference is accepted public design; library, pool, stream, kernel and ISA types remain private. WP-040.2 in docs/plans/040-dart7-release-hardening.md owns checker-transition requirements and status.
• Keep the easy path (World + addRigidBody/addMultibody + step) free of solver vocabulary.
• Fallbacks must never silently substitute algorithms: validate capabilities at finalize or record the substitution in diagnostics.

Verification

Use docs/ai/verification.md to select the docs-only or code gate set for the change. Map edits add pixi run check-architecture-map and pixi run render-architecture-map; the runtime probe runs inside pixi run test-unit. Implementation work that realizes parts of this architecture also follows the gates in docs/design/simulation_solver_architecture.md, the solver-family intake checklist, and any active owner plan named in docs/plans/dashboard.md.