Backend Tests

Always consult Pan Docs (pandocs/src/, via gameboy-docs skill) for expected flag effects, cycle counts, and register behavior. Never guess hardware behavior.

Structure

assembly/tests/framework.ts          ← assert helpers
assembly/tests/cpuTests.ts           ← setTestRom, register lambdas
assembly/tests/instructions/         ← per-opcode suites → index.ts → testInstructions()
assembly/tests/<feature>Tests.ts     ← other suites
assembly/index.ts                    ← re-export all test functions
tests/index.js                       ← JS harness

Each suite exports one testXxx(): boolean. Uses describe/it blocks. Returns true; a failed assert aborts immediately. the js harness calls all test functions based on name (starts with 'test'), reports pass/fail, and tracks opcode coverage via setTestRom.

Framework (assembly/tests/framework.ts)

describe(name, fn), beforeEach(fn), it(name, fn)
assertEquals<T>(actual, expected, label)
assertReg(actual: u8, expected: u8, name)
assertMem(addr: u16, expected: u8)         // GBload check
assertFlags(z, n, h, c: bool)             // all four flags
assertCycles(expected: u64)               // Cpu.CycleCount since last setTestRom
ctx()                                      // "[suite › case] " for manual asserts

Setup

import { setTestRom } from "../cpuTests";  // or "./cpuTests" from tests/ root
setTestRom([0x04]);          // resets emulator, tracks opcode coverage, Emulator.Init(true)
setTestRom([0xCB, 0x40]);    // prefixed

Register lambda helpers from cpuTests.ts: BC, DE, HL, SP, SetBC, SetDE, SetHL, SetSP.

Execution

Cpu.Tick();       // CPU only — use for opcode tests
Emulator.Tick();  // CPU + Timer + PPU + DMA — use when timing/interrupts matter

CPU API

// Read: Cpu.A()…Cpu.L(), Cpu.F(), Cpu.AF/BC/DE/HL (fields), Cpu.ProgramCounter, Cpu.StackPointer, Cpu.CycleCount
// Write: Cpu.SetA(v)…, Cpu.AF=v…, Cpu.SetF(flags), Cpu.SetFlag(Flag.Z_Zero)
// Flags: Cpu.FlagZ(), Cpu.FlagN(), Cpu.FlagH(), Cpu.FlagC()

Memory

MemoryMap.GBstore<u8>(addr, val); MemoryMap.GBload<u8>(addr);  // through MMU
store<u8>(ptr, val); load<u8>(ptr); memory.copy/fill(…);       // raw WASM (rare)

Use 0xFF82 as scratch HRAM in tests.

Cartridge-mode (multi-instruction programs)

memory.fill(CARTRIDGE_ROM_START, 0, 0x100);
memory.copy(CARTRIDGE_ROM_START + 0x100, instructions.dataStart, instructions.length);
MemoryMap.loadedCartridgeRomSize = instructions.length;
Emulator.Init(false);
// guard runaway: assert(i < 10000, "Runaway") inside loop

Wiring a new suite

1. assembly/tests/myFeatureTests.ts — export testMyFeature(): boolean
2. assembly/index.ts — export { testMyFeature } from "./tests/myFeatureTests"
3. tests/index.js — call it following existing pattern
4. pnpm run asbuild:debug && pnpm test

New instruction suites go in assembly/tests/instructions/, imported in index.ts → called from testInstructions() (already wired).

Pitfalls

• setTestRom resets all state. Cartridge-mode tests call Emulator.Init(false) manually.
• Cpu.Tick() doesn't advance Timer/PPU. Use Emulator.Tick() for timing-sensitive tests.
• Cycle counts from Pan Docs — assertCycles will catch mismatches.

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