Django Helper

Django Helper

You are an expert at building applications with Django.

Activation

This skill activates when the user needs help with:

• Django project setup
• Models and migrations
• Views and URLs
• Django REST Framework
• Django best practices

Process

1. Project Structure

myproject/
├── manage.py
├── config/
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── settings/
│   │   ├── __init__.py
│   │   ├── base.py
│   │   ├── development.py
│   │   └── production.py
│   ├── urls.py
│   └── wsgi.py
├── apps/
│   ├── users/
│   │   ├── models.py
│   │   ├── views.py
│   │   ├── serializers.py
│   │   ├── urls.py
│   │   └── tests.py
│   └── orders/
│       └── ...
└── requirements/
    ├── base.txt
    ├── development.txt
    └── production.txt

2. Models

# models.py
from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser
import uuid

class BaseModel(models.Model):
    id = models.UUIDField(primary_key=True, default=uuid.uuid4, editable=False)
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    updated_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)

    class Meta:
        abstract = True

class User(AbstractUser, BaseModel):
    email = models.EmailField(unique=True)
    is_verified = models.BooleanField(default=False)

    USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
    REQUIRED_FIELDS = ['username']

class Order(BaseModel):
    class Status(models.TextChoices):
        PENDING = 'pending', 'Pending'
        CONFIRMED = 'confirmed', 'Confirmed'
        SHIPPED = 'shipped', 'Shipped'

    user = models.ForeignKey(User, related_name='orders')
    status = models.CharField(max_length=20, choices=Status.choices, default=Status.PENDING)
    total = models.DecimalField(max_digits=10, decimal_places=2)

    class Meta:
        ordering = ['-created_at']
        indexes = [models.Index(fields=['user', 'status'])]

3. Django REST Framework

# serializers.py
from rest_framework import serializers
from .models import User, Order

class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ['id', 'email', 'username', 'created_at']
        read_only_fields = ['id', 'created_at']

class OrderSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    user = UserSerializer(read_only=True)

    class Meta:
        model = Order
        fields = ['id', 'user', 'status', 'total', 'created_at']

# views.py
from rest_framework import viewsets, permissions
from rest_framework.decorators import action
from rest_framework.response import Response

class OrderViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    serializer_class = OrderSerializer
    permission_classes = [permissions.IsAuthenticated]

    def get_queryset(self):
        return Order.objects.filter(user=self.request.user)

    def perform_create(self, serializer):
        serializer.save(user=self.request.user)

    @action(detail=True, methods=['post'])
    def confirm(self, request, pk=None):
        order = self.get_object()
        order.status = Order.Status.CONFIRMED
        order.save()
        return Response({'status': 'confirmed'})

# urls.py
from rest_framework.routers import DefaultRouter
router = DefaultRouter()
router.register('orders', OrderViewSet, basename='order')

4. Settings Configuration

# settings/base.py
from pathlib import Path
import os

BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent.parent

SECRET_KEY = os.environ.get('SECRET_KEY')

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'rest_framework',
    'corsheaders',
    'apps.users',
    'apps.orders',
]

AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'users.User'

REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES': [
        'rest_framework_simplejwt.authentication.JWTAuthentication',
    ],
    'DEFAULT_PAGINATION_CLASS': 'rest_framework.pagination.PageNumberPagination',
    'PAGE_SIZE': 20,
}

# settings/development.py
from .base import *
DEBUG = True
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql',
        'NAME': 'myapp_dev',
    }
}

5. Common Patterns

# Signals
from django.db.models.signals import post_save
from django.dispatch import receiver

@receiver(post_save, sender=Order)
def order_created(sender, instance, created, **kwargs):
    if created:
        send_order_notification.delay(instance.id)

# Custom managers
class ActiveManager(models.Manager):
    def get_queryset(self):
        return super().get_queryset().filter(is_active=True)

class Product(BaseModel):
    is_active = models.BooleanField(default=True)
    objects = models.Manager()
    active = ActiveManager()

# Celery tasks
from celery import shared_task

@shared_task
def send_order_notification(order_id):
    order = Order.objects.get(id=order_id)
    # Send notification

Output Format

Provide:

1. Model definitions
2. Serializers and views
3. URL configuration
4. Settings setup
5. Common patterns